Grammar parses for passage 10.19.9
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ ἀθροισθεὶς στρατὸς πεζοὶ μὲν μυριάδες ἐγένοντο πεντεκαίδεκα προσόντων σφίσι δισχιλίων, οἱ δὲ ἱππεύοντες τετρακόσιοι καὶ δισμύριοι.
The sentence uses two loosely coordinated number expressions with ellipsis of copulas; the genitive absolute around προσόντων σφίσι δισχιλίων is syntactically compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 στρατὸς | det | high | Article modifying στρατὸς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 στρατὸς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀθροισθεὶς | ἀθροίζω | VERB | PAORPMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 στρατὸς | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying στρατὸς. |
| 4 | στρατὸς | στρατός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 5 | πεζοὶ | πεζός | ADJ | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 μυριάδες | amod | high | Predicate/adjectival modifier of μυριάδες. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 7 μυριάδες | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δὲ. |
| 7 | μυριάδες | μυριάς | NOUN | N-P---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | medium | Appositional/predicative complement with ellipsis of copula; number expression. |
| 8 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AAPMI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | πεντεκαίδεκα | πεντεκαίδεκα | NUM | N-N- | NumType=Card | 7 μυριάδες | nummod | high | Numeral modifying μυριάδες. |
| 10 | προσόντων | πρόσειμι | VERB | V-PAPGMP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 δισχιλίων | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with implied subject; part of the genitive phrase. |
| 11 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---3D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 προσόντων | obl | high | Dative dependent within genitive absolute context. |
| 12 | δισχιλίων | δισχίλιοι | NUM | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 10 προσόντων | obj | medium | Genitive numeral in the genitive absolute phrase; exact internal syntax uncertain. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Comma. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἱππεύοντες | det | high | Article with participle ἱππεύοντες. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἱππεύοντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | ἱππεύοντες | ἱππεύω | VERB | V-PAPNMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Second subject with implied copula/elliptical clause. |
| 17 | τετρακόσιοι | τετρακόσιοι | NUM | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 16 ἱππεύοντες | nummod | high | Numeral agreeing with implied noun/subject. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 δισμύριοι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 19 | δισμύριοι | δισμύριοι | NUM | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 17 τετρακόσιοι | conj | high | Coordinated numeral with τετρακόσιοι. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοσοῦτοι μὲν ἦσαν τῶν ἱππέων τὸ ἀεὶ ἐνεργόν, ἀριθμὸς δὲ αὐτῶν ὁ ἀληθὴς διακόσιοί τε καὶ χίλιοι καὶ ἓξ μυριάδες·
The clause is loosely paratactic: ἀριθμὸς δὲ αὐτῶν ὁ ἀληθὴς ... with the numerical phrase coordinated and compressed, making the exact internal attachment of ἐνεργόν somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοσοῦτοι | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | PD-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Predicate adjective used substantively with ἦσαν. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 τοσοῦτοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἱππέων | det | high | Article. |
| 5 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 τοσοῦτοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τοσοῦτοι. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἐνεργόν | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἐνεργόν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐνεργόν. |
| 8 | ἐνεργόν | ἐνεργός | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀριθμὸς | appos | medium | Likely substantivized neuter phrase modifying ἀριθμός; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἀριθμὸς | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause noun with predicative complement following comma. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἀριθμὸς | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 12 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἀριθμὸς | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive dependent of ἀριθμός. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἀληθὴς | det | high | Article. |
| 14 | ἀληθὴς | ἀληθής | ADJ | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀριθμὸς | amod | high | Attributive adjective with ἀριθμὸς. |
| 15 | διακόσιοί | διακόσιοι | NUM | M-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀριθμὸς | nummod | high | Part of the numerical expression. |
| 16 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 διακόσιοί | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 χίλιοι | cc | high | Conjoins numerals. |
| 18 | χίλιοι | χίλιοι | NUM | M-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 διακόσιοί | conj | high | Conjunct in the numeral sequence. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἓξ | cc | high | Conjoins with following numeral. |
| 20 | ἓξ | ἕξ | NUM | M-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 μυριάδες | nummod | medium | Form is orthographically/analytically awkward here; treated as numeral modifying μυριάδες. |
| 21 | μυριάδες | μυριάς | NOUN | N-P---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 διακόσιοί | conj | high | Final conjunct in the numerical expression. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀριθμὸς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
δύο γὰρ οἰκέται περὶ ἕκαστον τῶν ἱππευόντων ἦσαν, ἀγαθοὶ καὶ αὐτοὶ τὰ ἱππικὰ καὶ ἵππους ὁμοίως ἔχοντες.
The phrase περὶ ἕκαστον τῶν ἱππευόντων is syntactically elliptical; I analyze it as an oblique expression dependent on the clause with ἦσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 3 οἰκέται | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying οἰκέται. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἦσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | οἰκέται | οἰκέτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦσαν. |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἕκαστον | case | high | Preposition governing ἕκαστον. |
| 5 | ἕκαστον | ἕκαστος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἦσαν | obl | medium | Likely adverbial/oblique expression with περὶ; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἱππευόντων | det | high | Article modifying participle ἱππευόντων. |
| 7 | ἱππευόντων | ἱππεύω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἕκαστον | nmod | high | Participle in genitive plural, dependent on ἕκαστον. |
| 8 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ἀγαθοὶ | ἀγαθός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with implied/copular relation to ἦσαν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 αὐτοὶ | cc | high | Coordinates αὐτοὶ. |
| 12 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀγαθοὶ | conj | high | Coordination with ἀγαθοὶ. |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἱππικὰ | det | high | Article modifying ἱππικὰ. |
| 14 | ἱππικὰ | ἱππικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἔχοντες | obj | medium | Neuter plural substantive, object of ἔχοντες. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἵππους | cc | high | Coordinates ἵππους. |
| 16 | ἵππους | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἱππικὰ | conj | high | Coordination with ἱππικὰ. |
| 17 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | _ | _ | 18 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντες. |
| 18 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἦσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with subject. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |