Grammar parses for passage 10.20.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ δὲ τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ βαρβάρους τοσοίδε ἐς Θερμοπύλας ἀφίκοντο Ἕλληνες· ὁπλῖται μύριοι καὶ ἵππος πεντακοσία παρὰ Βοιωτῶν· ἐβοιωτάρχουν δὲ Κηφισόδοτος καὶ Θεαρίδας καὶ Διογένης καὶ Λύσανδρος.
The passage consists of three coordinate clauses separated by middot punctuation; the second is elliptical/list-like, and πεντακοσία is morphologically awkward with ἵππος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Introduces direction toward goal. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἀφίκοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 βαρβάρους | det | high | Article modifying βαρβάρους. |
| 4 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 7 βαρβάρους | case | high | Begins prepositional phrase modifying βαρβάρους. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ὠκεανοῦ | det | high | Article with Ὠκεανοῦ. |
| 6 | Ὠκεανοῦ | Ὠκεανός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βαρβάρους | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 7 | βαρβάρους | βάρβαρος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | obj | high | Substantivized adjective as direct object of ἀφίκοντο. |
| 8 | τοσοίδε | τοσόσδε | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἕλληνες | amod | medium | Likely modifies Ἕλληνες; form and syntax somewhat context-driven. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἀφίκοντο | case | high | Preposition with motion. |
| 10 | Θερμοπύλας | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 11 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 12 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκοντο. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | Sentence separator. |
| 14 | ὁπλῖται | ὁπλίτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Beginning of new clause/list; treated as elliptical nominal statement. |
| 15 | μύριοι | μύριος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὁπλῖται | amod | high | Modifies ὁπλῖται. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἵππος | cc | high | Coordinates ἵππος with ὁπλῖται. |
| 17 | ἵππος | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ὁπλῖται | conj | medium | Likely collective 'cavalry/horse'; singular form in list. |
| 18 | πεντακοσία | πεντακόσιοι | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἵππος | amod | low | Agreement is anomalous with ἵππος; probably numeral-like modifier. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 14 ὁπλῖται | case | high | Introduces source/agency phrase. |
| 20 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὁπλῖται | nmod | high | Genitive complement of παρὰ. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὁπλῖται | punct | high | Sentence separator. |
| 22 | ἐβοιωτάρχουν | βοιωταρχέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of third clause. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 24 | Κηφισόδοτος | Κηφισόδοτος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | nsubj | high | First subject in coordination. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 26 Θεαρίδας | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 26 | Θεαρίδας | Θεαρίδας | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | Conjunct subject. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 28 Διογένης | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 28 | Διογένης | Διογένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | Conjunct subject. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 30 Λύσανδρος | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 30 | Λύσανδρος | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | Final conjunct subject. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐκ δὲ Φωκέων ἱππεῖς πεντακόσιοι καὶ ἐς τρισχιλίους ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν πεζῶν· στρατηγοὶ δὲ Φωκέων Κριτόβουλός τε ἦν καὶ Ἀντίοχος.
The passage contains three paratactic nominal clauses with ellipsis of a finite verb/copula in the first two, and a final copular/name clause with coordinated subjects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 3 Φωκέων | case | high | Preposition governing Φωκέων. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 Φωκέων | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 4 ἱππεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱππεῖς with ἐκ. |
| 4 | ἱππεῖς | ἱππεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | First clause nominal expression with omitted verb. |
| 5 | πεντακόσιοι | πεντακόσιοι | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἱππεῖς | amod | high | Adjectival numeral modifying ἱππεῖς. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 τρισχιλίους | cc | high | Coordinates the following quantified phrase. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 8 τρισχιλίους | case | high | Preposition with numeral phrase. |
| 8 | τρισχιλίους | τρισχίλιοι | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀριθμὸς | nummod | high | Accusative numeral modifying ἀριθμός with implied extent/value. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀριθμὸς | det | high | Article with ἀριθμός. |
| 10 | ἀριθμὸς | ἀριθμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause nominal predication; likely elliptical/copular context. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πεζῶν | det | high | Article with πεζῶν. |
| 12 | πεζῶν | πεζός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀριθμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀριθμὸς, 'of the foot-soldiers'. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀριθμὸς | punct | high | Sentence separator punctuation. |
| 14 | στρατηγοὶ | στρατηγός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Third clause nominal assertion; likely with omitted 'were'. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 στρατηγοὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 16 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 14 στρατηγοὶ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of στρατηγοί. |
| 17 | Κριτόβουλός | Κριτόβουλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 στρατηγοὶ | nsubj | medium | First of coordinated nominative names; linked to ἦν. |
| 18 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 17 Κριτόβουλός | cc | high | Enclitic coordinate particle. |
| 19 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 17 Κριτόβουλός | cop | high | Copula for the predicate/name phrase. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 Ἀντίοχος | cc | high | Coordinates the second named subject. |
| 21 | Ἀντίοχος | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Κριτόβουλός | conj | high | Coordinated with Κριτόβουλος. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 στρατηγοὶ | punct | high | Final sentence punctuation. |