Grammar parses for passage 10.23.10
Open translation for this passage
πλῆθος δὲ τὸ ἐν τῇ Φωκίδι αὐτῶν ἀναλωθέν, ὀλίγῳ μὲν ἑξακισχιλίων ἐλάσσονες οἱ ἐν ταῖς μάχαις, οἱ δʼ ἐν τῇ χειμερίῳ διαφθαρέντες νυκτὶ καὶ ὕστερον οἱ ἐν τῷ Πανικῷ δείματι ἐγένοντο ὑπὲρ τοὺς μυρίους, τοσοῦτοι δὲ ἄλλοι καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ λιμοῦ.
The sentence is highly elliptical and enumerative, with multiple nominative groups and implied predicates; several participial phrases function quasi-independently.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλῆθος | πλῆθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | medium | Nominal subject of ἐγένοντο; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 πλῆθος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀναλωθέν | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 6 Φωκίδι | case | high | Preposition governing Φωκίδι. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Φωκίδι | det | high | Article with Φωκίδι. |
| 6 | Φωκίδι | Φωκίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀναλωθέν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 7 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 Φωκίδι | nmod | medium | Likely dependent genitive modifying Φωκίδι ('their Phocis'/their territory). |
| 8 | ἀναλωθέν | ἀναλόω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 πλῆθος | acl | high | Participial modifier of πλῆθος. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀναλωθέν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | ὀλίγῳ | ὀλίγος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐλάσσονες | obl | medium | Dative of comparison/degree with ἐλάσσονες. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἐλάσσονες | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 12 | ἑξακισχιλίων | ἑξακισχίλιοι | NUM | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐλάσσονες | nummod | high | Genitive of measure/standard. |
| 13 | ἐλάσσονες | ἐλάσσων | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πλῆθος | parataxis | medium | Predicative/appositional clause continuing the count. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 οἱ | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 17 μάχαις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 16 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 μάχαις | det | high | Article with μάχαις. |
| 17 | μάχαις | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 οἱ | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 οἱ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐλάσσονες | nsubj | medium | Elliptical subject of an implied verb/participle in the enumeration. |
| 20 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 οἱ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 24 διαφθαρέντες | case | high | Preposition. |
| 22 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 χειμερίῳ | det | high | Article with χειμερίῳ. |
| 23 | χειμερίῳ | χειμέριος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 διαφθαρέντες | amod | medium | Attributive to an implied noun 'night' or similar; text is elliptical. |
| 24 | διαφθαρέντες | διαφθείρω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 οἱ | acl | high | Participle modifying οἱ. |
| 25 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 διαφθαρέντες | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 27 ὕστερον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 27 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | _ | _ | 24 διαφθαρέντες | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 28 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 29 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 32 δείματι | case | high | Preposition. |
| 30 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 δείματι | det | high | Article with δείματι. |
| 31 | Πανικῷ | πανικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 δείματι | amod | high | Attributive adjective. |
| 32 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | Oblique complement with ἐν. |
| 33 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verbal predicate. |
| 34 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | _ | 36 μυρίους | case | high | Preposition governing μυρίους. |
| 35 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 μυρίους | det | high | Article with μυρίους. |
| 36 | μυρίους | μύριοι | NUM | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἐγένοντο | obl | medium | Measure/comparative phrase with ὑπέρ. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 τοσοῦτοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 38 | τοσοῦτοι | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πλῆθος | conj | medium | Further coordinated quantified predicate with omitted copula/verb. |
| 39 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 38 τοσοῦτοι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 40 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 τοσοῦτοι | amod | medium | Substantival adjective 'others'. |
| 41 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 42 ὑπὸ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 42 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 44 λιμοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 43 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 λιμοῦ | det | high | Article with λιμοῦ. |
| 44 | λιμοῦ | λιμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 τοσοῦτοι | obl | medium | Oblique agent/cause phrase with ὑπό. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |