Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 10.31.12

← 10.31.1110.32.1 →

Passage 10.31.12

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
64Greek tokens
2,322input tokens
4,679output tokens
Sentence 1

10.31.12 sentence 1

Tokens
30
Input
861
Output
2,201
Total
3,062

ὑπὸ τούτῳ δὲ τῷ πίθῳ Τάνταλος καὶ ἄλλα ἔχων ἐστὶν ἀλγεινὰ ὁπόσα Ὅμηρος ἐπʼ αὐτῷ πεποίηκεν, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς πρόσεστίν οἱ καὶ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ ἐπηρτημένου λίθου δεῖμα.

The clause structure is somewhat irregular, especially the second half (οἱ καὶ τὸ ... δεῖμα), where the article/case relations are not fully straightforward.

punct conj obj cc punct det obl acl det case nsubj obj det nsubj case case cc det det cc obj advcl xcomp case obl obl cc amod nmod root 1 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 2 τούτῳ οὗτος / DET 3 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 4 τῷ ὁ / DET 5 πίθῳ πίθος / NOUN 6 Τάνταλος Τάνταλος / PROPN 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 ἄλλα ἄλλος / ADJ 9 ἔχων ἔχω / VERB 10 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 11 ἀλγεινὰ ἀλγεινός / ADJ 12 ὁπόσα ὁπόσος / PRON 13 Ὅμηρος Ὅμηρος / PROPN 14 ἐπʼ ἐπί / ADP 15 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 16 πεποίηκεν ποιέω / VERB 17 , , / PUNCT 18 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 19 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 20 αὐτοῖς αὐτός / PRON 21 πρόσεστίν πάρειμι / VERB 22 οἱ ὁ / DET 23 καὶ καί / CCONJ 24 τὸ ὁ / DET 25 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 26 τοῦ ὁ / DET 27 ἐπηρτημένου ἐπαρτάω / VERB 28 λίθου λίθος / NOUN 29 δεῖμα δεῖμα / NOUN 30 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὑπὸὑπόADPR--------Case=Acc5 πίθῳcasehighGoverned by πίθῳ in locative/grounded phrase usage.
2τούτῳοὗτοςDETPd--------Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 πίθῳdethighDemonstrative modifying πίθῳ.
3δὲδέCCONJG--------_10 ἐστὶνcchighLinking particle.
4τῷDETL--------Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 πίθῳdethighArticle with πίθῳ.
5πίθῳπίθοςNOUNN-s---md-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἐστὶνoblhighDative object of ὑπό; dependent on the predicate ἐστίν.
6ΤάνταλοςΤάνταλοςPROPNNp-s---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἐστὶνnsubjhighSubject of ἐστίν.
7καὶκαίCCONJC--------_8 ἄλλαcchighCoordinating ἄλλα.
8ἄλλαἄλλοςADJA-p---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur9 ἔχωνobjmediumLikely adverbial/inner object with ἔχων; morphology certain, syntax somewhat open.
9ἔχωνἔχωVERBV-pppamn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act10 ἐστὶνadvclhighParticipial adjunct to ἐστίν.
10ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular/verbal predicate of the clause.
11ἀλγεινὰἀλγεινόςADJA-p---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur10 ἐστὶνxcompmediumPredicate complement/result with ἐστίν; exact clause relation is somewhat interpretive.
12ὁπόσαὁπόσοςPRONPk-p---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur16 πεποίηκενobjhighInternal object of πεποίηκεν.
13ὍμηροςὍμηροςPROPNNp-s---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 πεποίηκενnsubjhighSubject of πεποίηκεν.
14ἐπʼἐπίADPR--------Case=Dat15 αὐτῷcasehighPreposition governing αὐτῷ.
15αὐτῷαὐτόςPRONPp-s---md-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 πεποίηκενoblhighOblique complement of πεποίηκεν.
16πεποίηκενποιέωVERBV3sria---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act11 ἀλγεινὰaclmediumRelative clause modifying ἀλγεινά.
17,,PUNCT__10 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
18ἐπὶἐπίADPR--------Case=Dat20 αὐτοῖςcasehighPreposition governing αὐτοῖς.
19δὲδέCCONJG--------_21 πρόσεστίνcchighLinking particle.
20αὐτοῖςαὐτόςPRONPp-p---md-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur21 πρόσεστίνoblhighOblique complement of πρόσεστίν.
21πρόσεστίνπάρειμιVERBV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act10 ἐστὶνconjmediumCoordinated with the first main clause.
22οἱDETL--------Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur29 δεῖμαdetmediumLikely article with δεῖμα; construction somewhat irregular.
23καὶκαίCCONJC--------_24 τὸcchighCoordination particle.
24τὸDETL--------Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing29 δεῖμαdethighArticle with δεῖμα.
25ἐκἐκADPR--------Case=Gen28 λίθουcasehighPreposition governing τοῦ ἐπηρτημένου λίθου.
26τοῦDETL--------Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing28 λίθουdethighArticle with λίθου.
27ἐπηρτημένουἐπαρτάωVERBV--sprm--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid28 λίθουamodmediumParticipial modifier of λίθου.
28λίθουλίθοςNOUNN-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing29 δεῖμαnmodhighDependent of δεῖμα inside the prepositional phrase.
29δεῖμαδεῖμαNOUNN-s---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing21 πρόσεστίνobjmediumObject/complement with πρόσεστίν; article usage is unusual in the transmitted text.
30..PUNCT__10 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

10.31.12 sentence 3

Tokens
20
Input
768
Output
1,457
Total
2,225

Ἀρχίλοχος δὲ οὐκ οἶδα εἴτε ἐδιδάχθη παρὰ ἄλλων τὰ ἐς τὸν λίθον εἴτε καὶ αὐτὸς ἐς τὴν ποίησιν ἐσηνέγκατο.

