Grammar parses for passage 10.24.1
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ οὕτω γενόμενα ἴστω τις·
The neuter plural ταῦτα is the object of γενόμενα understood substantivally and is resumed as the accusative object of ἴστω; γενόμενα is an agreeing supplementary participle with ταῦτα, while τις is the nominative subject of the imperative ἴστω.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | RD---NA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 5 γενόμενα | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D------ | _ | 6 ἴστω | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | D------ | _ | 6 ἴστω | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 5 γενόμενα | advmod | high | |
| 5 | γενόμενα | γίγνομαι | VERB | AAMPNA-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἴστω | xcomp | high | Supplementary participle agreeing with ταῦτα; construed as predicative/complementary with ἴστω. |
| 6 | ἴστω | οἶδα | VERB | X--3S-IM- | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form imperative with present-like meaning ‘let it be known’. |
| 7 | τις | τις | PRON | RI---MN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 6 ἴστω | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἴστω | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ τῷ προνάῳ τῷ ἐν Δελφοῖς γεγραμμένα ἐστὶν ὠφελήματα ἀνθρώποις ἐς βίον, ἐγράφη δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνδρῶν οὓς γενέσθαι σοφοὺς λέγουσιν Ἕλληνες.
Main clause has a locative ἐν-phrase and a neuter plural predicate γεγραμμένα ἐστίν agreeing with ὠφελήματα; the following clause is passive, with ὑπό plus agent and a relative clause whose οὓς is the accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι under λέγουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 προνάῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἐγράφη | cc | high | Connects the two clauses. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 προνάῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | προνάῳ | πρόναος | NOUN | N-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γεγραμμένα | obl | high | Object of the locative ἐν. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἐν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 7 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 7 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Ne-dpm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 προνάῳ | nmod | high | Locative modifier of προνάῳ; the second τῷ agrees with προνάῳ. |
| 8 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | X--rpn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle with ἐστίν; predicative complement. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular verb with neuter plural subject is regular. |
| 10 | ὠφελήματα | ὠφέλημα | NOUN | N-anp | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of the copular predicate. |
| 11 | ἀνθρώποις | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-dmp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὠφελήματα | iobj | medium | Dative of benefit/reference with ὠφελήματα. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 13 βίον | case | high | |
| 13 | βίον | βίος | NOUN | N-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ὠφελήματα | obl | high | Goal/domain phrase, ‘for life’. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐγράφη | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐγράφη | γράφω | VERB | V3saip--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Second coordinated clause. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἐγράφη | cc | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 18 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | Agent marker with passive ἐγράφη. |
| 18 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-gpm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐγράφη | obl:agent | high | |
| 19 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P-ram | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 20 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--anm--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 22 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 21 | σοφοὺς | σοφός | ADJ | A-am-p--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative agreeing with οὓς. |
| 22 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 ἐγράφη | ccomp | high | Reports the infinitival proposition. |
| 23 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσιν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐγράφη | punct | high |
οὗτοι δὲ ἦσαν ἐκ μὲν Ἰωνίας Θαλῆς τε Μιλήσιος καὶ Πριηνεὺς Βίας, Αἰολέων δὲ τῶν ἐν Λέσβῳ Πιττακὸς Μιτυληναῖος, ἐκ δὲ Δωριέων τῶν ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ Κλεόβουλος Λίνδιος, καὶ Ἀθηναῖός τε Σόλων καὶ Σπαρτιάτης Χίλων·
Elliptical coordination after ἦσαν: the named sages are coordinated nominative complements/subjects, with ethnic and geographic modifiers distributed across the list; ἐκ + genitive phrases indicate origin/group membership.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ἰωνίας | case | high | |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 Ἰωνίας | advmod | high | |
| 6 | Ἰωνίας | Ἰωνία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | obl | high | |
| 7 | Θαλῆς | Θαλῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | First coordinated member of the predicate nominative list. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Θαλῆς | cc | high | |
| 9 | Μιλήσιος | Μιλήσιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Θαλῆς | amod | high | Ethnic adjective in apposition to Θαλῆς. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Θαλῆς | cc | high | |
| 11 | Πριηνεὺς | Πριηνεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Βίας | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally, modifying Βίας. |
| 12 | Βίας | Βίας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Coordinated named subject/predicate nominal. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Βίας | punct | high | |
| 14 | Αἰολέων | Αἰόλιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Πιττακὸς | obl | high | Partitive/ethnic genitive, introducing the next member. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Πιττακὸς | cc | high | |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Αἰολέων | det | high | |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 Λέσβῳ | case | high | |
| 18 | Λέσβῳ | Λέσβος | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 τῶν | nmod | high | Locative modifier within the article-plus-genitive phrase. |
| 19 | Πιττακὸς | Πιττακός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | Μιτυληναῖος | Μιτυληναῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Πιττακὸς | appos | high | |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 Πιττακὸς | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 Δωριέων | case | high | |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 Κλεόβουλος | cc | high | |
| 24 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 Κλεόβουλος | obl | high | Partitive/ethnic genitive. |
| 25 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Δωριέων | det | high | |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 Ἀσίᾳ | case | high | |
| 27 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 Ἀσίᾳ | det | high | |
| 28 | Ἀσίᾳ | Ἀσία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 Δωριέων | nmod | high | |
