Grammar parses for passage 10.23.6
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ καὶ ὁ Βρέννος ἔλαβε τραύματα, ἐκεῖνον μὲν λιποψυχήσαντα ἐκκομίζουσιν ἐκ τῆς μάχης, οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι πανταχόθεν σφίσιν ἐγκειμένων τῶν Ἑλλήνων ὑπέφευγόν τε ἄκοντες καὶ ἑαυτῶν τοὺς ἀδυνάτους διὰ τραύματα ἕπεσθαι καὶ ἀρρωστίαν φονεύουσιν.
Two coordinated clauses: temporal ὡς-clause; ἐκεῖνον λιποψυχήσαντα is an accusative participial supplement/object-like construction with ἐκκομίζουσιν. In the second clause, genitive absolute πανταχόθεν σφίσιν ἐγκειμένων τῶν Ἑλλήνων is concessive/circumstantial; ὑπέφευγον coordinates with φονεύουσιν, while ἄκοντες is predicative and ἑαυτῶν τοὺς ἀδυνάτους is the object of φονεύουσιν. The exact attachment of σφίσιν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 6 ἔλαβε | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔλαβε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔλαβε | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Βρέννος | det | high | |
| 5 | Βρέννος | Βρέννος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔλαβε | nsubj | high | Personal name. |
| 6 | ἔλαβε | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 12 ἐκκομίζουσιν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-clause. |
| 7 | τραύματα | τραῦμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔλαβε | obj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔλαβε | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐκεῖνον | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | RD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 ἐκκομίζουσιν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object-like participant of the participial construction. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 12 ἐκκομίζουσιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 11 | λιποψυχήσαντα | λιποψυχέω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐκεῖνον | acl | medium | Accusative aorist participle agreeing with ἐκεῖνον. |
| 12 | ἐκκομίζουσιν | ἐκκομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; subject is understood/implicit. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 15 μάχης | case | high | |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 μάχης | det | high | |
| 15 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐκκομίζουσιν | obl | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐκκομίζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 βάρβαροι | det | high | |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | cc | high | Correlative μέν–δέ. |
| 19 | βάρβαροι | βάρβαρος | NOUN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 20 | πανταχόθεν | πανταχόθεν | ADV | D | _ | 22 ἐγκειμένων | advmod | high | |
| 21 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 22 ἐγκειμένων | obl | low | Dative reflexive pronoun; attachment/semantic role is uncertain. |
| 22 | ἐγκειμένων | ἔγκειμαι | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute participle, with τῶν Ἑλλήνων. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 Ἑλλήνων | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐγκειμένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 25 | ὑπέφευγόν | ὑποφεύγω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First coordinated predicate; coordination with φονεύουσιν is syntactically compressed. |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 27 | ἄκοντες | ἄκων | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective, ‘unwillingly’; could alternatively be treated as an adverbial modifier. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 φονεύουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 29 | ἑαυτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | RP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 31 ἀδυνάτους | nmod:poss | high | Reflexive possessive genitive, ‘of their own’. |
| 30 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 ἀδυνάτους | det | high | |
| 31 | ἀδυνάτους | ἀδύνατος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 φονεύουσιν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 32 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 33 τραύματα | case | high | With accusative, expressing cause. |
| 33 | τραύματα | τραῦμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 37 φονεύουσιν | obl | high | Cause of incapacity/death. |
| 34 | ἕπεσθαι | ἕπομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 31 ἀδυνάτους | acl | medium | Infinitive dependent on ἀδυνάτους: unable to follow. |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 36 ἀρρωστίαν | cc | high | Coordinates causes. |
| 36 | ἀρρωστίαν | ἀρρωστία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 φονεύουσιν | obl | high | Second cause coordinated with τραύματα. |
| 37 | φονεύουσιν | φονεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | conj | medium | Coordinated predicate; tense differs from ὑπέφευγον in the transmitted text. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ὑπέφευγόν | punct | high |