Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.23.3

Sentence 1

10.23.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 42
Input: 978
Output: 3,095
Total: 4,073

ἀπέθανον δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν παρὰ τὸ ἔργον τῶν Φωκέων ἄλλοι τε ἀριθμὸν πολλοὶ καὶ Ἀλεξίμαχος, ὃς ἐν τῇ μάχῃ ταύτῃ μάλιστα Ἑλλήνων ἡλικίας τε τῷ ἀκμάζοντι καὶ ἰσχύι σώματος καὶ τῷ ἐρρωμένῳ τοῦ θυμοῦ κατεχρήσατο ἐς τῶν βαρβάρων τὸν φόνον·

The main predicate ἀπέθανον governs the coordinated subjects ἄλλοι ... πολλοὶ and Ἀλεξίμαχος; ὃς introduces a relative clause whose subject is Ἀλεξίμαχος. The phrase παρὰ τὸ ἔργον τῶν Φωκέων is interpreted adverbially as ‘in addition to the deed/action of the Phocians’; κατεχρήσατο takes instrumental datives and εἰς with accusative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀπέθανον	ἀποθνῄσκω	VERB	V-2AAI-3P	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Plural\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀπέθανον	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 ἄλλοι	cc	high	Coordinates the first subject phrase with the following Ἀλεξίμαχος.
4	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	7 ἔργον	nmod	medium	Partitive/genitive referring to the Phocians.
5	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	P	_	7 ἔργον	case	high
6	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	7 ἔργον	det	high
7	ἔργον	ἔργον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	10 ἄλλοι	obl	medium	Accusative after παρά; construed adverbially, ‘besides/in addition to the action’.
8	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	9 Φωκέων	det	high
9	Φωκέων	Φωκεύς	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	7 ἔργον	nmod	high
10	ἄλλοι	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-NPM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	1 ἀπέθανον	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective.
11	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 ἄλλοι	cc	high
12	ἀριθμὸν	ἀριθμός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	13 πολλοὶ	advmod	medium	Accusative of measure/extent with πολλοί, ‘many in number’.
13	πολλοὶ	πολύς	ADJ	A-NPM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	10 ἄλλοι	conj	medium	Predicative/appositional expansion of ἄλλοι.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 Ἀλεξίμαχος	cc	high
15	Ἀλεξίμαχος	Ἀλεξίμαχος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	1 ἀπέθανον	conj	high
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 Ἀλεξίμαχος	punct	high
17	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nominative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	36 κατεχρήσατο	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun referring to Ἀλεξίμαχος.
18	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	20 μάχῃ	case	high
19	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	20 μάχῃ	det	high
20	μάχῃ	μάχη	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	36 κατεχρήσατο	obl	high
21	ταύτῃ	οὗτος	DET	A-DSF	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	20 μάχῃ	det	high	Demonstrative determiner.
22	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV	Degree=Superlative	36 κατεχρήσατο	advmod	high
23	Ἑλλήνων	Ἕλλην	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	24 ἡλικίας	nmod	high	Partitive genitive with the superlative notion.
24	ἡλικίας	ἡλικία	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	27 ἀκμάζοντι	obl	low	Genitive form is syntactically difficult; likely an elliptical/comparative genitive or textual variant, linked semantically to ἀκμάζοντι.
25	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	24 ἡλικίας	cc	medium	Correlative particle; coordination is semantically with the following instrumental phrase.
26	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	27 ἀκμάζοντι	det	high
27	ἀκμάζοντι	ἀκμάζω	VERB	V-PAP-DSM	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masculine\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Active	36 κατεχρήσατο	obl	medium	Substantivized participle, probably ‘the prime of age’; agreement with τῷ is masculine, while ἡλικίας is difficult.
28	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἰσχύι	cc	high
29	ἰσχύι	ἰσχύς	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dative\|Gender=Feminine\|Number=Singular	36 κατεχρήσατο	obl	high	Instrumental dative.
30	σώματος	σῶμα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	29 ἰσχύι	nmod	high	Genitive of specification.
31	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	33 ἐρρωμένῳ	cc	high
32	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSN	Case=Dative\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Singular	33 ἐρρωμένῳ	det	high
33	ἐρρωμένῳ	ἐρρώμαι	VERB	V-PMP-DSN	Case=Dative\|Gender=Neuter\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Singular\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	36 κατεχρήσατο	obl	medium	Substantivized participle, ‘the vigor/strength’; form and lexical analysis are somewhat uncertain.
34	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	35 θυμοῦ	det	high
35	θυμοῦ	θυμός	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	33 ἐρρωμένῳ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on the substantivized participle.
36	κατεχρήσατο	καταχράομαι	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Middle	1 ἀπέθανον	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate; middle καταχράομαι governs a dative of means and εἰς with accusative.
37	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	41 φόνον	case	high
38	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	39 βαρβάρων	det	high
39	βαρβάρων	βάρβαρος	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Genitive\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Plural	41 φόνον	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the barbarians’.
40	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	41 φόνον	det	high
41	φόνον	φόνος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Accusative\|Gender=Masculine\|Number=Singular	36 κατεχρήσατο	obl	high	Accusative complement of εἰς.
42	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀπέθανον	punct	high

Passage 10.23.3