Grammar parses for passage 10.20.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ δὲ τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ βαρβάρους τοσοίδε ἐς Θερμοπύλας ἀφίκοντο Ἕλληνες· ὁπλῖται μύριοι καὶ ἵππος πεντακοσία παρὰ Βοιωτῶν· ἐβοιωτάρχουν δὲ Κηφισόδοτος καὶ Θεαρίδας καὶ Διογένης καὶ Λύσανδρος.
The sentence contains a main clause with ἀφίκοντο as root and a coordinated elliptical/nominal troop enumeration after the semicolon; ἐβοιωτάρχουν introduces the named Boeotarchs. The unusual ἵππος πεντακοσία is treated as a feminine collective/count expression, with agreement uncertainty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 7 βαρβάρους | case | high | With accusative τοὺς βαρβάρους. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἀφίκοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 βαρβάρους | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 6 Ὠκεανοῦ | case | high | Introduces τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ὠκεανοῦ | det | high | |
| 6 | Ὠκεανοῦ | Ὠκεανός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βαρβάρους | nmod | high | Proper name, genitive dependent on βαρβάρους. |
| 7 | βαρβάρους | βάρβαρος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Substantivized adjective; destination/against-which phrase. |
| 8 | τοσοίδε | τοσόσδε | DET | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἕλληνες | det | high | Correlative quantity adjective modifying Ἕλληνες. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 10 Θερμοπύλας | case | high | |
| 10 | Θερμοπύλας | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Destination. |
| 11 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὁπλῖται | ὁπλίτης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφίκοντο | appos | medium | Nominal enumeration, likely appositional to Ἕλληνες. |
| 15 | μύριοι | μύριος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὁπλῖται | amod | high | Numeral adjective. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἵππος | cc | high | Coordinates the troop categories. |
| 17 | ἵππος | ἵππος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀφίκοντο | conj | medium | Feminine collective/count expression; number and gender are lexically/semantically unusual. |
| 18 | πεντακοσία | πεντακόσιοι | NUM | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἵππος | amod | medium | Feminine singular agreeing with ἵππος as transmitted. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 20 Βοιωτῶν | case | high | With genitive Βοιωτῶν, source/origin. |
| 20 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἵππος | nmod | high | Boeotians as source/provider. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἐβοιωτάρχουν | βοιωταρχέω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; subject follows. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | cc | high | |
| 24 | Κηφισόδοτος | Κηφισόδοτος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | nsubj | high | First member of coordinated plural subject. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 Θεαρίδας | cc | high | |
| 26 | Θεαρίδας | Θεαρίδας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 Διογένης | cc | high | |
| 28 | Διογένης | Διογένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 Λύσανδρος | cc | high | |
| 30 | Λύσανδρος | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κηφισόδοτος | conj | high | |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐβοιωτάρχουν | punct | high |
ἐκ δὲ Φωκέων ἱππεῖς πεντακόσιοι καὶ ἐς τρισχιλίους ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν πεζῶν· στρατηγοὶ δὲ Φωκέων Κριτόβουλός τε ἦν καὶ Ἀντίοχος.
Nominal/existential clauses are coordinated: ἐκ Φωκέων modifies the troop group; ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν πεζῶν is the subject of an omitted/copular clause with ἐς τρισχιλίους as a predicative quantity. The second clause has στρατηγοί as subject, ἦν as copula, and two coordinated nominative names; τε coordinates Κριτόβουλος with Ἀντίοχος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 ἱππεῖς | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἱππεῖς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἱππεῖς | nmod | high | Partitive/ethnic genitive. |
| 4 | ἱππεῖς | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Head of the first nominal clause; understood existential/copular predication. |
| 5 | πεντακόσιοι | πεντακόσιοι | NUM | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 4 ἱππεῖς | nummod | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀριθμὸς | cc | medium | Coordinates the two nominal quantity expressions. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 8 τρισχιλίους | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 8 | τρισχιλίους | τρισχίλιοι | NUM | A-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 10 ἀριθμὸς | obl | medium | Accusative after ἐς, expressing an upper limit/approximate number. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀριθμὸς | det | high | |
| 10 | ἀριθμὸς | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἱππεῖς | conj | medium | Subject/head of the second coordinated nominal quantity clause. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πεζῶν | det | high | |
| 12 | πεζῶν | πεζός | ADJ | A-p---mg- | substantivized=Yes|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀριθμὸς | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘of the infantry’. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἱππεῖς | punct | high | |
| 14 | στρατηγοὶ | στρατηγός | NOUN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν; plural subject with singular copula is possible in nominal predication. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 στρατηγοὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 στρατηγοὶ | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the generals. |
| 17 | Κριτόβουλός | Κριτόβουλος | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Nominative predicate complement of ἦν. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Κριτόβουλός | cc | high | Coordinates the two predicate names. |
| 19 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula of the second clause. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Κριτόβουλός | cc | high | Coordinates the predicate names. |
| 21 | Ἀντίοχος | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Κριτόβουλός | conj | high | |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἦν | punct | high |