Grammar parses for passage 10.18.3
Open translation for this passage
οὐ συνιέντες οὖν ὁποῖόν τι ἤθελεν ὁ χρησμὸς λέγειν, οἱ μὲν οἴκαδε ἀποπλεῖν ἐβουλεύοντο διαλύσαντες τὴν πολιορκίαν,
The participial phrase οὐ συνιέντες is circumstantial with the subject οἱ, while ὁποῖόν τι is the predicate accusative of λέγειν; οἱ μὲν ... ἐβουλεύοντο introduces the coordinated/contrastive subject construction, and διαλύσαντες is a prior-action participle modifying the implicit subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 2 συνιέντες | advmod | high | |
| 2 | συνιέντες | συνίημι | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ptc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, with οἱ as its understood/expressed subject. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὁποῖόν | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 λέγειν | obj | medium | Predicate accusative with λέγειν; neuter singular agrees with τι. |
| 5 | τι | τις | PRON | X-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 4 ὁποῖόν | det | high | Indefinite pronoun modifying ὁποῖον. |
| 6 | ἤθελεν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 9 λέγειν | ccomp | high | Finite verb governing the complementary infinitive λέγειν. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 χρησμὸς | det | high | |
| 8 | χρησμὸς | χρησμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἤθελεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἤθελεν. |
| 9 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of ἤθελεν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized article, subject of ἐβουλεύοντο and understood subject of the participles. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 11 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle; corresponding δέ is outside the supplied sentence. |
| 13 | οἴκαδε | οἴκαδε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἀποπλεῖν | advmod | high | Directional adverb, ‘homeward/home’. |
| 14 | ἀποπλεῖν | ἀποπλέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on ἐβουλεύοντο. |
| 15 | ἐβουλεύοντο | βουλεύω | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 16 | διαλύσαντες | διαλύω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ptc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | advcl | high | Aorist circumstantial participle, anterior to the deliberation/departure. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πολιορκίαν | det | high | |
| 18 | πολιορκίαν | πολιορκία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 διαλύσαντες | obj | high | Object of διαλύσαντες. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐβουλεύοντο | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους οἵ τε ἄλλοι οὐδενὶ λόγῳ σφᾶς ἐνεποιοῦντο καὶ γυνὴ πρόεισιν ἐκ τοῦ τείχους ὕδωρ ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ τείχει λαβεῖν πίδακος.
The sentence has a difficult coordination and likely corrupt/transmitted wording: οἱ ... οἵ τε ἄλλοι coordinates the people inside the wall, while γυνὴ πρόεισιν introduces a woman; ἐκ τῆς ... πίδακος is taken as a source phrase with λαβεῖν infinitival purpose/complement, but attachment is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 οἵ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 τείχους | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ τείχους. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 τείχους | det | high | |
| 5 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | N----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | obl | high | Object of ἐντός. |
| 6 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P---NM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ἄλλοι | det | low | Likely article-like relative/identifying form introducing οἵ ... ἄλλοι; exact construction is uncertain. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄλλοι | cc | medium | Correlative coordination is syntactically irregular in the transmitted wording. |
| 8 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----NM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | nsubj | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with the following subject γυνή only loosely or in a corrupt construction. |
| 9 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | PRON | P---DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 10 λόγῳ | det | medium | Dative modifier of λόγῳ; οὐδείς is formally pronoun/adjective. |
| 10 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N----DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | obl | medium | Dative of means/grounds: by no account or argument. |
| 11 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P---AP--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | obj | high | Reflexive/third-person plural pronoun, object of ἐνεποιοῦντο. |
| 12 | ἐνεποιοῦντο | ἐμποιέω | VERB | V3PIIM---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form and meaning are difficult; parsed as imperfect middle/passive of ἐμποιέω, with σφᾶς as object. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 πρόεισιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N----NM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πρόεισιν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | πρόεισιν | πρόειμι | VERB | V3SPAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | conj | medium | Coordinated finite verb; may narratively continue the description rather than coordinate symmetrically with ἐνεποιοῦντο. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 τείχους | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ τείχους. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 τείχους | det | high | |
| 18 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | N----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πρόεισιν | obl | high | Source/separation phrase with πρόεισιν. |
| 19 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N----NA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 λαβεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative object of λαβεῖν; its relation to πρόεισιν is semantically awkward. |
| 20 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 πίδακος | case | medium | Governs πίδακος; the phrase may express the source of the water. |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 πίδακος | det | high | |
| 22 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 τείχει | case | high | With dative, locative: beneath the wall. |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 τείχει | det | high | |
| 24 | τείχει | τεῖχος | NOUN | N----DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 πίδακος | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying πίδακος: the spring beneath the wall. |
| 25 | λαβεῖν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 πρόεισιν | xcomp | medium | Aorist infinitive, likely expressing purpose or intended action; attachment is uncertain. |
| 26 | πίδακος | πίδαξ | NOUN | N----GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 λαβεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on λαβεῖν, perhaps partitive/source; exact construction is uncertain. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐνεποιοῦντο | punct | high |
ἐπιδραμόντες δὲ ἐκ τοῦ στρατεύματος αἰχμάλωτόν τε τὴν γυναῖκα αἱροῦσι καὶ διδάσκονται παρʼ αὐτῆς οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ ὅτι τὸ ὀλίγον τὸ ἐκ τῆς πίδακος ὕδωρ, ὁπότε ἐφʼ ἑκάστης λάβοιεν τῆς νυκτός, διεμετροῦντο αὐτό, καὶ ἄλλο ἦν τοῖς ἔνδον ἀλέξημα οὐδὲν ἐς δίψαν.
The participle ἐπιδραμόντες is circumstantial with αἱροῦσι; διδάσκονται is middle/passive in form with οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ as subject and παρʼ αὐτῆς as source. The ὅτι-clause contains a relative-like substantivized phrase τὸ ὀλίγον τὸ ἐκ τῆς πίδακος ὕδωρ as object of διεμετροῦντο; λάβοιεν is an optative in an ὁπότε temporal clause, with αὐτό referring to the water. The final ἄλλο ... ἀλέξημα is existential/predicative: no other defense against thirst was available to those inside.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιδραμόντες | ἐπιτρέχω | VERB | VAAP-PMN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 αἱροῦσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject coreferential with the attackers. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 10 αἱροῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 5 στρατεύματος | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---MG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 στρατεύματος | det | high | |
| 5 | στρατεύματος | στράτευμα | NOUN | S---NG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 ἐπιδραμόντες | obl | high | Source of the movement. |
| 6 | αἰχμάλωτόν | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | A--ASM-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 γυναῖκα | amod | high | Feminine accusative adjective agreeing with γυναῖκα. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 10 αἱροῦσι | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AF-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 γυναῖκα | det | high | |
| 9 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | S---AF-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 10 αἱροῦσι | obj | high | Object of αἱροῦσι. |
| 10 | αἱροῦσι | αἱρέω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated finite predicate. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 12 διδάσκονται | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite predicate. |
| 12 | διδάσκονται | διδάσκω | VERB | V-PIE-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 10 αἱροῦσι | conj | high | Middle form, ‘learn/are taught’; coordinated with αἱροῦσι. |
| 13 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 αὐτῆς | case | high | Source preposition governing genitive. |
| 14 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P---FG3- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|Person=Third | 12 διδάσκονται | obl | high | Source of instruction. |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NM-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 16 Ἀχαιοὶ | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | S---NM-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 12 διδάσκονται | nsubj | high | Subject of διδάσκονται. |
| 17 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | G--------- | _ | 12 διδάσκονται | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NA-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 19 ὀλίγον | det | high | |
| 19 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A---NA-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 24 ὕδωρ | amod | high | Substantivized/attributive adjective modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NA-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 21 ἐκ | det | high | Article in the attributive phrase τὸ ἐκ τῆς πίδακος. |
| 21 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 23 πίδακος | case | high | |
| 22 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---FG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 23 πίδακος | det | high | |
| 23 | πίδακος | πίδαξ | NOUN | S---FG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 20 τὸ | nmod | high | Source of the water. |
| 24 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | S---NA-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 33 διεμετροῦντο | obj | high | Object of διεμετροῦντο. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ὕδωρ | punct | high | |
| 26 | ὁπότε | ὁπότε | SCONJ | G--------- | _ | 29 λάβοιεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 27 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 28 ἑκάστης | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 28 | ἑκάστης | ἕκαστος | ADJ | A---FG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 31 νυκτός | det | high | Substantival adjective, ‘each (night)’. |
| 29 | λάβοιεν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AOAO3P- | Mood=Optative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 33 διεμετροῦντο | advcl | medium | Temporal optative; exact modal force is context-dependent. |
| 30 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---FG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 31 νυκτός | det | high | |
| 31 | νυκτός | νύξ | NOUN | S---FG-- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 29 λάβοιεν | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί, ‘on each night’. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 λάβοιεν | punct | high | |
| 33 | διεμετροῦντο | διαμετρέω | VERB | V-IPI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 12 διδάσκονται | ccomp | high | Finite predicate in the ὅτι-content clause; middle voice is distributive/reflexive in sense. |
| 34 | αὐτό | αὐτός | PRON | P---NA3- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Person=Third | 33 διεμετροῦντο | obj | high | Resumptive object referring to ὕδωρ. |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 διεμετροῦντο | punct | high | |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 38 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the final predication. |
| 37 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---NN-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 41 ἀλέξημα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἀλέξημα. |
| 38 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 33 διεμετροῦντο | conj | high | Existential/copular predicate coordinated within the content clause. |
| 39 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S---ND-- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 40 ἔνδον | det | high | |
| 40 | ἔνδον | ἔνδον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 38 ἦν | obl | medium | Adverb substantivized by the article, ‘those inside’. |
| 41 | ἀλέξημα | ἀλέξημα | NOUN | S---NN-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 38 ἦν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject with ἦν. |
| 42 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A---NN-- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 41 ἀλέξημα | amod | high | Negative adjective/pronominal modifier, ‘no’. |
| 43 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 44 δίψαν | case | high | |
| 44 | δίψαν | δίψα | NOUN | S---AF-- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 41 ἀλέξημα | nmod | high | Purpose/target complement, ‘against thirst’. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 αἱροῦσι | punct | high |
οὕτω δὴ συγχέαντες οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ τὴν πηγὴν τὸ πόλισμα αἱροῦσιν.
The aorist participle συγχέαντες is a temporal/circumstantial adjunct to αἱροῦσιν, with οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ as its nominative subject; τὴν πηγὴν is the object of συγχέαντες, while τὸ πόλισμα is the object of αἱροῦσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 3 συγχέαντες | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | G- | _ | 10 αἱροῦσιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | συγχέαντες | συγχέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 αἱροῦσιν | advcl | high | Temporal/circumstantial participle. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Ἀχαιοὶ | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Nb-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 αἱροῦσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 πηγὴν | det | high | |
| 7 | πηγὴν | πηγή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 συγχέαντες | obj | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 πόλισμα | det | high | |
| 9 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 αἱροῦσιν | obj | high | |
| 10 | αἱροῦσιν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 αἱροῦσιν | punct | high |