Grammar parses for passage 10.31.12
Open translation for this passage
ὑπὸ τούτῳ δὲ τῷ πίθῳ Τάνταλος καὶ ἄλλα ἔχων ἐστὶν ἀλγεινὰ ὁπόσα Ὅμηρος ἐπʼ αὐτῷ πεποίηκεν, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς πρόσεστίν οἱ καὶ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ ἐπηρτημένου λίθου δεῖμα.
The first clause has Τάνταλος as subject of ἐστίν, with ἔχων as a circumstantial participle and ἀλγεινά as an elliptical predicative description of ἄλλα; the second coordinated clause has τὸ δεῖμα as subject of πρόσεστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 πίθῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | DET | PD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πίθῳ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying πίθῳ. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πρόσεστίν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πίθῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | πίθῳ | πίθος | NOUN | N-Dat-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 πρόσεστίν | obl | high | Dative with ὑπό, locative/positional adjunct. |
| 6 | Τάνταλος | Τάνταλος | PROPN | N-Nom-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-Nom/Acc-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχων | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural: other painful things. |
| 9 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V- pres act ptcp nom sg masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστὶν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with Τάνταλος. |
| 10 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V- pres act ind 3 sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἀλγεινὰ | ἀλγεινός | ADJ | A-Nom/Acc-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἄλλα | amod | medium | Predicative/object-oriented adjective with substantivized ἄλλα; exact attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 12 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P-IndefRel-A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 πεποίηκεν | obj | high | Relative quantifier introducing the clause. |
| 13 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-Nom-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 πεποίηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 αὐτῷ | case | high | ἐπί with dative. |
| 15 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-Dat-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 πεποίηκεν | obl | high | Refers to Tantalus. |
| 16 | πεποίηκεν | ποιέω | VERB | V- perf act ind 3 sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 11 ἀλγεινὰ | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 αὐτοῖς | case | high | ἐπί with dative. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πρόσεστίν | cc | high | |
| 20 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-Dat-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 πρόσεστίν | obl | high | Refers to the preceding painful things. |
| 21 | πρόσεστίν | πρόσειμι | VERB | V- pres act ind 3 sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate; πρόσειμι means be additionally present. |
| 22 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-Dat-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing | 21 πρόσεστίν | iobj | medium | Enclitic dative pronoun, personal οἱ, ‘for him’; form is syncretic. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 δεῖμα | cc | high | |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 δεῖμα | det | high | |
| 25 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 λίθου | case | high | |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἐπηρτημένου | det | high | |
| 27 | ἐπηρτημένου | ἐπαρτάω | VERB | V- perf mp ptcp gen sg neut | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 28 λίθου | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying λίθου. |
| 28 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-Gen-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 δεῖμα | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ἐκ. |
| 29 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-Nom/Acc-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 πρόσεστίν | nsubj | high | Subject of πρόσεστιν; τὸ δεῖμα is ‘the fear’. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
Πολύγνωτος μὲν δῆλός ἐστιν ἐπακολουθήσας τῷ Ἀρχιλόχου λόγῳ·
Πολύγνωτος is the subject and ἐστιν the copular root; δῆλος is the predicate adjective. ἐπακολουθήσας is a circumstantial aorist participle agreeing with Πολύγνωτος, with τῷ Ἀρχιλόχου λόγῳ as its dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πολύγνωτος | Πολύγνωτος | PROPN | Neos-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Particle | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is implicit or supplied by context. |
| 3 | δῆλός | δῆλος | ADJ | A-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with the copula. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V- Pres Act Ind 3rd Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἐπακολουθήσας | ἐπακολουθέω | VERB | V-Aor Act Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle agreeing with Πολύγνωτος. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-Sg-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἀρχιλόχου | Ἀρχίλοχος | PROPN | Neos-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγῳ | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival modifier of λόγῳ. |
| 8 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-Dat-Sg-Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπακολουθήσας | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπακολουθήσας. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Ἀρχίλοχος δὲ οὐκ οἶδα εἴτε ἐδιδάχθη παρὰ ἄλλων τὰ ἐς τὸν λίθον εἴτε καὶ αὐτὸς ἐς τὴν ποίησιν ἐσηνέγκατο.
Main clause has οἶδα with a coordinated εἴτε...εἴτε alternative indirect question/content structure; τὰ ἐς τὸν λίθον is substantivized, with ἐς τὸν λίθον modifying the understood subject matter. The passive ἐδιδάχθη has an agent-like παρὰ ἄλλων, while αὐτός is the emphatic subject of ἐσηνέγκατο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀρχίλοχος | Ἀρχίλοχος | PROPN | N----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 οἶδα | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 οἶδα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 4 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 4 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V1PRAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect form with present meaning, ‘I know’. |
| 5 | εἴτε | εἴτε | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 6 ἐδιδάχθη | mark | high | First member of εἴτε...εἴτε alternative. |
| 6 | ἐδιδάχθη | διδάσκω | VERB | V3SAIP-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Passive clause coordinated with the following εἴτε clause. |
| 7 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 ἄλλων | case | high | With genitive, marking source/agent. |
| 8 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐδιδάχθη | obl:agent | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘others’. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐδιδάχθη | obj | medium | Substantivizes the understood subject matter; likely object of ἐδιδάχθη. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 λίθον | case | high | |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 λίθον | det | high | |
| 12 | λίθον | λίθος | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 τὰ | nmod | high | Object of ἐς, modifying τὰ. |
| 13 | εἴτε | εἴτε | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 19 ἐσηνέγκατο | mark | high | Second member of εἴτε...εἴτε alternative. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 αὐτὸς | advmod | high | Focusing adverb, ‘also/even’. |
| 15 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P---NMS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 19 ἐσηνέγκατο | nsubj | high | Emphatic nominative subject. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 18 ποίησιν | case | high | |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ποίησιν | det | high | |
| 18 | ποίησιν | ποίησις | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐσηνέγκατο | obl | high | Goal/domain complement with ἐς. |
| 19 | ἐσηνέγκατο | εἰσφέρω | VERB | V3SAMI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 οἶδα | conj | medium | Second alternative clause; middle voice. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 οἶδα | punct | high |
τοσαύτη μὲν πλῆθος καὶ εὐπρεπείας ἐς τοσοῦτόν ἐστιν ἥκουσα ἡ τοῦ Θασίου γραφή·
ἥκουσα is perfect active nominative feminine singular, agreeing with γραφή; the construction means that the Thasian painting has reached such a degree of multitude and beauty. τοσοῦτον is an accusative degree expression with ἐς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοσαύτη | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-FS-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 πλῆθος | amod | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 πλῆθος | discourse | high | Correlative particle; corresponding δέ is outside this sentence. |
| 3 | πλῆθος | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἥκουσα | obl | medium | Nominal measure/content expression with εὐπρεπείας; syntactically somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 εὐπρεπείας | cc | high | |
| 5 | εὐπρεπείας | εὐπρέπεια | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πλῆθος | conj | medium | Genitive coordinated with πλῆθος, likely partitive/qualitative. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 τοσοῦτόν | case | high | |
| 7 | τοσοῦτόν | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-NSN-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Accusative degree expression governed by ἐς. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἥκουσα | aux | high | Copular auxiliary with ἥκουσα. |
| 9 | ἥκουσα | ἱκάνω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active nominative feminine singular form, agreeing with γραφή; lexical sense ‘has reached’. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 γραφή | det | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Θασίου | det | high | |
| 12 | Θασίου | Θάσιος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γραφή | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic/name adjective substantivized as ‘of the Thasian’. |
| 13 | γραφή | γραφή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἥκουσα | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἥκουσα | punct | high |