The sentence has two εἴτε disjunctive complement clauses dependent on οἶδα; the object τὰ ἐς τὸν λίθον is somewhat elliptical and interpreted as the object of ἐσηνέγκατο.

punct ccomp obj mark nsubj nsubj obl discourse ccomp obl case case advmod mark case det advmod det obl root 1 Ἀρχίλοχος Ἀρχίλοχος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 οὐκ οὐ / PART 4 οἶδα οἶδα / VERB 5 εἴτε εἴτε / SCONJ 6 ἐδιδάχθη διδάσκω / VERB 7 παρὰ παρά / ADP 8 ἄλλων ἄλλος / ADJ 9 τὰ ὁ / DET 10 ἐς εἰς / ADP 11 τὸν ὁ / DET 12 λίθον λίθος / NOUN 13 εἴτε εἴτε / SCONJ 14 καὶ καί / PART 15 αὐτὸς αὐτός / PRON 16 ἐς εἰς / ADP 17 τὴν ὁ / DET 18 ποίησιν ποίησις / NOUN 19 ἐσηνέγκατο εἰσφέρω / VERB 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἈρχίλοχοςἈρχίλοχοςPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 οἶδαnsubjhighSubject of οἶδα.
2δὲδέPART__4 οἶδαdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3οὐκοὐPART__4 οἶδαadvmodhighNegates οἶδα.
4οἶδαοἶδαVERBPerfActInd1SingMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb, with perfect form used as present meaning.
5εἴτεεἴτεSCONJ__6 ἐδιδάχθηmarkhighIntroduces first disjunctive embedded clause.
6ἐδιδάχθηδιδάσκωVERBAorPassInd3SingMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass4 οἶδαccomphighFirst alternative clause governed by οἶδα.
7παρὰπαράADP__8 ἄλλωνcasehighPreposition with genitive.
8ἄλλωνἄλλοςADJA__GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 ἐδιδάχθηoblhighAgent/source phrase with παρὰ.
9τὰDETL-APNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur19 ἐσηνέγκατοobjmediumLikely object of ἐσηνέγκατο, with intervening relative/prepositional phrase.
10ἐςεἰςADP__12 λίθονcasehighPreposition with accusative.
11τὸνDETRA-AMSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 λίθονdethighDeterminer of λίθον.
12λίθονλίθοςNOUNN-AMSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 τὰoblhighGoal/complement of τὰ ἐς τὸν λίθον.
13εἴτεεἴτεSCONJ__19 ἐσηνέγκατοmarkhighIntroduces second disjunctive clause.
14καὶκαίPART__15 αὐτὸςadvmodmediumIntensifying particle, likely 'even'.
15αὐτὸςαὐτόςPRONA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἐσηνέγκατοnsubjhighSubject of ἐσηνέγκατο.
16ἐςεἰςADP__18 ποίησινcasehighPreposition with accusative.
17τὴνDETRA-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 ποίησινdethighDeterminer of ποίησιν.
18ποίησινποίησιςNOUNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 ἐσηνέγκατοoblhighGoal/complement of ἐς.
19ἐσηνέγκατοεἰσφέρωVERBAorMidInd3SingMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid4 οἶδαccomphighSecond alternative clause governed by οἶδα.
20..PUNCT__4 οἶδαpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

10.31.12 sentence 4

Tokens
14
Input
693
Output
1,021
Total
1,714

τοσαύτη μὲν πλῆθος καὶ εὐπρεπείας ἐς τοσοῦτόν ἐστιν ἥκουσα ἡ τοῦ Θασίου γραφή·

The syntax is somewhat compressed: πλῆθος has coordinated/associated genitive εὐπρεπείας, while ἥκουσα seems to function as a participial modifier of γραφή rather than a finite main clause verb.

punct nsubj amod nsubj det amod nmod discourse cc case obj det nmod root 1 τοσαύτη τοσοῦτος / ADJ 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 πλῆθος πλῆθος / NOUN 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 εὐπρεπείας εὐπρέπεια / NOUN 6 ἐς εἰς / ADP 7 τοσοῦτόν τοσοῦτος / ADJ 8 ἐστιν εἰμί / VERB 9 ἥκουσα ἥκω / VERB 10 ὁ / DET 11 τοῦ ὁ / DET 12 Θασίου Θάσιος / PROPN 13 γραφή γραφή / NOUN 14 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοσαύτητοσοῦτοςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 πλῆθοςamodhighModifies πλῆθος.
2μὲνμένPART__1 τοσαύτηdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
3πλῆθοςπλῆθοςNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 ἐστινnsubjhighSubject of ἐστιν.
4καὶκαίCCONJ__5 εὐπρεπείαςcchighConnects coordinated genitives.
5εὐπρεπείαςεὐπρέπειαNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 πλῆθοςnmodhighGenitive dependent on πλῆθος.
6ἐςεἰςADP__7 τοσοῦτόνcasehighMarks complement of extent/result.
7τοσοῦτόντοσοῦτοςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 ἐστινobjmediumLikely accusative of extent with ἐς.
8ἐστινεἰμίVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular main verb.
9ἥκουσαἥκωVERB_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act13 γραφήamodmediumLikely participial modifier agreeing with γραφή; morphology/form is ambiguous but best fits context.
10DET_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 γραφήdethighDefinite article modifying γραφή.
11τοῦDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ΘασίουdethighArticle modifying Θασίου.
12ΘασίουΘάσιοςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 γραφήnmodhighGenitive modifier of γραφή.
13γραφήγραφήNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ἥκουσαnsubjhighSubject of participle ἥκουσα.
14··PUNCT__8 ἐστινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
← 10.31.1110.32.1 →