Grammar parses for passage 10.32.11
Open translation for this passage
τῷ Ὀρνυτίωνος συνῴκησε καὶ τέθαπται ὁμοῦ τῷ Φώκῳ, καὶ Βάκιδι ὁποῖά ἐστι τῷ χρησμολόγῳ κοινὰ ἐς τοῦτον τὸν τάφον καὶ ἐς τὸν Ζήθου τε ἐν Θήβαις καὶ Ἀμφίονος.
The sentence has an elliptical and textually difficult construction: συνῴκησε and τέθαπται take coordinated dative complements, while κοινὰ is predicate/adjectival with an understood subject referring to matters shared by this tomb and the tombs of Zethus and Amphion; ὁποῖα introduces the quoted/indirect question-like content associated with Bacis the oracle-interpreter.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-d---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Ὀρνυτίωνος | det | high | |
| 2 | Ὀρνυτίωνος | Ὀρνυτίων | PROPN | N----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 συνῴκησε | obl | medium | Genitive with συνῴκησε, likely denoting the person with whom the subject lived/cohabited; syntactically somewhat difficult. |
| 3 | συνῴκησε | συνοικέω | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 τέθαπται | cc | high | |
| 5 | τέθαπται | θάπτω | VERB | V3SRMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 3 συνῴκησε | conj | high | Perfect middle/passive; coordinated with συνῴκησε. |
| 6 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 τέθαπται | advmod | high | |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-d---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Φώκῳ | det | high | |
| 8 | Φώκῳ | Φῶκος | PROPN | N----DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τέθαπται | obl | high | Dative complement with τέθαπται, ‘buried together with Phocus’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 συνῴκησε | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 11 | Βάκιδι | Βάκις | PROPN | N----DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὁποῖά | obl | medium | Dative of reference/association with ὁποῖα ἐστι; Bacis is identified as the χρησμολόγος. |
| 12 | ὁποῖά | ὁποῖος | PRON | P---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject or substantivized interrogative/relative ‘what sort of things’; exact clause linkage is difficult. |
| 13 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 συνῴκησε | parataxis | medium | Copular clause following καί; singular verb with neuter plural subject is possible in Greek. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-d---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 χρησμολόγῳ | det | high | |
| 15 | χρησμολόγῳ | χρησμόλογος | NOUN | N----DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστι | obl | high | Appositional/referential dative, ‘for/to the oracle-interpreter’. |
| 16 | κοινὰ | κοινός | ADJ | A----NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective, substantivized or agreeing with an omitted neuter plural subject; case may be analyzed differently in the elliptical construction. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 τάφον | case | high | |
| 18 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | P---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 τάφον | det | high | |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 τάφον | det | high | |
| 20 | τάφον | τάφος | NOUN | N----AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κοινὰ | obl | high | First object of the shared comparison/reference expressed by κοινά. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἐς | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 τὸν | case | high | |
| 23 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Ζήθου | det | high | |
| 24 | Ζήθου | Ζῆθος | PROPN | N----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 τὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the elided or implied noun ‘tomb’; τὸν Ζήθου [τάφον]. |
| 25 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 τὸν | cc | medium | Correlative enclitic coordinating the tomb of Zethus with the following tomb phrase. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Θήβαις | case | high | |
| 27 | Θήβαις | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 Ζήθου | nmod | high | Locative place specification, ‘at Thebes’. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 Ἀμφίονος | cc | high | |
| 29 | Ἀμφίονος | Ἀμφίων | PROPN | N----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 τὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on an elided τάφος: ‘[the tomb] of Amphion’; coordinated with Ζήθου. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 συνῴκησε | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν δὴ ἐς συγγραφὴν τῶν ἐν τῷ πολίσματι ὅτι μὴ τὰ εἰρημένα ἄλλο ἦν οὐδέν, ποταμὸς δὲ παρὰ τῶν Τιθορέων ῥέων τὴν πόλιν ποτόν σφισι γίνεται καταβαίνουσί τε ἐπὶ τὴν ὄχθην καὶ ἀρυομένοις τὸ ὕδωρ·
