Grammar parses for passage 10.32.18
Open translation for this passage
ἐοικότα δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἤκουσα Φοίνικος, ἄγειν τῇ Ἴσιδι Αἰγυπτίους τὴν ἑορτήν, ὅτε αὐτὴν τὸν Ὄσιριν πενθεῖν λέγουσι·
The passage contains a report infinitive ἄγειν with accusative subject Αἰγυπτίους; the ὅτε-clause embeds λέγουσι πενθεῖν, with αὐτήν likely referring back to Isis.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | PerfActPartAccNeutSg | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἤκουσα | obj | medium | Perfect active participle, substantivized/neuter; construed as what was fitting or similar. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἤκουσα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | GenMascSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἤκουσα | obl | medium | Genitive with ἀκούω, likely source/person heard from. |
| 4 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | AorActInd1Sg | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Φοίνικος | Φοῖνιξ | PROPN | GenMascSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνδρὸς | appos | high | Apposition to ἀνδρός. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἤκουσα | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἄγειν | ἄγω | VERB | PresActInf | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 ἤκουσα | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive/content construction after ἤκουσα; subject is Αἰγυπτίους. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DatFemSg | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἴσιδι | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἴσιδι | Ἶσις | PROPN | DatFemSg | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγειν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/dedicatee with ἄγειν. |
| 10 | Αἰγυπτίους | Αἰγύπτιος | PROPN | AccMascPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἄγειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | AccFemSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἑορτήν | det | high | |
| 12 | ἑορτήν | ἑορτή | NOUN | AccFemSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγειν | obj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἄγειν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | AdvRel | PronType=Rel | 19 λέγουσι | mark | high | Temporal subordinate clause. |
| 15 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | AccFemSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 18 πενθεῖν | obj | medium | Likely object of πενθεῖν, referring to Ἶσιν; form is feminine accusative. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | AccMascSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ὄσιριν | det | high | |
| 17 | Ὄσιριν | Ὄσιρις | PROPN | AccMascSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πενθεῖν | obj | high | |
| 18 | πενθεῖν | πενθέω | VERB | PresActInf | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγουσι. |
| 19 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | PresActInd3Pl | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἄγειν | advcl | medium | Temporal clause modifying the reported ἄγειν construction; subject is implicit Egyptians/people. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἤκουσα | punct | high |
τηνικαῦτα δὲ καὶ ὁ Νεῖλος ἀναβαίνειν σφίσιν ἄρχεται, καὶ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων πολλοῖς ἐστιν εἰρημένα ὡς τὰ αὔξοντα τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ ἄρδειν τὰς ἀρούρας ποιοῦντα δάκρυά ἐστι τῆς Ἴσιδος.
The first clause has Νεῖλος as subject of ἄρχεται with complementary infinitive ἀναβαίνειν and ethical/dative σφίσιν. The second clause is impersonal ἐστιν εἰρημένα, with πολλοῖς as dative of the persons concerned and an ὡς-content clause; τὰ αὔξοντα ... καὶ ἄρδειν ... ποιοῦντα is a substantivized neuter plural participial expression, coordinated internally, predicated as δάκρυα τῆς Ἴσιδος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἄρχεται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄρχεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄρχεται | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Νεῖλος | det | high | |
| 5 | Νεῖλος | Νεῖλος | PROPN | Ne-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄρχεται | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἀναβαίνειν | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἄρχεται | xcomp | high | |
| 7 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3p---MD- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἄρχεται | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/association; antecedent is context-dependent. |
| 8 | ἄρχεται | ἄρχομαι | VERB | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἄρχεται | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 πολλοῖς | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'local people'. |
| 13 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 εἰρημένα | iobj | high | Substantivized adjective, 'many [locals]'. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Coordinated clause; parsers may attach this clause to the first predicate rather than use a second root. |
| 15 | εἰρημένα | λέγω | VERB | V-RPP---N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 14 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Impersonal construction; neuter plural perfect participle functions predicatively with ἐστιν. |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 εἰρημένα | ccomp | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-P---NA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 αὔξοντα | det | high | |
| 18 | αὔξοντα | αὐξάνω | VERB | V-PAPNAN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 δάκρυά | nsubj | medium | Substantivized participle; coordinated with ἄρδειν and collectively subject of ἐστι. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ποταμὸν | det | high | |
| 20 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 αὔξοντα | obj | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἄρδειν | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἄρδειν | ἄρδω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 δάκρυά | conj | medium | Coordinated with the participial expression αὔξοντα; infinitive is a mixed construction in the transmitted syntax. |
| 23 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 ἀρούρας | det | high | |
| 24 | ἀρούρας | ἄρουρα | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 ἄρδειν | obj | high | |
| 25 | ποιοῦντα | ποιέω | VERB | V-PAPNAN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 δάκρυά | acl | medium | Agrees with neuter plural τὰ ...; governs the infinitival/participial content as transmitted. |
| 26 | δάκρυά | δάκρυον | NOUN | N-P---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 εἰρημένα | cop | medium | Copular predicate within the ὡς-clause; singular agreement is conventional with a neuter plural subject. |
| 28 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 Ἴσιδος | det | high | |
| 29 | Ἴσιδος | Ἶσις | PROPN | Ne-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 δάκρυά | nmod | high | |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high |
καὶ ὁ ἐσπεμφθεὶς ἀνέστρεψε μὲν ἐκ τοῦ ἀδύτου, διηγησάμενον δὲ ὁπόσα ἐθεάσατο καὶ τοῦτον αὐτίκα ἐπυνθανόμην τελευτῆσαι.
The sentence has a difficult participial construction: διηγησάμενον is accusative and likely relates to τοῦτον, while ἐπυνθανόμην governs the reported infinitive τελευτῆσαι; the attachment of the first finite clause is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἀνέστρεψε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐσπεμφθεὶς | det | high | |
| 3 | ἐσπεμφθεὶς | πέμπω | VERB | V-APPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 ἀνέστρεψε | nsubj | high | Aorist passive participle used substantivally. |
| 4 | ἀνέστρεψε | ἀναστρέφω | VERB | V-AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | conj | medium | Coordinated finite verb; subject is the substantivized participle. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 4 ἀνέστρεψε | discourse | high | |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἀδύτου | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀδύτου | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀδύτου | ἄδυτον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀνέστρεψε | obl | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀνέστρεψε | punct | high | |
| 10 | διηγησάμενον | διηγέομαι | VERB | V-AMPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | advcl | medium | Accusative participle likely agrees with τοῦτον in an accusative construction; exact attachment is syntactically difficult. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | cc | high | |
| 12 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐθεάσατο | obj | medium | Neuter plural relative-indefinite form functioning as the content/object of ἐθεάσατο. |
| 13 | ἐθεάσατο | θεάομαι | VERB | V-AMI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 διηγησάμενον | ccomp | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | cc | high | |
| 15 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | P--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τελευτῆσαι | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive τελευτῆσαι in reported content. |
| 16 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 τελευτῆσαι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἐπυνθανόμην | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-IMI1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | τελευτῆσαι | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐπυνθανόμην. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐπυνθανόμην | punct | high |
τὸ ἔπος οὖν ἀληθεύειν ἔοικε τὸ Ὁμήρου, σὺν οὐδενὶ αἰσίῳ τοὺς θεοὺς τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐναργῶς ὁρᾶσθαι.
The construction is impersonal ἔοικε with articular infinitives: τὸ ἔπος ... τὸ Ὁμήρου is the apparent subject, ἀληθεύειν the first infinitival complement, and ὁρᾶσθαι the content of the Homeric saying; σὺν οὐδενὶ αἰσίῳ modifies the circumstance of seeing the gods.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἔπος | det | high | |
| 2 | ἔπος | ἔπος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἔοικε | nsubj | high | Articular noun functioning as the nominative subject of ἔοικε. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἔοικε | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἀληθεύειν | ἀληθεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἔοικε | xcomp | medium | Complementary infinitive with ἔοικε; exact semantic relation is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 5 | ἔοικε | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RIA-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning ‘seems/appears’. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 Ὁμήρου | det | high | |
| 7 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἔπος | nmod | high | Genitive of authorship, ‘Homer’s saying’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔοικε | punct | high | |
| 9 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 οὐδενὶ | case | high | |
| 10 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | PRON | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 αἰσίῳ | det | medium | Negative pronominal determiner agreeing with αἰσίῳ. |
| 11 | αἰσίῳ | αἴσιος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὁρᾶσθαι | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘with no favorable [omen/person]’; agreement and ellipsis are context-dependent. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 θεοὺς | det | high | |
| 13 | θεοὺς | θεός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ὁρᾶσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive ὁρᾶσθαι. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γένει | det | high | |
| 15 | γένει | γένος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ὁρᾶσθαι | obl | high | Dative of respect/domain with τῶν ἀνθρώπων. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνθρώπων | det | high | |
| 17 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 γένει | nmod | high | |
| 18 | ἐναργῶς | ἐναργῶς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 ὁρᾶσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ὁρᾶσθαι | ὁράω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 7 Ὁμήρου | ccomp | medium | Passive infinitive governed semantically by ἔπος τὸ Ὁμήρου: ‘that the gods are seen’; nested content of the Homeric saying. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔοικε | punct | high |