Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.17.7

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Passage 10.17.7

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3sentences parsed

82Greek tokens

2,531input tokens

5,685output tokens

Sentence 1

10.17.7 sentence 1

Tokens: 21
Input: 783
Output: 1,487
Total: 2,270

ὕστερον μέντοι πολλοῖς ἔτεσιν οἱ Λίβυες ἐπεραιώθησάν τε αὖθις ἐς τὴν νῆσον στόλῳ μείζονι καὶ ἦρξαν ἐς τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν πολέμου.

The first clause coordinates with the second through τε ... καί; ἄρχω takes a genitive of what is begun/undertaken and an εἰς phrase for the target.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	advmod	high
2	μέντοι	μέντοι	ADV	ADV	_	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	advmod	high	Concessive/discourse adverb.
3	πολλοῖς	πολύς	ADJ	A-DatPl	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	4 ἔτεσιν	amod	high
4	ἔτεσιν	ἔτος	NOUN	N-DatPl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	obl	high	Dative of elapsed time.
5	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NomPlMasc	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 Λίβυες	det	high
6	Λίβυες	Λίβυς	PROPN	N-NomPlMasc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
7	ἐπεραιώθησάν	περαιόω	VERB	V-AorIndPass-3Pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high
8	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	cc	high	Correlative with καί.
9	αὖθις	αὖθις	ADV	ADV	_	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	advmod	high
10	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	12 νῆσον	case	high
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-AccSgFem	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 νῆσον	det	high
12	νῆσον	νῆσος	NOUN	N-AccSgFem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	obl	high	Goal of motion.
13	στόλῳ	στόλος	NOUN	N-DatSgMasc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	obl	high	Instrumental/means dative.
14	μείζονι	μέγας	ADJ	A-DatSgMasc	Case=Dat\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 στόλῳ	amod	high
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 ἦρξαν	cc	high
16	ἦρξαν	ἄρχω	VERB	V-AorIndAct-3Pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb.
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	19 Ἑλληνικὸν	case	high
18	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-AccSgNeut	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 Ἑλληνικὸν	det	high
19	Ἑλληνικὸν	Ἑλληνικός	ADJ	A-AccSgNeut	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ἦρξαν	obl	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the Greek world/people’; complement of ἄρχω.
20	πολέμου	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-GenSgMasc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ἦρξαν	obj	medium	Genitive object with ἄρχω, ‘begin/undertake war against’.
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐπεραιώθησάν	punct	high

Sentence 2

10.17.7 sentence 2

Tokens: 17
Input: 738
Output: 1,244
Total: 1,982

τὸ μὲν δὴ Ἑλληνικὸν ἐς ἅπαν ἐπέλαβε φθαρῆναι, ἢ ὀλίγον ἐγένετο ἐξ αὐτοῦ τὸ ὑπολειφθέν·

The subject τὸ Ἑλληνικόν is neuter singular; ἐπέλαβε governs the complementary infinitive φθαρῆναι. In the alternative clause, τὸ ὑπολειφθέν is substantivized and αὐτοῦ is partitive genitive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 Ἑλληνικὸν	det	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	Df	_	4 Ἑλληνικὸν	discourse	high	Correlative particle, answered by ἤ.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	Df	_	7 ἐπέλαβε	discourse	high
4	Ἑλληνικὸν	ἑλληνικός	NOUN	A--NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἐπέλαβε	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the Greek [race/people]’.
5	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	6 ἅπαν	case	high
6	ἅπαν	ἅπας	ADJ	A--ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 φθαρῆναι	obl	high	Accusative of extent/totality with the infinitival event.
7	ἐπέλαβε	ἐπιλαμβάνω	VERB	V--IAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Takes φθαρῆναι as complementary infinitive.
8	φθαρῆναι	φθείρω	VERB	V--ANM-	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	7 ἐπέλαβε	xcomp	high
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐπέλαβε	punct	high
10	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	12 ἐγένετο	cc	high	Introduces the alternative clause.
11	ὀλίγον	ὀλίγος	ADJ	A--NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἐγένετο	nsubj	medium	Predicate/substantival neuter; construed as the amount that came to exist.
12	ἐγένετο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V--AMI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	7 ἐπέλαβε	conj	high	Alternative coordinated finite clause.
13	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	14 αὐτοῦ	case	high
14	αὐτοῦ	αὐτός	PRON	P--GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἐγένετο	obl	high	Partitive genitive, ‘of it’.
15	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ὑπολειφθέν	det	high
16	ὑπολειφθέν	ὑπολείπω	VERB	V--APPNS-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	12 ἐγένετο	nsubj	high	Substantivized participle, ‘what was left over’.
17	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐπέλαβε	punct	high

Sentence 3

10.17.7 sentence 3

Tokens: 44
Input: 1,010
Output: 2,954
Total: 3,964

οἱ δὲ Τρῶες ἐς τῆς νήσου τὰ ὑψηλὰ ἀναφεύγουσι, καταλαβόντες δὲ ὄρη δύσβατα ὑπὸ σκολόπων τε καὶ κρημνῶν Ἰλιεῖς μὲν ὄνομα καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι ἔχουσι, Λίβυσι μέντοι τὰς μορφὰς καὶ τῶν ὅπλων τὴν σκευὴν καὶ ἐς τὴν πᾶσαν δίαιταν ἐοίκασιν.

The participial καταλαβόντες is circumstantial with οἱ Τρῶες; Ἰλιεῖς is the predicate nominative of ἔχουσι with ὄνομα as its object, while the final ἐοίκασιν takes coordinated accusative objects. The text’s ἐς τῆς νήσου is morphosyntactically irregular as transmitted; it is analyzed conservatively as a prepositional phrase with genitive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἱ	ὁ	DET	RA-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	3 Τρῶες	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G--------	_	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	cc	high
3	Τρῶες	Τρῶες	PROPN	NP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	nsubj	high
4	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	R--------	_	6 νήσου	case	medium	The transmitted genitive after ἐς is irregular.
5	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 νήσου	det	high
6	νήσου	νῆσος	NOUN	NC-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	obl	medium	Prepositional complement despite the unexpected genitive.
7	τὰ	ὁ	DET	RA-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 ὑψηλὰ	det	high
8	ὑψηλὰ	ὑψηλός	ADJ	A--APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	obl	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the high parts’.
9	ἀναφεύγουσι	ἀναφεύγω	VERB	V3PPAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	punct	high
11	καταλαβόντες	καταλαμβάνω	VERB	V-A-PNPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	advcl	high
12	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G--------	_	11 καταλαβόντες	cc	high
13	ὄρη	ὄρος	NOUN	NC-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 καταλαβόντες	obj	high
14	δύσβατα	δύσβατος	ADJ	A--APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ὄρη	amod	high
15	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R--------	_	16 σκολόπων	case	high
16	σκολόπων	σκόλοψ	NOUN	NC-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ὄρη	nmod	high
17	τε	τε	CCONJ	G--------	_	16 σκολόπων	cc	high
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	19 κρημνῶν	cc	high
19	κρημνῶν	κρημνός	NOUN	NC-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 σκολόπων	conj	high
20	Ἰλιεῖς	Ἰλιεύς	PROPN	NP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 ἔχουσι	predicative	high	Predicate nominative with ἔχουσι.
21	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	27 ἔχουσι	discourse	high
22	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	NC-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 ἔχουσι	obj	high
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	25 ἐμὲ	cc	high	Coordinates the ἐς phrase with the object/name statement.
24	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	R--------	_	25 ἐμὲ	case	high
25	ἐμὲ	ἐγώ	PRON	P1-AS	Case=Acc\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	27 ἔχουσι	obl	high
26	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D--------	_	27 ἔχουσι	advmod	high
27	ἔχουσι	ἔχω	VERB	V3PPAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	9 ἀναφεύγουσι	parataxis	high
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	27 ἔχουσι	punct	high
29	Λίβυσι	Λίβυς	PROPN	NP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	43 ἐοίκασιν	obl	high	Dative of comparison/reference with ἐοίκασιν.
30	μέντοι	μέντοι	PART	G--------	_	43 ἐοίκασιν	discourse	high
31	τὰς	ὁ	DET	RA-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	32 μορφὰς	det	high
32	μορφὰς	μορφή	NOUN	NC-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	43 ἐοίκασιν	obj	high	Accusative object of ἐοίκασιν in the sense ‘resemble’.
33	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	37 σκευὴν	cc	high
34	τῶν	ὁ	DET	RA-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	35 ὅπλων	det	high
35	ὅπλων	ὅπλον	NOUN	NC-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	37 σκευὴν	nmod	high
36	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	37 σκευὴν	det	high
37	σκευὴν	σκευή	NOUN	NC-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	43 ἐοίκασιν	conj	high	Coordinated accusative object of ἐοίκασιν.
38	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G--------	_	42 δίαιταν	cc	high
39	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	R--------	_	42 δίαιταν	case	high
40	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	42 δίαιταν	det	high
41	πᾶσαν	πᾶς	ADJ	A--ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	42 δίαιταν	amod	high
42	δίαιταν	δίαιτα	NOUN	NC-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	43 ἐοίκασιν	obl	high	Prepositional complement coordinated with the preceding comparison objects.
43	ἐοίκασιν	ἔοικα	VERB	V3PRAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect form with present meaning; coordinates with the preceding clause.
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	43 ἐοίκασιν	punct	high

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