| 29 | Κλεόβουλος | Κλεόβουλος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 30 | Λίνδιος | Λίνδιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Κλεόβουλος | appos | high | |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 Κλεόβουλος | punct | high | |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 Σόλων | cc | high | |
| 33 | Ἀθηναῖός | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 Σόλων | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally with Σόλων. |
| 34 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 Σόλων | cc | high | |
| 35 | Σόλων | Σόλων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 Σόλων | cc | high | |
| 37 | Σπαρτιάτης | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 Χίλων | amod | high | Ethnic noun used adjectivally/substantivally with Χίλων. |
| 38 | Χίλων | Χίλων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 39 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦσαν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ ἕβδομον Πλάτων ὁ Ἀρίστωνος ἀντὶ Περιάνδρου τοῦ Κυψέλου Μύσωνα κατείλοχε τὸν Χηνέα·
The sentence presents Plato’s seventh selection: Mysōn, identified as the Chēnean, in place of Periander son of Cypselus. The form κατείλοχε is treated cautiously as a perfect active verb meaning ‘has selected/listed’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article_acc_sg_masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἕβδομον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 12 κατείλοχε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἕβδομον | ἕβδομος | ADJ | adj_acc_sg_masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κατείλοχε | obj | high | Substantivized ordinal, object of κατείλοχε. |
| 4 | Πλάτων | Πλάτων | PROPN | propn_nom_sg_masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κατείλοχε | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article_nom_sg_masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀρίστωνος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀρίστωνος | Ἀρίστων | PROPN | propn_gen_sg_masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πλάτων | appos | high | Patronymic/genitive apposition: Plato, son of Ariston. |
| 7 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | prep_gen | _ | 8 Περιάνδρου | case | high | |
| 8 | Περιάνδρου | Περίανδρος | PROPN | propn_gen_sg_masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κατείλοχε | obl | high | Object of ἀντί; replacement/substitution phrase. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article_gen_sg_masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Κυψέλου | det | high | |
| 10 | Κυψέλου | Κύψελος | PROPN | propn_gen_sg_masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Περιάνδρου | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive modifier of Περιάνδρου. |
| 11 | Μύσωνα | Μύσων | PROPN | propn_acc_sg_masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κατείλοχε | obj | high | Second coordinated/paired object, the person selected instead of Periander. |
| 12 | κατείλοχε | καταλέγω | VERB | verb_ind_act_perf_3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form is orthographically/lexically difficult; interpreted as a perfect active 3sg meaning ‘has selected/listed’. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article_acc_sg_masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Χηνέα | det | high | |
| 14 | Χηνέα | Χηνέας | PROPN | propn_acc_sg_masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Μύσωνα | appos | medium | Appositional identification of Mysōn; name morphology/lexical form is somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 κατείλοχε | punct | high |
κώμη δὲ ἐν τῇ Οἴτῃ τῷ ὄρει ᾠκοῦντο αἱ Χῆναι.
The imperfect plural ᾠκοῦντο governs the plural subject αἱ Χῆναι; κώμη is retained as an initial nominative discourse/predicative noun, while ἐν τῇ Οἴτῃ τῷ ὄρει gives the location.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κώμη | κώμη | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ᾠκοῦντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ᾠκοῦντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 ὄρει | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Οἴτῃ | det | high | |
| 5 | Οἴτῃ | Οἴτη | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὄρει | nmod | high | Mountain name in the dative after ἐν. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὄρει | det | high | |
| 7 | ὄρει | ὄρος | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ᾠκοῦντο | obl | high | Appositional/specifying dative phrase with Οἴτῃ: ‘on Mount Oeta’. |
| 8 | ᾠκοῦντο | οἰκέω | VERB | v3plia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form is third-person plural imperfect active; the plural subject αἱ Χῆναι is clause-final. The lexical sense is ‘were inhabited/settled’, with κώμη possibly an initial predicative or discourse-introducing noun. |
| 9 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 Χῆναι | det | high | |
| 10 | Χῆναι | Χῆναι | PROPN | n-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ᾠκοῦντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic/place name, nominative plural. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ᾠκοῦντο | punct | high |
οὗτοι οὖν οἱ ἄνδρες ἀφικόμενοι ἐς Δελφοὺς ἀνέθεσαν τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι τὰ ᾀδόμενα Γνῶθι σαυτὸν καὶ Μηδὲν ἄγαν.
The neuter article-plus-participle τὰ ᾀδόμενα is the object of ἀνέθεσαν and introduces the two quoted maxims; the quotations are attached appositionally to that substantivized phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἄνδρες | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | DPP | _ | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Inferential particle; relation treated as discourse. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | DA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἄνδρες | det | high | |
| 4 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἀφικόμενοι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle, circumstantial. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 7 Δελφοὺς | case | high | |
| 7 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀφικόμενοι | obl | high | Place name in the plural. |
| 8 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀπόλλωνι | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀπόλλωνι | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | iobj | high | |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DA-NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ᾀδόμενα | det | high | Article substantivizes the neuter participle. |
| 12 | ᾀδόμενα | ᾄδω | VERB | V-PMP-NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | medium | Substantivized present passive participle; nominative/accusative syncretism, accusative function as object. |
| 13 | Γνῶθι | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-2AAM-2S | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ᾀδόμενα | appos | high | Imperative title/content of the sayings. |
| 14 | σαυτὸν | σεαυτοῦ | PRON | PX-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Rcp | 13 Γνῶθι | obj | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 Μηδὲν | cc | high | |
| 16 | Μηδὲν | μηδείς | PRON | PI-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Γνῶθι | conj | medium | Second coordinated maxim; analyzed as coordinated with Γνῶθι. |
| 17 | ἄγαν | ἄγαν | ADV | D | _ | 16 Μηδὲν | advmod | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |