Grammar parses for passage 10.26.5
Open translation for this passage
γέγραπται δὲ βωμός τε καὶ ὑπὸ δείματος παῖς μικρὸς ἐχόμενος τοῦ βωμοῦ·
The sentence has γέγραπται as a passive impersonal/main predicate (‘is depicted/written’), with βωμός and παῖς coordinated; ἐχόμενος agrees with παῖς and takes τοῦ βωμοῦ as a genitive dependent, while ὑπό + δείματος expresses the source/cause of fear. The attachment of ὑπό δείματος is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive, impersonal/main predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | βωμός | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj | high | First coordinated nominative subject/theme of depiction. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 βωμός | cc | high | Correlative coordinator. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 παῖς | cc | high | Coordinates παῖς with βωμός; attachment follows the second conjunct. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P-GEN | _ | 10 ἐχόμενος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive δείματος. |
| 7 | δείματος | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐχόμενος | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ὑπό; source/cause of the child's being held or frightened. |
| 8 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γέγραπται | conj | high | Second coordinated nominative subject/theme. |
| 9 | μικρὸς | μικρός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 παῖς | amod | high | Agrees with παῖς. |
| 10 | ἐχόμενος | ἔχω | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 8 παῖς | acl | medium | Passive participle modifying παῖς; may be understood as ‘clinging/held’. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 βωμοῦ | det | high | Genitive article agreeing with βωμοῦ. |
| 12 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐχόμενος | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐχόμενος, ‘of/from the altar’. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
κεῖται δὲ καὶ θώραξ ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ χαλκοῦς.
The sentence has a simple existential/location structure: θώραξ χαλκοῦς is the subject, with ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ as its locative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Stative/deponent present: 'lies/is situated'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 θώραξ | cc | high | Additive coordinating particle. |
| 4 | θώραξ | θώραξ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of κεῖται. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 βωμῷ | case | high | Takes the dative here, expressing location. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βωμῷ | det | high | Article modifying βωμῷ. |
| 7 | βωμῷ | βωμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | obl | high | Locative oblique complement of κεῖται. |
| 8 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 θώραξ | amod | high | Agrees with θώραξ; means bronze. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high |
κατὰ δὴ ἐμὲ σπάνιον τῶν θωράκων τὸ σχῆμα ἦν τούτων, τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον ἔφερον αὐτούς.
The first clause has an idiomatic κατὰ ἐμέ parenthetical viewpoint and a postponed/genitival specification τῶν θωράκων; τούτων is demonstrative genitive agreeing with θωράκων. In the second clause τὸ ἀρχαῖον is substantivized and αὐτούς is the object of ἔφερον, with the understood subject referring to the armor/breastplates.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 ἐμὲ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | D | _ | 4 σπάνιον | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἐμὲ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1-S A | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 4 σπάνιον | obl | high | κατὰ ἐμέ is an idiomatic viewpoint adjunct. |
| 4 | σπάνιον | σπάνιος | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with neuter σχῆμα; syntactically linked to ἦν. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA---GNP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 θωράκων | det | high | |
| 6 | θωράκων | θώραξ | NOUN | N---GNP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 σχῆμα | nmod | medium | Genitive specifies the class/identification of σχῆμα. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 σχῆμα | det | high | |
| 8 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | N---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD---GNP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 θωράκων | det | medium | Genitive demonstrative agreeing with θωράκων; appositional/specifying force. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA---NAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article substantivizes ἀρχαῖον. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἔφερον | cc | high | Adversative coordinator introducing the second clause. |
| 14 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἔφερον | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, object of ἔφερον; elliptical sense ‘the ancient [type/design]’. |
| 15 | ἔφερον | φέρω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 9 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated verb; subject is understood from context, referring to the breastplates. |
| 16 | αὐτούς | αὐτός | PRON | P-----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 15 ἔφερον | obj | high | Refers to θώρακες/θώρακες understood. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high |
δύο ἦν χαλκᾶ ποιήματα, τὸ μὲν στέρνῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὴν γαστέρα ἁρμόζον, τὸ δὲ ὡς νώτου σκέπην εἶναι ---γύαλα ἐκαλοῦντο---·
The sentence has two substantivized τὸ phrases coordinated by μὲν...δέ; the second is an elliptical/explanatory ὡς + infinitive construction, and the dashed γύαλα clause is parenthetical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δύο | δύο | NUM | Card | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ποιήματα | nummod | high | |
| 2 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V- Impf Act Ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 4 ποιήματα | cop | high | |
| 3 | χαλκᾶ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NomAcc Pl Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ποιήματα | amod | high | |
| 4 | ποιήματα | ποίημα | NOUN | N-NomAcc Pl Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ποιήματα | punct | high | |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-NomAcc Sg Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἁρμόζον | det | high | Substantivized article, first member of μὲν...δέ. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Adv | _ | 14 ἁρμόζον | cc | high | |
| 8 | στέρνῳ | στέρνον | NOUN | N-Dat Sg Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἁρμόζον | obl | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 11 ἀμφὶ | cc | high | |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat Pl Neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἀμφὶ | det | high | Article introducing substantivized ἀμφί phrase. |
| 11 | ἀμφὶ | ἀμφί | ADP | P | _ | 14 ἁρμόζον | obl | high | With τοῖς...γαστέρα; coordinated with στέρνῳ. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc Sg Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γαστέρα | det | high | |
| 13 | γαστέρα | γαστήρ | NOUN | N-Acc Sg Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀμφὶ | obl | high | Object of ἀμφί. |
| 14 | ἁρμόζον | ἁρμόζω | VERB | V-Pres Act Ptcp NomAcc Sg Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ποιήματα | acl | high | Participial modifier of substantivized τὸ, with dative complements. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἁρμόζον | punct | high | |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-NomAcc Sg Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 εἶναι | det | high | Substantivized article, second member of μὲν...δέ. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 21 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 18 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Conj | _ | 21 εἶναι | mark | medium | Introduces an explanatory/equative infinitival phrase. |
| 19 | νώτου | νῶτον | NOUN | N-Gen Sg Neut | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 σκέπην | nmod | high | |
| 20 | σκέπην | σκέπη | NOUN | N-Acc Sg Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative subject/predicate complement of εἶναι; exact attachment within the ὡς phrase is uncertain. |
| 21 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-Pres Act Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 ποιήματα | acl | medium | Infinitival modifier of the second substantivized τὸ. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 25 | γύαλα | γύαλον | NOUN | N-NomAcc Pl Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκαλοῦντο. |
| 26 | ἐκαλοῦντο | καλέω | VERB | V-Impf Mid Ind 3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 4 ποιήματα | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause: ‘they were called γύαλα’. |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ποιήματα | punct | high |
τὸ μὲν ἔμπροσθεν τὸ δὲ ὄπισθεν προσῆγον, ἔπειτα περόναι συνῆπτον πρὸς ἄλληλα.
The first verb coordinates two substantivized adverbial objects (‘the front part’ and ‘the rear part’); συνῆπτον then adds a second imperfect clause with περόναι as subject and πρός ἄλληλα as its complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔμπροσθεν | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 7 προσῆγον | cc:preconj | high | Correlative particle introducing the first member of μέν ... δέ. |
| 3 | ἔμπροσθεν | ἔμπροσθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 προσῆγον | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter adverbial expression, ‘the front part’; object of προσῆγον. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὄπισθεν | det | high | |
| 5 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 προσῆγον | cc | high | Second member of μέν ... δέ. |
| 6 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 προσῆγον | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter adverbial expression, ‘the rear part’; object of προσῆγον. |
| 7 | προσῆγον | προσάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect active, 3rd plural; subject is understood from context. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προσῆγον | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔπειτα | ἔπειτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 συνῆπτον | advmod | high | |
| 10 | περόναι | περόνη | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 συνῆπτον | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | συνῆπτον | συνάπτω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 7 προσῆγον | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect active verb. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 ἄλληλα | case | high | |
| 13 | ἄλληλα | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 11 συνῆπτον | obl | high | Reciprocal pronoun governed by πρός. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 συνῆπτον | punct | high |