The sentence has an initial topicalized μὲν clause with an ὅτι-complement and a coordinated δέ clause. In the latter, ποταμός is subject, ῥέων is a participial adjunct, and ποτόν is a predicative result/complement of γίνεται; καταβαίνουσι and ἀρυομένοις are coordinated participial/finite descriptions of the inhabitants’ access to the water, with the final dative participle syntactically elliptical or textually difficult.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 συγγραφὴν | det | high | Substantivized article with συγγραφήν? More likely article governing an understood plural neuter topic; attached here to συγγραφήν only provisionally. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 5 συγγραφὴν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 15 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 5 συγγραφὴν | case | high | |
| 5 | συγγραφὴν | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | obl | medium | Topicalized phrase governed by ἐς; exact attachment of τὰ is difficult. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 πολίσματι | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 9 πολίσματι | case | high | |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 πολίσματι | det | high | |
| 9 | πολίσματι | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 εἰρημένα | nmod | high | Genitive τῶν is substantival or partitive, with ἐν τῷ πολίσματι specifying the settlement. |
| 10 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C | _ | 15 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 11 | μὴ | μή | PART | Dq | _ | 15 ἦν | advmod | high | Negates the copular predicate. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 εἰρημένα | det | high | |
| 13 | εἰρημένα | λέγω | VERB | V-RPP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 ἦν | nsubj | high | Substantivized perfect passive participle, ‘the things said’. |
| 14 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 οὐδέν | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with οὐδέν. |
| 15 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Copula for the ὅτι clause; singular despite neuter plural subject. |
| 16 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicative nominal with ἄλλο. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 γίνεται | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 28 γίνεται | cc | high | Coordinates the second main clause with the preceding μὲν topic. |
| 20 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R- | _ | 22 Τιθορέων | case | high | With genitive: source/from. |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 Τιθορέων | det | high | |
| 22 | Τιθορέων | Τιθορεύς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ῥέων | obl | high | The Tithoreans, source/agent associated with ῥέων. |
| 23 | ῥέων | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 γίνεται | advcl | high | Agrees with ποταμός; describes the river’s flowing from the Tithoreans. |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 25 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 γίνεται | obj | medium | Likely accusative of extent/path or affected locality with ποτόν γίνεται; attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 26 | ποτόν | ποτός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 γίνεται | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective, ‘drinkable/drinking water’; neuter singular is difficult with masculine ποταμός and may reflect an understood ὕδωρ. |
| 27 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 28 γίνεται | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/reference, ‘for them’. |
| 28 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of the δέ clause; coordinated with the preceding clause at discourse level. |
| 29 | καταβαίνουσί | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 ἀρυομένοις | advcl | low | Form is ambiguous in context: likely a dative plural participle agreeing with an understood σφισι, though the accentuation can suggest a finite form. |
| 30 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 29 καταβαίνουσί | cc | high | |
| 31 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 33 ὄχθην | case | high | With accusative, directional. |
| 32 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ὄχθην | det | high | |
| 33 | ὄχθην | ὄχθη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 καταβαίνουσί | obl | high | |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 35 ἀρυομένοις | cc | high | Coordinates ἀρυομένοις with καταβαίνουσι. |
| 35 | ἀρυομένοις | ἀρύομαι | VERB | V-PMP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 28 γίνεται | advcl | low | Dative plural participle, probably agreeing with an understood dative human subject; exact coordination and attachment are uncertain. |
| 36 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 37 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 ἀρυομένοις | obj | high | Object of ἀρυομένοις, ‘drawing the water’. |
| 38 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 γίνεται | punct | high |
ὄνομα δέ ἐστιν αὐτῷ Καχάλης.
Copular naming construction: Καχάλης is the nominative predicate nominal; αὐτῷ is the dative possessor/possessive dative. The orthography of the proper name is retained as given.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 3 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/association with the copular naming construction. |
| 5 | Καχάλης | Καχάλης | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative naming the subject. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high |