Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.3.4

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Passage 10.3.4

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1,610input tokens

3,490output tokens

Sentence 1

10.3.4 sentence 1

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καὶ ἀγῶνος τοῦ ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ μετέσχον οἱ Φωκεῖς, καὶ ὕστερον περὶ Λάμιαν καὶ ἐν Κραννῶνι ἐναντία Ἀντιπάτρου καὶ Μακεδόνων ἐμαχέσαντο·

Two coordinated finite verbs share οἱ Φωκεῖς as subject; μετέσχον governs a genitive object, while ἐμαχέσαντο takes the coordinated adverbial phrases περὶ Λάμιαν and ἐν Κραννῶνι, with ἐναντία governing genitives by opposition.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 μετέσχον	cc	high
2	ἀγῶνος	ἀγών	NOUN	N- G M S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 μετέσχον	obj	high	Genitive complement/object of μετέσχον.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T- G M S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 ἀγῶνος	det	high
4	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	5 Χαιρωνείᾳ	case	high
5	Χαιρωνείᾳ	Χαιρώνεια	PROPN	N- D F S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	2 ἀγῶνος	nmod	high	Place-name in a prepositional modifier of ἀγῶνος.
6	μετέσχον	μετέχω	VERB	V- 2A A I 3P	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T- N M P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 Φωκεῖς	det	high
8	Φωκεῖς	Φωκεύς	PROPN	N- N M P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 μετέσχον	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 μετέσχον	punct	high
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	cc	high
11	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	ADV	_	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	advmod	high	Adverbial temporal modifier.
12	περὶ	περί	ADP	PREP	_	13 Λάμιαν	case	high
13	Λάμιαν	Λαμία	PROPN	N- A F S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	obl	high	Place-name with περὶ, expressing the campaign/location.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 ἐν	cc	high	Coordinates the two locative/adverbial phrases.
15	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	16 Κραννῶνι	case	high
16	Κραννῶνι	Κραννών	PROPN	N- D M S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	obl	high	Place-name with ἐν.
17	ἐναντία	ἐναντίος	ADJ	A- A N P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	advmod	medium	Adverbialized neuter plural, ‘against/opposed to’; construed with the following genitives.
18	Ἀντιπάτρου	Ἀντίπατρος	PROPN	N- G M S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ἐναντία	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἐναντία.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 Μακεδόνων	cc	high
20	Μακεδόνων	Μακεδών	PROPN	N- G M P	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 Ἀντιπάτρου	conj	high	Coordinated genitive with Ἀντιπάτρου.
21	ἐμαχέσαντο	μάχομαι	VERB	V- 1A M I 3P	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	6 μετέσχον	conj	high	Second coordinated finite verb; subject is shared with μετέσχον.
22	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἐμαχέσαντο	punct	high

Sentence 2

10.3.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 26
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Output: 1,924
Total: 2,751

Γαλάτας δὲ καὶ τὴν Κελτικὴν στρατιὰν προθυμότατα ἠμύνοντο Ἑλλήνων, θεῷ τε τιμωροῦντες τῷ ἐν Δελφοῖς καὶ ἐς ἀπολογίαν ἅμα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τῶν ἀρχαίων ἐγκλημάτων.

The finite verb ἠμύνοντο governs the coordinated accusatives Γαλάτας and τὴν Κελτικὴν στρατιὰν; Ἑλλήνων is a genitive of protection/defence. The participial clause θεῷ ... τιμωροῦντες supplies the motive, while ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is an idiomatic parenthetical evidential phrase; ἐς ἀπολογίαν governs the genitive τῶν ἀρχαίων ἐγκλημάτων.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Γαλάτας	Γαλάτης	PROPN	A-?	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 ἠμύνοντο	obj	medium	Ethnic proper noun used substantivally as an accusative object.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	8 ἠμύνοντο	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 στρατιὰν	cc	high	Coordinates the two accusative objects.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	S----AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 Κελτικὴν	det	high
5	Κελτικὴν	Κελτικός	ADJ	A----AFS-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 στρατιὰν	amod	high
6	στρατιὰν	στρατιά	NOUN	N----AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἠμύνοντο	obj	high
7	προθυμότατα	πρόθυμος	ADV	A-----S----	Degree=Sup	8 ἠμύνοντο	advmod	high	Superlative adverb.
8	ἠμύνοντο	ἀμύνω	VERB	V3IIIMPI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
9	Ἑλλήνων	Ἕλλην	PROPN	A-----GM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 ἠμύνοντο	obl	medium	Genitive associated with ἀμύνομαι, understood as those defended/protected from or on behalf of.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 τιμωροῦντες	punct	high
11	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	N----DMS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 τιμωροῦντες	iobj	high	Dative object with τιμωρέω.
12	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	13 τιμωροῦντες	cc	high
13	τιμωροῦντες	τιμωρέω	VERB	V-PAP-NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 ἠμύνοντο	advcl	high	Present active participle, agreeing with the implicit plural subject of ἠμύνοντο.
14	τῷ	ὁ	DET	S----DMS-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 θεῷ	det	high
15	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	16 Δελφοῖς	case	high
16	Δελφοῖς	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-----DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 θεῷ	nmod	high	Locative plural in the prepositional phrase modifying θεῷ.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	19 ἀπολογίαν	cc	high	Coordinates ἐς ἀπολογίαν with the preceding participial motive.
18	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	19 ἀπολογίαν	case	high
19	ἀπολογίαν	ἀπολογία	NOUN	N----AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 τιμωροῦντες	obl	high	Purpose/result phrase.
20	ἅμα	ἅμα	ADV	D--------	_	19 ἀπολογίαν	advmod	medium	Adverb meaning simultaneously/together, associated with ἐς ἀπολογίαν.
21	ἐμοὶ	ἐγώ	PRON	P1---D-S-	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	22 δοκεῖν	iobj	high	Dative experiencer with δοκεῖν.
22	δοκεῖν	δοκέω	VERB	V--PAN----	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	19 ἀπολογίαν	parataxis	medium	Parenthetical infinitive, ‘as it seems to me’; attachment is syntactically uncertain.
23	τῶν	ὁ	DET	S----GPN-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	24 ἀρχαίων	det	high
24	ἀρχαίων	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-----GPN-	Case=Gen\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	25 ἐγκλημάτων	amod	high
25	ἐγκλημάτων	ἔγκλημα	NOUN	N-----GPN-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 ἀπολογίαν	nmod	high	Genitive complement of ἀπολογίαν: defence against ancient accusations.
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἠμύνοντο	punct	high

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