Grammar parses for passage 10.17.9
Open translation for this passage
Καρχηδόνιοι δὲ ὅτε ναυτικῷ μάλιστα ἴσχυσαν, κατεστρέψαντο μὲν καὶ ἅπαντας τοὺς ἐν τῇ Σαρδοῖ πλὴν Ἰλιέων τε καὶ Κορσῶν---τούτοις δὲ μὴ ἐς δουλείαν ὑπαχθῆναι τὸ ἐχυρὸν ἤρκεσε τῶν ὀρῶν---, ᾤκισαν δὲ ἐν τῇ νήσῳ καὶ αὐτοὶ πόλιν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι Κάραλίν τε καὶ Σύλκους.
The syntax is paratactic with multiple finite verbs; the parenthetical dashed clause is attached to the surrounding infinitival/causal context as best as possible.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καρχηδόνιοι | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἴσχυσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἴσχυσαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pdg | _ | 6 ἴσχυσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἴσχυσαν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 4 | ναυτικῷ | ναυτικός | ADJ | A-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἴσχυσαν | obl | medium | Dative of respect/means with ἴσχυσαν. |
| 5 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἴσχυσαν | advmod | high | Modifies ἴσχυσαν. |
| 6 | ἴσχυσαν | ἰσχύω | VERB | V-aia3p-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἴσχυσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | κατεστρέψαντο | καταστρέφω | VERB | V-aim3p-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἴσχυσαν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἴσχυσαν. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 κατεστρέψαντο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 κατεστρέψαντο | cc | high | Coordinates object phrases. |
| 11 | ἅπαντας | ἅπας | ADJ | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἰλιέων | amod | medium | Attributive modifier of implied/understood object with πλὴν clause. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἰλιέων | det | high | Article with ἐν τῇ Σαρδοῖ phrase as substantivized modifier. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἰλιέων | case | high | Preposition introducing local phrase. |
| 14 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Σαρδοῖ | det | high | Article with place name. |
| 15 | Σαρδοῖ | Σαρδώ | PROPN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Ἰλιέων | nmod | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 16 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἰλιέων | case | high | Exception marker. |
| 17 | Ἰλιέων | Ἰλίεις | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 κατεστρέψαντο | obj | medium | Genitive of exception after πλὴν. |
| 18 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 Ἰλιέων | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 Κορσῶν | cc | high | Connects exception nouns. |
| 20 | Κορσῶν | Κορσός | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἰλιέων | conj | high | Conjunct with Ἰλιέων. |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 24 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-p---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 ἤρκεσε | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/disadvantage with ἤρκεσε. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pdg | _ | 32 ἤρκεσε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 26 | μὴ | μή | PART | G-------- | _ | 29 ὑπαχθῆναι | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 27 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 δουλείαν | case | high | Preposition with δουλείαν. |
| 28 | δουλείαν | δουλεία | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ὑπαχθῆναι | obl | high | Goal/result of ὑπαχθῆναι. |
| 29 | ὑπαχθῆναι | ὑπάγω | VERB | V-anp--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 32 ἤρκεσε | csubj | high | Infinitival subject/content clause. |
| 30 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 ἐχυρὸν | det | high | Article with ἐχυρόν. |
| 31 | ἐχυρὸν | ἐχυρός | ADJ | A-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 ἤρκεσε | nsubj | medium | Neuter substantive, subject of ἤρκεσε. |
| 32 | ἤρκεσε | ἀρκέω | VERB | V-aia3s-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; governs infinitival clause. |
| 33 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 ὀρῶν | det | high | Article with ὀρῶν. |
| 34 | ὀρῶν | ὄρος | NOUN | N-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 ἐχυρὸν | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐχυρόν/ἤρκεσε contextually, likely partitive or of cause. |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τούτοις | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἤρκεσε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 39 | ᾤκισαν | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-aia3p-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Third finite verb; here treated as separate root in asyndetic sequence. |
| 40 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pdg | _ | 39 ᾤκισαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 41 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 43 νήσῳ | case | high | Preposition with νήσῳ. |
| 42 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 νήσῳ | det | high | Article with νήσῳ. |
| 43 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ᾤκισαν | obl | high | Locative adjunct. |
| 44 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 45 αὐτοὶ | cc | high | Coordinates with αὐτοί. |
| 45 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pd-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ᾤκισαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾤκισαν. |
| 46 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ᾤκισαν | obj | high | Direct object of ᾤκισαν. |
| 47 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 48 Καρχηδόνιοι | det | high | Article with ethnic noun. |
| 48 | Καρχηδόνιοι | Καρχηδόνιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 αὐτοὶ | appos | high | Appositive to αὐτοὶ, specifying the subject. |
| 49 | Κάραλίν | Κάραλις | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ᾤκισαν | obj | low | Likely accusative place name or personal name; exact morphology uncertain. |
| 50 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 49 Κάραλίν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 51 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 49 Κάραλίν | cc | high | Coordinates with Κάραλίν. |
| 52 | Σύλκους | Σύλκοι | PROPN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 Κάραλίν | conj | low | Possibly a second proper name coordinated with Κάραλίν; form is unusual. |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 ᾤκισαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |