Grammar parses for passage 10.28.7
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἀνωτέρω τῶν κατειλεγμένων Εὐρύνομος·
Existential/copular ἔστι introduces Εὐρύνομος as the subject; ἀνωτέρω governs the genitive phrase τῶν κατειλεγμένων, meaning 'above the aforementioned'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνωτέρω | ἄνω | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, with genitive complement. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 κατειλεγμένων | det | high | |
| 5 | κατειλεγμένων | καταλέγω | VERB | V-RPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 3 ἀνωτέρω | obl | high | Substantivized perfect passive participle: 'the things/persons mentioned above'. |
| 6 | Εὐρύνομος | Εὐρύνομος | PROPN | N-NM-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Proper name, nominative subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
δαίμονα εἶναι τῶν ἐν Ἅιδου φασὶν οἱ Δελφῶν ἐξηγηταὶ τὸν Εὐρύνομον, καὶ ὡς τὰς σάρκας περιεσθίει τῶν νεκρῶν, μόνα σφίσιν ἀπολείπων τὰ ὀστᾶ.
Infinitival clause δαίμονα εἶναι is the complement of φασίν, with τὸν Εὐρύνομον as its accusative subject/predicative noun phrase. The ὡς-clause is an explanatory/content clause coordinated with the report, and ἀπολείπων has the implied subject Εὔρυνομον; μόνα agrees with ὀστᾶ and σφίσιν is dative of reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | A-NSM? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicate noun with εἶναι; could also be analyzed as the infinitive's accusative complement. |
| 2 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασίν. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἅιδου | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 5 Ἅιδου | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἅιδου | ᾍδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 εἶναι | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ἐν. |
| 6 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐξηγηταὶ | det | high | |
| 8 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐξηγηταὶ | nmod | high | Genitive attributive: the interpreters at Delphi. |
| 9 | ἐξηγηταὶ | ἐξηγητής | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 φασὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Εὐρύνομον | det | high | |
| 11 | Εὐρύνομον | Εὔρυνομον | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 περιεσθίει | cc | high | Coordinates the following explanatory clause/participial construction. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 17 περιεσθίει | mark | medium | Introduces an explanatory/content clause; an adverbial reading is also possible. |
| 15 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 σάρκας | det | high | |
| 16 | σάρκας | σάρξ | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 περιεσθίει | obj | high | |
| 17 | περιεσθίει | περιεσθίω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 φασὶν | conj | medium | Finite verb in the ὡς-clause, with implied subject Eurynomos; some analyses treat the clause as dependent explanatory content. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 νεκρῶν | det | high | |
| 19 | νεκρῶν | νεκρός | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 σάρκας | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, genitive of the dead. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἀπολείπων | punct | high | |
| 21 | μόνα | μόνος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ὀστᾶ | amod | high | Agrees with τὰ ὀστᾶ; adverbial restrictive sense 'only'. |
| 22 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 23 ἀπολείπων | obl | medium | Dative of reference/interest, referring to the dead. |
| 23 | ἀπολείπων | ἀπολείπω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 περιεσθίει | advcl | medium | Circumstantial present participle with implied subject Eurynomos; spelling/form may reflect a textual variant. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 25 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἀπολείπων | obj | high | |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασὶν | punct | high |
ἡ δὲ Ὁμήρου ποίησις ἐς Ὀδυσσέα καὶ ἡ Μινυάς τε καλουμένη καὶ οἱ Νόστοι---μνήμη γὰρ δὴ ἐν ταύταις καὶ Ἅιδου καὶ τῶν ἐκεῖ δειμάτων ἐστὶν---ἴσασιν οὐδένα Εὐρύνομον δαίμονα.
The coordinated subjects ποίησις, Μινυάς, and Νόστοι govern οὐδένα ... δαίμονα; the parenthetical clause has μνήμη as subject, ἐστὶν as copula, and Ἅιδου/δειμάτων as genitive complements. The three hyphens are retained as punctuation tokens.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ποίησις | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ποίησις | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποίησις | nmod:poss | high | |
| 4 | ποίησις | ποίησις | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἴσασιν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 6 Ὀδυσσέα | case | high | |
| 6 | Ὀδυσσέα | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποίησις | obl | high | Scope of ποίησις; ἐς phrase is elliptical in sense. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Νόστοι | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Μινυάς | det | high | |
| 9 | Μινυάς | Μινυάς | PROPN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Νόστοι | nsubj | medium | Poem title, coordinated with ποίησις. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Μινυάς | cc | high | |
| 11 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPN-SF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 Μινυάς | acl | high | Participial modifier: 'the so-called Minyas'. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Νόστοι | cc | high | |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 Νόστοι | det | high | |
| 14 | Νόστοι | Νόστος | PROPN | N----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ποίησις | conj | high | Third coordinated subject; title treated as proper name. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 μνήμη | punct | high | |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 μνήμη | punct | high | |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 μνήμη | punct | high | |
| 18 | μνήμη | μνήμη | NOUN | N----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of parenthetical ἐστίν. |
| 19 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 μνήμη | discourse | high | Parenthetical explanatory particle. |
| 20 | δὴ | δή | PART | ADV | _ | 18 μνήμη | discourse | high | |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 22 ταύταις | case | high | |
| 22 | ταύταις | οὗτος | PRON | A----DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 18 μνήμη | obl | high | Refers to the works just named. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 Ἅιδου | cc | high | |
| 24 | Ἅιδου | Ἅιδης | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 δειμάτων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δειμάτων, 'terrors of Hades'. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 δειμάτων | cc | high | |
| 26 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 δειμάτων | det | high | |
| 27 | ἐκεῖ | ἐκεῖ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 28 δειμάτων | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying δειμάτων. |
| 28 | δειμάτων | δεῖμα | NOUN | N----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 μνήμη | nmod | high | Genitive complement of μνήμη. |
| 29 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 μνήμη | cop | high | |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἴσασιν | punct | high | |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἴσασιν | punct | high | |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἴσασιν | punct | high | |
| 33 | ἴσασιν | οἶδα | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 34 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 36 δαίμονα | det | high | Negative determiner modifying δαίμονα. |
| 35 | Εὐρύνομον | Εὐρύνομος | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 δαίμονα | amod | medium | Proper-name modifier in the accusative noun phrase. |
| 36 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἴσασιν | obj | high | |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἴσασιν | punct | high |
τοσοῦτο μέντοι δηλώσω, ὁποῖός τε ὁ Εὐρύνομος καὶ ἐπὶ ποίου γέγραπται τοῦ σχήματος· κυανοῦ τὴν χρόαν μεταξύ ἐστι καὶ μέλανος, ὁποῖαι καὶ τῶν μυιῶν αἱ πρὸς τὰ κρέα εἰσὶ προσιζάνουσαι, τοὺς δὲ ὀδόντας φαίνει, καθεζομένῳ δὲ ὑπέστρωταί οἱ δέρμα γυπός.
Relative clauses and the compressed description of Eurynomos are syntactically difficult; μεταξύ is predicative with ἐστι, while καθεζομένῳ is a dative participial adjunct and οἱ is dative possessor/benefactive with ὑπέστρωται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοσοῦτο | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 δηλώσω | obj | high | |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 δηλώσω | advmod | high | |
| 3 | δηλώσω | δηλόω | VERB | V-FIA1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 3 δηλώσω | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὁποῖός | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Εὐρύνομος | amod | medium | Predicative interrogative-relative adjective in an embedded nominal clause. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ὁποῖός | cc | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Εὐρύνομος | det | high | |
| 8 | Εὐρύνομος | Εὐρύνομος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 δηλώσω | ccomp | high | Subject of implied/copular clause coordinated with the following ἐπί phrase. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Εὐρύνομος | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 γέγραπται | case | high | |
| 11 | ποίου | ποῖος | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σχήματος | amod | high | |
| 12 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 3 δηλώσω | ccomp | medium | Perfect passive, with ἐπί + genitive indicating the depicted/inscribed surface or form. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σχήματος | det | high | |
| 14 | σχήματος | σχῆμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπὶ | obl | high | |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 3 δηλώσω | punct | high | |
| 16 | κυανοῦ | κυανός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 χρόαν | amod | medium | Genitive of description with χρόαν; ellipsis/coordination makes attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 χρόαν | det | high | |
| 18 | χρόαν | χρόα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστι | obl | medium | Accusative of respect/specification with ἐστι. |
| 19 | μεταξύ | μεταξύ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adverb meaning ‘between’; coordinated complement follows. |
| 20 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 δηλώσω | parataxis | medium | Copular clause describing χρόα; subject is implicit/elliptical. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 22 | μέλανος | μέλας | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστι | obl | medium | Genitive color term coordinated with κυανοῦ; nominal ellipsis likely. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 20 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 24 | ὁποῖαι | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 εἰσὶ | nsubj | medium | Predicate-like relative adjective agreeing with αἱ μυῖαι; clause describes their kind. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ὁποῖαι | advmod | high | |
| 26 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 27 μυιῶν | det | high | |
| 27 | μυιῶν | μυῖα | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 ὁποῖαι | nmod | high | |
| 28 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 προσιζάνουσαι | det | high | |
| 29 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 κρέα | case | high | |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 κρέα | det | high | |
| 31 | κρέα | κρέας | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 προσιζάνουσαι | obl | high | |
| 32 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 δηλώσω | parataxis | medium | Copular/existential verb for the fly description; subject αἱ with participle. |
| 33 | προσιζάνουσαι | προσιζάνω | VERB | V-PAPNPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 εἰσὶ | xcomp | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 32 εἰσὶ | punct | high | |
| 35 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 ὀδόντας | det | high | |
| 36 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 φαίνει | cc | high | |
| 37 | ὀδόντας | ὀδούς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 φαίνει | obj | high | |
| 38 | φαίνει | φαίνω | VERB | V-PIA3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 δηλώσω | parataxis | high | Subject is the described figure, Eurynomos. |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 38 φαίνει | punct | high | |
| 40 | καθεζομένῳ | καθέζομαι | VERB | V-PMPDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 42 ὑπέστρωταί | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely agreeing with the implicit figure and functioning as a circumstantial adjunct. |
| 41 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 42 ὑπέστρωταί | cc | high | |
| 42 | ὑπέστρωταί | ὑποστρώννυμι | VERB | V-RPI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 3 δηλώσω | parataxis | high | Passive perfect: a skin is spread beneath/under the seated figure. |
| 43 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-D3MS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 42 ὑπέστρωταί | iobj | medium | Dative possessor/beneficiary; form is homographic with nominative plural article. |
| 44 | δέρμα | δέρμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 ὑπέστρωταί | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 45 | γυπός | γυπός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 δέρμα | nmod | high | |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 42 ὑπέστρωταί | punct | high |