Grammar parses for passage 10.18.2
Open translation for this passage
γῆς Πέλοπος ναέται καὶ Ἀχαιίδος, οἳ ποτὶ Πυθώ ἤλθετε πευσόμενοι ὥς κε πτολίεθρον ἕλητε, ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ φράζεσθε
Direct address: ναέται καὶ Ἀχαιίδος governs a relative clause (οἳ ... ἤλθετε) with a future middle purpose participle and ὥς κε purpose clause; the final imperative φράζεσθε is the root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ναέται | nmod | high | |
| 2 | Πέλοπος | Πέλοψ | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γῆς | nmod | high | |
| 3 | ναέται | ναέτης | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 φράζεσθε | vocative | medium | Vocative plural form used in direct address. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ναέται | cc | high | |
| 5 | Ἀχαιίδος | Ἀχαΐς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ναέται | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναέται. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ναέται | punct | high | |
| 7 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-RNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ἤλθετε | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ποτὶ | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Πυθώ | case | high | Epic form of πρός. |
| 9 | Πυθώ | Πυθώ | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἤλθετε | obl | high | Epic dative of destination. |
| 10 | ἤλθετε | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAI-2P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 φράζεσθε | acl:relcl | high | Aorist indicative; relative clause modifying the vocative addressees. |
| 11 | πευσόμενοι | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-FAMP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=_|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 ἤλθετε | advcl | high | Future middle participle expressing purpose. |
| 12 | ὥς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἕλητε | mark | medium | Introduces the intended-result/purpose clause. |
| 13 | κε | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 15 ἕλητε | aux | high | Epic modal particle. |
| 14 | πτολίεθρον | πτολίεθρον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἕλητε | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἕλητε | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AAS-2P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 πευσόμενοι | ccomp | medium | Aorist subjunctive with ὥς κε in an intended-purpose clause. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 φράζεσθε | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἀλλʼ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 φράζεσθε | cc | high | Elided form ἀλλʼ. |
| 18 | ἄγε | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAM-2S | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 φράζεσθε | advmod | medium | Imperative particle-like verb, functioning as an exhortatory discourse element. |
| 19 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 20 φράζεσθε | discourse | high | |
| 20 | φράζεσθε | φράζω | VERB | V-PMM-2P | Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high |
λάχος πόσον ἦμαρ ἕκαστον λαῶν πινόντων ῥύεται πόλιν, ἡ δὲ πέπωκεν·
The sentence is textually difficult: λάχος is taken as the subject, πόσον ἦμαρ as an accusative duration/extent phrase, and the genitive absolute λαῶν πινόντων as circumstantial; ἡ refers to πόλις, with πέπωκεν as its perfect predicate. The lexical semantics and exact construction remain uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λάχος | λάχος | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ῥύεται | nsubj | medium | Taken as neuter nominative subject, perhaps an allotment/share; the form is morphologically ambiguous with accusative. |
| 2 | πόσον | πόσος | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦμαρ | amod | medium | Interrogative/indefinite quantitative adjective modifying ἦμαρ. |
| 3 | ἦμαρ | ἦμαρ | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ῥύεται | obl | medium | Accusative of duration or extent; exact syntactic relation is uncertain. |
| 4 | ἕκαστον | ἕκαστος | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦμαρ | amod | medium | Accusative neuter modifying ἦμαρ, ‘each’. |
| 5 | λαῶν | λαός | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πινόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 6 | πινόντων | πίνω | VERB | v3ppag--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ῥύεται | advcl | high | Genitive plural present active participle in a genitive absolute. |
| 7 | ῥύεται | ῥύομαι | VERB | v3spmi--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Present middle indicative; construed here as the main predicate, though the lexical sense and subject linkage are difficult. |
| 8 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ῥύεται | obj | high | Accusative object of ῥύεται. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ῥύεται | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πέπωκεν | nsubj | high | Article used substantivally/anaphorically, referring to πόλις. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 πέπωκεν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 12 | πέπωκεν | πίνω | VERB | v3srie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 7 ῥύεται | conj | high | Perfect active indicative, coordinated with the preceding predicate. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ῥύεται | punct | high |