Grammar parses for passage 10.31.7
Open translation for this passage
παρὰ δὲ τῷ Μέμνονι καὶ παῖς Αἰθίοψ πεποίηται γυμνός, ὅτι ὁ Μέμνων βασιλεὺς ἦν τοῦ Αἰθιόπων γένους.
Παρά with the dative introduces the location/context at Memnon's monument; παῖς Αἰθίοψ is the subject of the perfect passive πεποίηται, with γυμνός as a predicative adjective. ὅτι introduces the causal clause; τοῦ Αἰθιόπων γένους is a genitive phrase dependent on βασιλεύς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 Μέμνονι | case | high | With dative τῷ Μέμνονι, locative/contextual. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Μέμνονι | det | high | |
| 4 | Μέμνονι | Μέμνων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | obl | high | Dative governed by παρά. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 παῖς | cc | high | Coordinates the subject phrase. |
| 6 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive πεποίηται. |
| 7 | Αἰθίοψ | Αἰθίοψ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παῖς | appos | high | Apposition specifying the boy's ethnicity. |
| 8 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive: 'has been made/represented'. |
| 9 | γυμνός | γυμνός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποίηται | xcomp | high | Predicative secondary complement of the passive verb. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἦν | mark | high | Causal subordinator. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Μέμνων | det | high | |
| 13 | Μέμνων | Μέμνων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with copular ἦν. |
| 15 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 8 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Causal subordinate clause headed by ὅτι. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 γένους | det | high | |
| 17 | Αἰθιόπων | Αἰθίοψ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 γένους | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic noun modifying γένους. |
| 18 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 βασιλεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλεύς: king of the Ethiopian race. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 πεποίηται | punct | high |
Φρύγες δὲ καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν ἔτι ἀποφαίνουσι διʼ ἧς τὴν στρατιὰν ἤγαγε τὰ ἐπίτομα ἐκλεγόμενος τῆς χώρας·
The relative clause διʼ ἧς ... ἤγαγε modifies ὁδόν; τὰ ἐπίτομα is a substantivized neuter plural accusative, object of ἐκλεγόμενος, with τῆς χώρας dependent on it. The subject of ἤγαγε is implicit and understood as the same male leader referred to contextually.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φρύγες | Φρύξ | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | nsubj | high | Ethnic name functioning as the subject of ἀποφαίνουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ὁδὸν | cc | medium | Likely additive connective; may scope over the object phrase. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὁδὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N----AFN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀποφαίνουσι. |
| 6 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀποφαίνουσι. |
| 7 | ἀποφαίνουσι | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V- PAIA3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 ἧς | case | high | Elided form διά before a vowel. |
| 9 | ἧς | ὅς | PRON | P-SR-GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἤγαγε | obl | high | Relative pronoun governed by διά; antecedent is ὁδόν. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 στρατιὰν | det | high | |
| 11 | στρατιὰν | στρατιά | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἤγαγε | obj | high | Accusative object of ἤγαγε. |
| 12 | ἤγαγε | ἄγω | VERB | V- AIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | acl:rel | high | Relative-clause predicate; subject is implicit from context. |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπίτομα | det | high | Article with substantivized ἐπίτομα. |
| 14 | ἐπίτομα | ἐπίτομος | ADJ | A----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐκλεγόμενος | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, object of ἐκλεγόμενος; means cut-through/short routes or places. |
| 15 | ἐκλεγόμενος | ἐκλέγω | VERB | V- PMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 ἤγαγε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with the implicit masculine subject of ἤγαγε. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 χώρας | det | high | |
| 17 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπίτομα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on substantivized ἐπίτομα. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀποφαίνουσι | punct | high |
τέτμηται δὲ διὰ τῶν μονῶν ἡ ὁδός.
Passive τέτμηται has ἡ ὁδός as subject; διὰ τῶν μονῶν is a διά-phrase specifying the route through the monasteries/solitary places.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέτμηται | τέμνω | VERB | V3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 τέτμηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 5 μονῶν | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | TGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 μονῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | μονῶν | μονή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 τέτμηται | obl | high | Genitive complement of διά. |
| 6 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | TGF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὁδός | det | high | |
| 7 | ὁδός | ὁδός | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 τέτμηται | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τέτμηται | punct | high |