Grammar parses for passage 10.25.11
Open translation for this passage
γέγραφε δὲ καὶ Νέστορα τῇ κεφαλῇ τε ἐπικείμενον πῖλον καὶ ἐν τῇ χειρὶ δόρυ ἔχοντα·
The sentence has Νέστορα as the accusative object of γέγραφε, with two coordinated accusative participles (ἐπικείμενον and ἔχοντα) describing him; τε ... καί coordinates the two depicted attributes.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραφε | γράφω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect active, ‘was depicting’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραφε | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 Νέστορα | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, introducing the additional object. |
| 4 | Νέστορα | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γέγραφε | obj | high | Accusative object of γέγραφε. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κεφαλῇ | det | high | |
| 6 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπικείμενον | obl | high | Dative of location/body-part with ἐπικείμενον. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐπικείμενον | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί at token 10. |
| 8 | ἐπικείμενον | ἐπίκειμαι | VERB | V-PMPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 Νέστορα | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Νέστορα. |
| 9 | πῖλον | πῖλος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπικείμενον | obj | high | Object of ἐπικείμενον. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἔχοντα | cc | high | Coordinates the two participial predicates. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 χειρὶ | case | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 χειρὶ | det | high | |
| 13 | χειρὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔχοντα | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐν. |
| 14 | δόρυ | δόρυ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἔχοντα | obj | high | Object of ἔχοντα. |
| 15 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 4 Νέστορα | conj | high | Second accusative participle agreeing with Νέστορα. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραφε | punct | high |
καὶ ἵππος κονίεσθαι μέλλοντος παρέχεται σχῆμα·
The sentence is syntactically elliptical or textually difficult: σχῆμα is the object of παρέχεται, while μέλλοντος appears genitive with the infinitive κονίεσθαι, likely an irregular or corrupt construction; the analysis is therefore provisional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 παρέχεται | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἵππος | ἵππος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | κονίεσθαι | κονίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 μέλλοντος | xcomp | medium | Present middle infinitive; exact syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 4 | μέλλοντος | μέλλω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 κονίεσθαι | nmod | low | Genitive masculine singular participle has no clear governing noun; possibly textually difficult or elliptical. |
| 5 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 παρέχεται | obj | high | Form is nominative/accusative neuter singular; analyzed as the governed object/predicate-like complement of παρέχεται. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 παρέχεται | punct | high |
ἄχρι μὲν δὴ τοῦ ἵππου αἰγιαλός τε καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ψηφῖδες ὑποφαίνονται, τὸ δὲ ἐντεῦθεν οὐκέτι ἔοικεν εἶναι θάλασσα.
The first clause has ἄχρι governing the genitive τοῦ ἵππου and a coordinated subject αἰγιαλός τε καὶ ψηφῖδες with ὑποφαίνονται; the second clause has substantivized τὸ ἐντεῦθεν as subject of ἔοικεν, with εἶναι θάλασσα as its infinitival complement. The neuter singular agreement of τὸ ... with ἔοικεν is retained despite the semantic reference to the shore/terrain; analysis of ἔοικεν as impersonal-like is possible but less likely.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | Rg | AdpType=Prep | 6 αἰγιαλός | case | high | Preposition governing the following genitive phrase. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 12 ὑποφαίνονται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired pragmatically with δέ. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 12 ὑποφαίνονται | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἵππου | det | high | Article agreeing with ἵππου. |
| 5 | ἵππου | ἵππος | NOUN | Noun | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 αἰγιαλός | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἄχρι. |
| 6 | αἰγιαλός | αἰγιαλός | NOUN | Noun | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὑποφαίνονται | nsubj | high | First coordinated nominative subject of ὑποφαίνονται. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 αἰγιαλός | cc | high | First conjunction in the coordination αἰγιαλός τε καὶ ψηφῖδες. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 11 ψηφῖδες | cc | high | Second conjunction coordinating ψηφῖδες with αἰγιαλός. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 10 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῷ. |
| 10 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3smd | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 ψηφῖδες | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν; refers to the shore area. |
| 11 | ψηφῖδες | ψηφίς | NOUN | Noun | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 αἰγιαλός | conj | high | Second coordinated subject; plural form prompts plural verb agreement. |
| 12 | ὑποφαίνονται | ὑποφαίνω | VERB | V3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate of the first clause; means ‘appear/show themselves beneath or faintly’. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὑποφαίνονται | punct | high | |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐντεῦθεν | det | medium | Article substantivizing ἐντεῦθεν as a nominal subject phrase. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 ἔοικεν | cc | high | Adversative coordinator linking the second clause to the first. |
| 16 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | Rd | PronType=Dem | 18 ἔοικεν | nsubj | medium | Adverbial form substantivized with τὸ, ‘what is hereafter/from this point’. |
| 17 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | Df | Polarity=Neg | 18 ἔοικεν | advmod | high | Negative temporal adverb, ‘no longer’. |
| 18 | ἔοικεν | ἔοικα | VERB | V3SRAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 12 ὑποφαίνονται | conj | high | Perfect of οἶδα/ἔοικα with present meaning ‘seems/is like’; governs εἶναι. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 ἔοικεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔοικεν. |
| 20 | θάλασσα | θάλασσα | NOUN | Noun | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative with εἶναι; feminine form follows the understood lexical noun rather than the neuter article. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔοικεν | punct | high |