Grammar parses for passage 10.23.5
Open translation for this passage
ἅμα δὲ τῷ ἡλίῳ ἀνίσχοντι οἱ Ἕλληνες ἐπῄεσάν σφισιν ἐκ τῶν Δελφῶν, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ στράτευμα εὐθεῖαν, οἱ Φωκεῖς δὲ ἅτε καὶ μᾶλλον ἔχοντες τῶν χωρίων ἐμπείρως κατέβησάν τε διὰ τῆς χιόνος κατὰ τὰ ἀπότομα τοῦ Παρνασσοῦ καὶ ἔλαθον κατὰ νώτου γενόμενοι τοῖς Κελτοῖς, ἠκόντιζόν τε ἐς αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐτόξευον σὺν οὐδενὶ ἀπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων δείματι.
Main clause has a chain of coordinated verbs; several participial phrases are circumstantial, and εὐθεῖαν / κατὰ νώτου involve elliptical or idiomatic directional usage.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἀνίσχοντι | case | high | Temporal preposition/adverbial particle with dative participial phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἡλίῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | ἡλίῳ | ἥλιος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνίσχοντι | obl | high | Dative subject of participle. |
| 5 | ἀνίσχοντι | ἀνίσχω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | obl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἕλληνες | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | nsubj | high | Ethnonym treated as proper noun. |
| 8 | ἐπῄεσάν | ἐπῄειμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 9 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/reference. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 12 Δελφῶν | case | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 Δελφῶν | det | high | |
| 12 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | obl | high | Source/boundary phrase with ἐκ. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | punct | high | |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἄλλοι | det | high | |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἄλλοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject phrase. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 εὐθεῖαν | det | high | |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 21 εὐθεῖαν | case | high | |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 στράτευμα | det | high | |
| 20 | στράτευμα | στράτευμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 εὐθεῖαν | obl | high | |
| 21 | εὐθεῖαν | εὐθεῖα | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | obj | medium | Likely adverbial/elliptical phrase modifying direction; form agrees with implied ὁδόν or similar. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἄλλοι | punct | high | |
| 23 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 Φωκεῖς | det | high | |
| 24 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 κατέβησάν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέβησάν. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 Φωκεῖς | discourse | high | |
| 26 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἔχοντες | mark | high | Causal/explanatory marker with participle. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 28 μᾶλλον | advmod | medium | Modifies comparison degree 'more'. |
| 28 | μᾶλλον | μᾶλλον | ADV | _ | _ | 29 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | |
| 29 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 Φωκεῖς | advcl | high | Causal participle modifying Φωκεῖς. |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 χωρίων | det | high | |
| 31 | χωρίων | χωρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Genitive complement of ἔχω. |
| 32 | ἐμπείρως | ἐμπείρως | ADV | _ | _ | 29 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | |
| 33 | κατέβησάν | καταβαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | conj | high | Coordinated main verb. |
| 34 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 33 κατέβησάν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 35 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 37 χιόνος | case | high | |
| 36 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 37 χιόνος | det | high | |
| 37 | χιόνος | χιών | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 κατέβησάν | obl | high | |
| 38 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 40 ἀπότομα | case | high | |
| 39 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 40 ἀπότομα | det | high | |
| 40 | ἀπότομα | ἀπότομος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 κατέβησάν | obl | high | |
| 41 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 Παρνασσοῦ | det | high | |
| 42 | Παρνασσοῦ | Παρνασσός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 ἀπότομα | nmod | high | |
| 43 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 44 ἔλαθον | cc | high | |
| 44 | ἔλαθον | λανθάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 33 κατέβησάν | conj | high | Coordinated verb. |
| 45 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 46 νώτου | case | high | |
| 46 | νώτου | νῶτον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 47 γενόμενοι | obl | medium | Likely adverbial/genitive of position with 'from behind/on the back'. |
| 47 | γενόμενοι | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 44 ἔλαθον | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 48 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 49 Κελτοῖς | det | high | |
| 49 | Κελτοῖς | Κελτός | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἔλαθον | iobj | high | Dative target/affected party. |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 ἔλαθον | punct | high | |
| 51 | ἠκόντιζόν | ἀκοντίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 44 ἔλαθον | conj | high | Another coordinated verb in the series. |
| 52 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 51 ἠκόντιζόν | discourse | high | |
| 53 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 54 αὐτοὺς | case | high | |
| 54 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 51 ἠκόντιζόν | obl | high | |
| 55 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 56 ἐτόξευον | cc | high | |
| 56 | ἐτόξευον | τοξεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 51 ἠκόντιζόν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἠκόντιζον. |
| 57 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | _ | _ | 62 δείματι | case | high | |
| 58 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 62 δείματι | det | high | Indefinite/negative determiner with noun. |
| 59 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 61 βαρβάρων | case | high | |
| 60 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 61 βαρβάρων | det | high | |
| 61 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 62 δείματι | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 62 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 56 ἐτόξευον | obl | high | Dative of circumstance/means with prepositional modifier. |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπῄεσάν | punct | high |