Grammar parses for passage 10.23.13
Open translation for this passage
καὶ τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου δὲ οἱ βάρβαροι μέχρι μὲν τοῦ Σπερχειοῦ χαλεπῶς ἐκομίσθησαν, τῶν Αἰτωλῶν βιαίως σφίσιν ἐγκειμένων·
Main clause has substantivized τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου as an accusative-like temporal/topic expression; τῶν Αἰτωλῶν ... ἐγκειμένων is a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 τούτου | det | high | Substantivized article with ἀπό phrase. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 4 τούτου | case | high | |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | obl | medium | Substantivized τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου, ‘what followed from this’. |
| 5 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | cc | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 βάρβαροι | det | high | |
| 7 | βάρβαροι | βάρβαρος | NOUN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 8 | μέχρι | μέχρι | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Σπερχειοῦ | case | high | Temporal limit. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 μέχρι | advmod | high | Correlative μέν anticipates contrast. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 Σπερχειοῦ | det | high | |
| 11 | Σπερχειοῦ | Σπερχειός | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | obl | high | Genitive governed by μέχρι. |
| 12 | χαλεπῶς | χαλεπῶς | ADV | D-A | _ | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | ἐκομίσθησαν | κομίζω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive ‘were conveyed/transported’. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | punct | high | |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Αἰτωλῶν | det | high | |
| 16 | Αἰτωλῶν | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐγκειμένων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 17 | βιαίως | βιαίως | ADV | D-A | _ | 19 ἐγκειμένων | advmod | high | Forcefully, violently. |
| 18 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 19 ἐγκειμένων | iobj | medium | Reflexive/third-person pronoun; dative with ἐγκειμένων. |
| 19 | ἐγκειμένων | ἔγκειμαι | VERB | V-PNP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute: ‘while the Aetolians pressed upon them violently’. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐκομίσθησαν | punct | high |