Grammar parses for passage 10.25.4
Open translation for this passage
Βρισηὶς δὲ ἑστῶσα καὶ Διομήδη τε ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς καὶ Ἶφις πρὸ ἀμφοτέρων ἐοίκασιν ἀνασκοπούμενοι τὸ Ἑλένης εἶδος.
The coordinated subjects Βρισηΐς, Διομήδη, and Ἶφις are construed with ἐοίκασιν; ἑστῶσα is a nominative singular feminine participle agreeing with Βρισηΐς, while ἀνασκοπούμενοι is nominative plural masculine, agreeing with the coordinated human subjects. The infinitive-like accusative construction τὸ Ἑλένης εἶδος is the object of ἀνασκοπούμενοι; Διομήδη is the contracted/variant accusative form of Διομήδης used in coordination.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Βρισηὶς | Βρισηΐς | PROPN | Ne-f--s- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐοίκασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐοίκασιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἑστῶσα | ἵστημι | VERB | V--PAPNFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Βρισηὶς | amod | high | Perfect active participle, agreeing with Βρισηΐς. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 Διομήδη | cc | high | |
| 5 | Διομήδη | Διομήδης | PROPN | Ne-m---s- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐοίκασιν | conj | medium | Form is morphologically identical to accusative; nominative coordination with Ἶφις is syntactically required here. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 Διομήδη | cc | high | Correlative/postpositive coordinator. |
| 7 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 αὐτῆς | case | high | |
| 8 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P--GFS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 Διομήδη | obl | high | Genitive governed by ὑπέρ; refers to Βρισηΐς. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Ἶφις | cc | high | |
| 10 | Ἶφις | Ἶφις | PROPN | Ne-m---s- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Διομήδη | conj | high | Coordinated with Διομήδη. |
| 11 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἀμφοτέρων | case | high | |
| 12 | ἀμφοτέρων | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P--GMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual|PronType=Tot | 10 Ἶφις | obl | high | Genitive governed by πρό; dual refers to the two preceding women. |
| 13 | ἐοίκασιν | ἔοικα | VERB | V3PRAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect form with present-like stative meaning. |
| 14 | ἀνασκοπούμενοι | ἀνασκοπέω | VERB | V-PMPNM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 ἐοίκασιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative participle with ἐοίκασιν; middle/passive morphology, active sense ‘examining/observing’ is possible. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-SNA---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 εἶδος | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἑλένης | Ἑλένη | PROPN | Ne----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶδος | nmod | high | Possessive/descriptive genitive: ‘Helen’s appearance/form’. |
| 17 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-SNA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνασκοπούμενοι | obj | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐοίκασιν | punct | high |
κάθηται δὲ αὐτή τε ἡ Ἑλένη καὶ Εὐρυβάτης πλησίον·
The finite verb κάθηται is the root; αὐτή τε ἡ Ἑλένη καὶ Εὐρυβάτης form a coordinated subject, with πλησίον as a locative adverbial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κάθηται | κάθημαι | VERB | V-3SPI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κάθηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτή | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 1 κάθηται | nsubj | high | Emphatic personal pronoun/adjectival pronoun. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 αὐτή | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἑλένη | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἑλένη | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N----NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 αὐτή | conj | high | Proper name; coordinated with Εὐρυβάτης. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 Εὐρυβάτης | cc | high | Second coordinator in τε ... καί. |
| 8 | Εὐρυβάτης | Εὐρυβάτης | PROPN | N----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 αὐτή | conj | high | Proper name; coordinated subject with αὐτή τε ἡ Ἑλένη. |
| 9 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D | _ | 1 κάθηται | advmod | high | Locative adverbial modifier, ‘nearby’. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κάθηται | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ Ὀδυσσέως εἶναι κήρυκα εἰκάζομεν, οὐ μὴν εἶχεν ἤδη γένεια.
Accusative-and-infinitive complement of εἰκάζομεν: τὸν ... κήρυκα is the predicative accusative, Ὀδυσσέως a genitive dependent on κήρυκα; οὐ μήν introduces a concessive/contrastive clause with εἶχεν and γένεια as object. The antecedent of the omitted subject of εἶχεν is the κήρυκα referent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κήρυκα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 6 εἰκάζομεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ὀδυσσέως | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κήρυκα | nmod | high | |
| 4 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 εἰκάζομεν | xcomp | high | Copular infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 5 | κήρυκα | κῆρυξ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with εἶναι; also the understood subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | εἰκάζομεν | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 6 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | _ | 10 εἶχεν | advmod | high | Negates εἶχεν. |
| 9 | μὴν | μήν | PART | G- | _ | 10 εἶχεν | advmod | medium | Emphatic/contrastive particle, together with οὐ. |
| 10 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 6 εἰκάζομεν | conj | high | Contrastive coordinate clause; subject is unexpressed and refers to the κήρυξ. |
| 11 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D- | _ | 10 εἶχεν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | γένεια | γένειον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 εἶχεν | obj | high | Plural neuter accusative object of εἶχεν. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 6 εἰκάζομεν | punct | high |
θεράπαινα δὲ Ἠλέκτρα καὶ Πανθαλίς, ἡ μὲν τῇ Ἑλένῃ παρέστηκεν, ἡ δὲ ὑποδεῖ τὴν δέσποιναν ἡ Ἠλέκτρα·
The sentence has an initial nominal heading, θεράπαινα, followed by two coordinated named subjects with μέν...δέ: Ἠλέκτρα is subject of παρέστηκεν and Πανθαλίς is subject of ὑποδεῖ. The final ἡ Ἠλέκτρα is best treated as an appositional/clarifying repetition identifying the subject of ὑποδεῖ, though the transmitted wording is syntactically awkward.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θεράπαινα | θεράπαινα | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ἠλέκτρα | appos | medium | Initial nominal heading/apposition, likely ‘maidservant’; syntactically somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 Ἠλέκτρα | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἠλέκτρα | Ἠλέκτρα | PROPN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παρέστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Πανθαλίς | cc | high | |
| 5 | Πανθαλίς | Πανθαλίς | PROPN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὑποδεῖ | nsubj | medium | Coordinated nominal subject of ὑποδεῖ; the clause is interrupted by the repeated ἡ Ἠλέκτρα. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παρέστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μὲν | det | high | |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 11 παρέστηκεν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ἑλένῃ | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἑλένῃ | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παρέστηκεν | obl | high | Dative complement with παρέστηκεν, likely ‘stands by Helen’. |
| 11 | παρέστηκεν | παρίστημι | VERB | V-RIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ὑποδεῖ | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὑποδεῖ | det | high | Article likely resumes the second member of the μέν...δέ construction. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ὑποδεῖ | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὑποδεῖ | ὑποδέω | VERB | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 παρέστηκεν | conj | medium | Present indicative; exact lexical parsing of ὑποδεῖ is somewhat uncertain in this context. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 δέσποιναν | det | high | |
| 17 | δέσποιναν | δέσποινα | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὑποδεῖ | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἠλέκτρα | det | medium | Part of the final repeated noun phrase ἡ Ἠλέκτρα; its discourse function is unclear. |
| 19 | Ἠλέκτρα | Ἠλέκτρα | PROPN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὑποδεῖ | nsubj | low | Repeated subject/name after the object; likely a clarifying or corrupt appositional addition, not an independent clause subject. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παρέστηκεν | punct | high |
διάφορα δὲ καὶ ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα ἢ Ὅμηρος ἔθετο ἐν Ἰλιάδι, ἔνθα καὶ Ἑλένην καὶ ἰούσας ὁμοῦ τῇ Ἑλένῃ τὰς δούλας ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος πεποίηκεν.
The sentence contrasts the names Homer gave in the Iliad with the scene where he depicts Helen and the slave-women going together to the wall; ἰούσας is an accusative feminine plural participle agreeing with δούλας, while πεποίηκεν governs the coordinated accusative objects Ἑλένην and τὰς δούλας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ὀνόματα | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with τὰ ὀνόματα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 διάφορα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 διάφορα | cc | high | Coordinating/additive particle. |
| 4 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | DET | PD-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ὀνόματα | det | high | Demonstrative determiner agreeing with ὀνόματα. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ὀνόματα | det | high | Article agreeing with ὀνόματα. |
| 6 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N----NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔθετο | obj | high | Object of ἔθετο. |
| 7 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἔθετο | cc | high | Introduces the alternative Homeric clause. |
| 8 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔθετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔθετο. |
| 9 | ἔθετο | τίθημι | VERB | V-2ADI3S- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; middle aorist. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Ἰλιάδι | case | high | Preposition governing Ἰλιάδι. |
| 11 | Ἰλιάδι | Ἰλιάς | PROPN | N---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔθετο | obl | high | Locative/instrumental adjunct: in the Iliad. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔθετο | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 26 πεποίηκεν | advmod | high | Relative adverb meaning where/there; introduces the descriptive clause. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Ἑλένην | cc | high | Coordinates Ἑλένην with the following object. |
| 15 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 πεποίηκεν | obj | high | First accusative object of πεποίηκεν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 δούλας | cc | high | Coordinates the participial phrase with its noun. |
| 17 | ἰούσας | εἶμι | VERB | V-PAPAFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 δούλας | acl | medium | Present active participle, agreeing with δούλας; irregular form from εἶμι. |
| 18 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 ἰούσας | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἰούσας. |
| 19 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Ἑλένῃ | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἑλένῃ. |
| 20 | Ἑλένῃ | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἰούσας | obl | high | Dative complement with ὁμοῦ. |
| 21 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 δούλας | det | high | Article agreeing with δούλας. |
| 22 | δούλας | δούλη | NOUN | N---APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 πεποίηκεν | obj | high | Second accusative object of πεποίηκεν; participle ἰούσας agrees with it. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 τεῖχος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative τὸ τεῖχος, indicating motion toward. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 τεῖχος | det | high | Article agreeing with τεῖχος. |
| 25 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-ASN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἰούσας | obl | high | Goal adjunct of ἰούσας: going to the wall. |
| 26 | πεποίηκεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-RIAI3S- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἔθετο | advcl | high | Perfect active indicative in the subordinate ἔνθα clause; subject Homer understood. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔθετο | punct | high |