Grammar parses for passage 10.27.3
Open translation for this passage
γέγραπται δὲ καὶ ἄλλος τεθνεώς· ὄνομά οἱ Ἔρεσος·
The clause after the first interpunct is elliptical and somewhat uncertain; ὄνομά οἱ Ἔρεσος may be a fragmentary naming formula with omitted copula/verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-3SRPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Periphrastic/stative perfect passive form used as main predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἄλλος | cc | medium | Likely coordinates ἄλλος with an implied previous element or appositional phrase. |
| 4 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τεθνεώς | amod | medium | Probably adjectival to τεθνεώς, though sense may be substantival 'another'. |
| 5 | τεθνεώς | θνῄσκω | VERB | V-RAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj | high | Perfect active participle functioning substantively as subject. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high | Interpunct. |
| 7 | ὄνομά | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely beginning of a second clause with omitted copula/verb. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-S3NS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 Ἔρεσος | det | low | Likely enclitic dative pronoun 'to him'; form is ambiguous and may reflect epigraphic/nonstandard syntax. |
| 9 | Ἔρεσος | Ἔρεσος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὄνομά | nsubj | medium | Proper name; may function as apposition/predicate of ὄνομά rather than subject. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὄνομά | punct | high | Interpunct. |
τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἔρεσόν τε καὶ Λαομέδοντα, ὅσα γε ἡμεῖς ἐπιστάμεθα, ᾖσεν οὐδείς.
The syntax is slightly elliptical: τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἔρεσόν τε καὶ Λαομέδοντα is treated as a fronted object phrase, and ὅσα γε ἡμεῖς ἐπιστάμεθα as a relative clause with ὅσα functioning as the clause-internal object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | - | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 ᾖσεν | obj | medium | Likely the article with an ellipsed neuter plural object. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | - | _ | 14 ᾖσεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | - | _ | 14 ᾖσεν | case | high | Preposition governing Ἔρεσόν and Λαομέδοντα. |
| 4 | Ἔρεσόν | Ἔρεσος | PROPN | - | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ᾖσεν | obl | high | Proper noun governed by ἐς. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | - | _ | 4 Ἔρεσόν | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective coordinating with καὶ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | - | _ | 4 Ἔρεσόν | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 7 | Λαομέδοντα | Λαομέδων | PROPN | - | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἔρεσόν | conj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐς. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | - | _ | 14 ᾖσεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | - | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 14 ᾖσεν | obj | medium | Interpreted as internal object of ἐπιστάμεθα / relative phrase 'as many as'. |
| 10 | γε | γε | PART | - | _ | 9 ὅσα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 11 | ἡμεῖς | ἐγώ | PRON | - | Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐπιστάμεθα | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπιστάμεθα. |
| 12 | ἐπιστάμεθα | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | - | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 9 ὅσα | acl:relcl | medium | Finite relative clause modifying ὅσα. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | - | _ | 14 ᾖσεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ᾖσεν | ἀείδω | VERB | - | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 15 | οὐδείς | οὐδείς | PRON | - | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 ᾖσεν | nsubj | high | Explicit negative subject. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | - | _ | 14 ᾖσεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ οἰκία τε ἡ Ἀντήνορος καὶ παρδάλεως κρεμάμενον δέρμα ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐσόδου, σύνθημα εἶναι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἀπέχεσθαι σφᾶς οἴκου τοῦ Ἀντήνορος.
The sentence has an existential opening followed by a loosely attached explanatory/purpose infinitival clause introduced by σύνθημα, with some syntactic looseness around δέρμα and the infinitival phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main existential/copular verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἰκία | οἰκία | NOUN | N-SF-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 3 οἰκία | cc | medium | Correlative/additive particle attached to οἰκία. |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L-SF-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀντήνορος | det | high | Article with Ἀντήνορος. |
| 6 | Ἀντήνορος | Ἀντήνωρ | PROPN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 οἰκία | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of οἰκία. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 δέρμα | cc | high | Connects coordinated nominative/accusative elements. |
| 8 | παρδάλεως | παρδάλεως | NOUN | N-SF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 δέρμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of δέρμα. |
| 9 | κρεμάμενον | κρεμάννυμι | VERB | V-PPP-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 δέρμα | amod | high | Participial modifier of δέρμα. |
| 10 | δέρμα | δέρμα | NOUN | N-AS-N | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | obj | medium | Likely object/accusative complement of implied existential construction; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 11 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἐσόδου | case | high | Preposition governing ἐσόδου. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-SF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἐσόδου | det | high | Article with ἐσόδου. |
| 13 | ἐσόδου | ἔσοδος | NOUN | N-SF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 δέρμα | nmod | high | Prepositional complement of δέρμα. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | σύνθημα | σύνθημα | NOUN | N-AS-N | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | advcl | medium | Appositional/clausal relation introducing purpose or explanation; analysis uncertain. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 σύνθημα | xcomp | high | Complement of σύνθημα. |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-PM-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | Article with Ἕλλησιν. |
| 18 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-PM-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀπέχεσθαι | obl | high | Dative with ἀπέχεσθαι. |
| 19 | ἀπέχεσθαι | ἀπέχω | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 σύνθημα | acl | high | Infinitival complement dependent on σύνθημα. |
| 20 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 ἀπέχεσθαι | obj | medium | Reflexive/third-person pronoun as object of ἀπέχεσθαι; case/function somewhat uncertain. |
| 21 | οἴκου | οἶκος | NOUN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀπέχεσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement with ἀπέχεσθαι. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Ἀντήνορος | det | high | Article with Ἀντήνορος. |
| 23 | Ἀντήνορος | Ἀντήνωρ | PROPN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 οἴκου | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of οἴκου. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
γέγραπται δὲ Θεανώ τε καὶ οἱ παῖδες, Γλαῦκος μὲν καθήμενος ἐπὶ θώρακι γυάλοις συνηρμοσμένῳ, Εὐρύμαχος δὲ ἐπὶ πέτρᾳ.
The main clause is a passive perfect with coordinated subjects; the rest is a series of appositive participial descriptions, with the final ἐπὶ πέτρᾳ phrase attached by sense to the second participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-3S--PPI- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite perfect passive form functioning as main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 γέγραπται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Θεανώ | Θεανώ | PROPN | Ne-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of γέγραπται. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 Θεανώ | cc | medium | Correlative enclitic with καί. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 3 Θεανώ | cc | high | Connects Θεανώ with οἱ παῖδες. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 παῖδες | det | high | Article modifying παῖδες. |
| 7 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 παῖδες | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 9 | Γλαῦκος | Γλαῦκος | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 καθήμενος | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of καθήμενος in appositional participial phrase. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 Γλαῦκος | discourse | medium | Correlative particle introducing first contrasted member. |
| 11 | καθήμενος | κάθημαι | VERB | V--S-PMPN- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 γέγραπται | advcl | medium | Participial clause describing Γλαῦκος. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 θώρακι | case | high | Preposition governing θώρακι. |
| 13 | θώρακι | θώραξ | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 καθήμενος | obl | high | Oblique complement of καθήμενος. |
| 14 | γυάλοις | γυάλος | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 συνηρμοσμένῳ | obl | low | Case/form suggests a dative plural phrase modifying συνηρμοσμένῳ, though syntax is somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | συνηρμοσμένῳ | συναρμόζω | VERB | V--S/PNM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 θώρακι | amod | medium | Perfect participle agreeing with θώρακι; likely adjectival modifier. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καθήμενος | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 17 | Εὐρύμαχος | Εὐρύμαχος | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 πέτρᾳ | nsubj | high | Subject of the second participial clause. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 17 Εὐρύμαχος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 20 πέτρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing πέτρᾳ. |
| 20 | πέτρᾳ | πέτρα | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καθήμενος | obl | high | Oblique complement of the participial description; attached to governing participle by coordination context. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |