Grammar parses for passage 10.25.5
Open translation for this passage
κάθηται δὲ ὑπὲρ τὴν Ἑλένην πορφυροῦν ἀνὴρ ἀμπεχόμενος ἱμάτιον καὶ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα κατηφής·
The man sits above Helen; πορφυροῦν agrees with ἀνὴρ as a predicative adjective, while κατηφής is coordinated as a further predicate. ἀμπεχόμενος takes ἱμάτιον as its accusative object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κάθηται | κάθημαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 κάθηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | -------- | _ | 5 Ἑλένην | case | high | With accusative, spatial 'above'. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DAF-S-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἑλένην | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | NPF-S-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κάθηται | obl | high | |
| 6 | πορφυροῦν | πορφύρεος | ADJ | A-S---NA | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνὴρ | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with ἀνήρ; tagged as adjectival modifier. |
| 7 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κάθηται | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἀμπεχόμενος | ἀμπέχω | VERB | V-PMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 7 ἀνὴρ | acl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ἀνήρ. |
| 9 | ἱμάτιον | ἱμάτιον | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀμπεχόμενος | obj | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 14 κατηφής | cc | high | Coordinates κατηφής with the preceding predicative description. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | -------- | _ | 13 μάλιστα | case | high | |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DAN-P-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 μάλιστα | det | high | Article substantivizing the superlative phrase. |
| 13 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 14 κατηφής | obl | high | With ἐς τὰ μάλιστα, idiomatic degree phrase. |
| 14 | κατηφής | κατηφής | ADJ | A-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κάθηται | conj | medium | Coordinated predicative adjective; implicit copular relation to ἀνήρ/κάθηται. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κάθηται | punct | high |
Ἕλενον εἶναι τεκμήραιο ἂν τὸν Πριάμου καὶ πρὶν ἢ καὶ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπιλέξασθαι.
The sentence has an implicit second-person subject with τεκμήραιο, governing an infinitival content clause εἶναι Ἕλενον τὸν Πριάμου; πρὶν ἢ καί introduces a temporal comparative clause with an elided finite verb, while τὸ ἐπίγραμμα is the object of ἐπιλέξασθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἕλενον | Ἕλενος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative in the infinitival clause. |
| 2 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 τεκμήραιο | ccomp | high | Infinitival content clause governed by τεκμήραιο. |
| 3 | τεκμήραιο | τεκμαίρομαι | VERB | V-2IAI-2S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second-person middle form; interpreted as an inferential/epistemic finite verb. |
| 4 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 3 τεκμήραιο | advmod | high | Modal particle. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Πριάμου | det | high | Article with Πριάμου; together forms the accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 6 | Πριάμου | Πρίαμος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the substantivized article, ‘the one of Priam’. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πρὶν | cc | medium | Coordinates the temporal phrase with the preceding comparison context. |
| 8 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 13 ἐπιλέξασθαι | mark | medium | Temporal subordinating element introducing an infinitival clause; tagging as SCONJ despite adverbial form. |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πρὶν | cc | medium | Part of the fixed comparative/temporal sequence πρὶν ἢ. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἐπιλέξασθαι | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘even/also’, modifying the temporal infinitive. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article substantively associated with ἐπίγραμμα as its object. |
| 12 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιλέξασθαι | obj | high | Object of ἐπιλέξασθαι. |
| 13 | ἐπιλέξασθαι | ἐπιλέγομαι | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 3 τεκμήραιο | advcl | medium | Aorist middle infinitive in the temporal clause; subject is implicit and controlled by the main subject. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 τεκμήραιο | punct | high |
πλησίον δὲ τοῦ Ἑλένου Μέγης ἐστί·
Existential εἰμί has postposed subject Μέγης; πλησίον is a locative adverbial, with τοῦ Ἑλένου forming the genitive complement ‘near Helenus’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 ἐστί | advmod | high | Locative adverb used as a predicate-level adjunct. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 6 ἐστί | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἑλένου | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἑλένου | Ἕλενος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 πλησίον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πλησίον. |
| 5 | Μέγης | Μέγης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστί | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἐστί; nominative masculine singular. |
| 6 | ἐστί | εἰμί | VERB | V均PAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστί | punct | high |
τέτρωται δὲ τὸν βραχίονα ὁ Μέγης, καθὰ δὴ καὶ Λέσχεως ὁ Αἰσχυλίνου Πυρραῖος ἐν Ἰλίου πέρσιδι ἐποίησε·
The main clause has τέτρωται with retained body-part accusative τὸν βραχίονα and postposed subject ὁ Μέγης; καθὰ introduces an exemplifying comparison, with Πυρραῖος as the subject of ἐποίησε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέτρωται | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=MedPass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 τέτρωται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βραχίονα | det | high | |
| 4 | βραχίονα | βραχίων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τέτρωται | obj | high | Body-part accusative with passive/middle verb; likely retained accusative. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Μέγης | det | high | |
| 6 | Μέγης | Μέγης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τέτρωται | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τέτρωται | punct | high | |
| 8 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 18 ἐποίησε | mark | medium | Comparative/subordinate conjunction introducing the exemplifying clause. |
| 9 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 8 καθὰ | advmod | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 ἐποίησε | advmod | high | Adverbial 'also/even' in the comparison. |
| 11 | Λέσχεως | Λέσχεως | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Πυρραῖος | nmod | medium | Patronymic/name in the genitive, dependent on Πυρραῖος. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Πυρραῖος | det | high | |
| 13 | Αἰσχυλίνου | Αἰσχυλῖνος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Λέσχεως | nmod | medium | Genitive patronymic/name dependent on Λέσχεως. |
| 14 | Πυρραῖος | Πυρραῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐποίησε | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἐποίησε; appositional personal-name sequence with Λέσχεως ὁ Αἰσχυλίνου. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 πέρσιδι | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἰλίου | Ἴλιος | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 πέρσιδι | nmod | high | |
| 17 | πέρσιδι | πέρσις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐποίησε | obl | high | |
| 18 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 1 τέτρωται | advcl | high | Comparative exemplifying clause coordinated semantically with the main predication. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τέτρωται | punct | high |
τρωθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ τὴν μάχην τοῦτον, ἣν ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ἐμαχέσαντο οἱ Τρῶες, ὑπὸ Ἀδμήτου φησὶ τοῦ Αὐγείου.
The sentence is an accusative-and-infinitive report: φησὶ τρωθῆναι τοῦτον, with Ἀδμήτου τοῦ Αὐγείου as the passive agent; ὑπὸ τὴν μάχην is temporal ('during the battle').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρωθῆναι | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V--ANP- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 18 φησὶ | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησί; understood subject is τοῦτον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 τρωθῆναι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 μάχην | case | high | With accusative τὴν μάχην, temporal sense 'during'. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μάχην | det | high | |
| 5 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N--AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 τρωθῆναι | obl | high | Temporal/locative circumstance of the infinitive. |
| 6 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | P--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 τρωθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _________ | _ | 6 τοῦτον | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P---AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to μάχην. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 νυκτὶ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νυκτὶ | det | high | |
| 11 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | N--DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Temporal adjunct of ἐμαχέσαντο. |
| 12 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 5 μάχην | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying μάχην. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Τρῶες | det | high | |
| 14 | Τρῶες | Τρῶες | PROPN | N---NMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐμαχέσαντο. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _________ | _ | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἀδμήτου | case | high | Agent phrase with passive τρωθῆναι. |
| 17 | Ἀδμήτου | Ἄδμητος | PROPN | N---GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τρωθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive infinitive. |
| 18 | φησὶ | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Αὐγείου | det | high | |
| 20 | Αὐγείου | Αὐγείας | PROPN | N---GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀδμήτου | nmod | high | Patronymic/appositional genitive with Ἀδμήτου. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _________ | _ | 18 φησὶ | punct | high |