Grammar parses for passage 10.31.8
Open translation for this passage
κροτεῖ δὲ ταῖς χερσίν, οἷος ἂν γένοιτο ἀνδρὸς ἀγροίκου κρότος· ἐοικέναι τὸν Πάριν φήσεις τῷ ψόφῳ τῶν χειρῶν Πενθεσίλειαν παρʼ αὑτὸν καλοῦντι.
The first clause has κροτεῖ as root with an implied subject; οἷος ... κρότος is an idiomatic comparison, with ἂν γένοιτο in the relative clause. In the second clause, φήσεις governs the complementary infinitive ἐοικέναι; Πενθεσίλειαν is the accusative object of καλοῦντι, whose participial subject is understood as Πάριν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κροτεῖ | κροτέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 1 κροτεῖ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 χερσίν | det | high | |
| 4 | χερσίν | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 κροτεῖ | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κροτεῖ | punct | high | |
| 6 | οἷος | οἷος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κρότος | amod | medium | Predicative/relative adjective modifying κρότος. |
| 7 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | _ | 8 γένοιτο | advmod | high | Modal particle. |
| 8 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AOI-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 οἷος | acl:relcl | high | Optative in relative clause. |
| 9 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀγροίκου | nmod | high | |
| 10 | ἀγροίκου | ἀγροῖκος | ADJ | A-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 11 | κρότος | κρότος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κροτεῖ | nsubj | medium | Subject of an understood/copular comparative expression; κροτεῖ has an understood subject. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κροτεῖ | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐοικέναι | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 16 φήσεις | ccomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by φήσεις. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Πάριν | det | high | |
| 15 | Πάριν | Πάρις | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐοικέναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 16 | φήσεις | φημί | VERB | V-FAI-2S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause; paratactically coordinated with the first clause. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ψόφῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | ψόφῳ | ψόφος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐοικέναι | obl | high | Dative complement with ἐοικέναι. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 χειρῶν | det | high | |
| 20 | χειρῶν | χείρ | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ψόφῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ψόφος. |
| 21 | Πενθεσίλειαν | Πενθεσίλεια | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 καλοῦντι | obj | high | Object of καλοῦντι. |
| 22 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 24 καλοῦντι | case | high | Elided form of παρά. |
| 23 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-AM3S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 22 παρʼ | obl | high | Accusative after παρά in the sense 'to/near himself'. |
| 24 | καλοῦντι | καλέω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ψόφῳ | acl | medium | Participial modifier with dative ψόφῳ; semantically the sound of hands calling Penthesilea, with implied subject/coreference to Paris. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 φήσεις | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἡ Πενθεσίλεια ὁρῶσα ἐς τὸν Πάριν, τοῦ προσώπου δὲ ἔοικε τῷ νεύματι ὑπερορᾶν τε αὐτὸν καὶ ἐν οὐδενὸς τίθεσθαι λόγῳ.
The second clause has ἔοικε with dative τῷ νεύματι and coordinated infinitives ὑπερορᾶν ... καὶ τίθεσθαι; the genitive τοῦ προσώπου is best read as a genitive of respect/specification.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 Πενθεσίλεια | advmod | high | Adverbial καί: ‘also’. |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-N-S---F | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Πενθεσίλεια | det | high | |
| 5 | Πενθεσίλεια | Πενθεσίλεια | PROPN | N-N---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ὁρῶσα | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 Πενθεσίλεια | acl | medium | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Πενθεσίλεια. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Πάριν | case | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πάριν | det | high | |
| 9 | Πάριν | Πάρις | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὁρῶσα | obl | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ὁρῶσα | punct | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 προσώπου | det | high | |
| 12 | προσώπου | πρόσωπον | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἔοικε | obl | medium | Genitive of respect/specification with ἔοικε: ‘as regards the face’. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἔοικε | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἔοικε | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Perfect form with present-like meaning ‘seems/is like’. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 νεύματι | det | high | |
| 16 | νεύματι | νεῦμα | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἔοικε | obl | high | Dative complement with ἔοικε. |
| 17 | ὑπερορᾶν | ὑπεροράω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 ἔοικε | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated with τίθεσθαι, dependent on ἔοικε. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ὑπερορᾶν | cc | high | |
| 19 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 ὑπερορᾶν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object pattern of the infinitive; here object of ὑπερορᾶν. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 τίθεσθαι | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 λόγῳ | case | high | |
| 22 | οὐδενὸς | οὐδείς | PRON | P-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 24 λόγῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on λόγῳ. |
| 23 | τίθεσθαι | τίθημι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 17 ὑπερορᾶν | conj | medium | Second infinitive coordinated with ὑπερορᾶν; middle idiom τίθεσθαι ἐν λόγῳ. |
| 24 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 τίθεσθαι | obl | high | Object of ἐν; phrase ἐν οὐδενὸς τίθεσθαι λόγῳ means ‘to regard as of no account’. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ σχῆμά ἐστι τῇ Πενθεσιλείᾳ παρθένος τόξον ἔχουσα τοῖς Σκυθικοῖς ἐμφερὲς καὶ παρδάλεως δέρμα ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων.
The copular clause means 'the figure is, for Penthesilea, a maiden'; παρθένος is the predicate nominative, with τόξον ἔχουσα and δέρμα ... as coordinated descriptive complements. The dative τῇ Πενθεσιλείᾳ is an ethical/relational dative; ἐμφερές agrees with τόξον and is governed by τοῖς Σκυθικοῖς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 σχῆμά | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | σχῆμά | σχῆμα | NOUN | Nbmg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Πενθεσιλείᾳ | det | high | |
| 6 | Πενθεσιλείᾳ | Πενθεσίλεια | PROPN | Ne | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 παρθένος | obl | high | Relational/ethical dative: 'for Penthesilea' or 'as regards Penthesilea'. |
| 7 | παρθένος | παρθένος | NOUN | N----- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative under εἰμί. |
| 8 | τόξον | τόξον | NOUN | Nbsa | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔχουσα | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | Vspapn-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 παρθένος | acl | high | Participial modifier of παρθένος. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 Σκυθικοῖς | det | high | |
| 11 | Σκυθικοῖς | Σκυθικός | ADJ | A--D | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐμφερὲς | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐμφερές. |
| 12 | ἐμφερὲς | ἐμφερής | ADJ | A--S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 τόξον | obl | high | Accusative adjective agreeing with τόξον; governed by the sense of likeness. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 δέρμα | cc | high | |
| 14 | παρδάλεως | πάρδαλις | NOUN | N----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 δέρμα | nmod | high | |
| 15 | δέρμα | δέρμα | NOUN | Nbsa | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔχουσα | obj | high | Second object/complement of ἔχουσα, coordinated with τόξον. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ὤμων | case | high | |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ὤμων | det | high | |
| 18 | ὤμων | ὦμος | NOUN | N----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 δέρμα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί: 'on the shoulders'. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high |