Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.32.3

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Passage 10.32.3

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

2,397input tokens

5,266output tokens

Sentence 1

10.32.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 32
Input: 878
Output: 2,312
Total: 3,190

ὅσα μὲν γὰρ ἐπί τε αἰγιαλοῖς καὶ ἀγχιβαθεῖ τῇ θαλάσσῃ, τούτων μὲν οὐδὲ ἀριθμὸν ἄν τις ἐθέλων ἐξεύροι, ὀνομαστότατα δὲ ἔν τε Ἕλλησι καὶ ἐν γῇ τῇ βαρβάρων ἐστί·

The sentence contrasts two correlated clauses with μέν...δὲ; the first has a potential optative, and the second is copular with predicative superlative ὀνομαστότατα.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὅσα	ὅσος	PRON	Pk-p---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 ἐξεύροι	obj	high	Correlative antecedent to the following clause; neuter plural accusative used substantively.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	1 ὅσα	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
3	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	G--------	_	19 ἐξεύροι	discourse	high	Postpositive explanatory particle.
4	ἐπί	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	AdpType=Prep	6 αἰγιαλοῖς	case	high	Governed by ὅσα through the prepositional phrase.
5	τε	τε	PART	G--------	_	4 ἐπί	fixed	high	Enclitic coordinating particle with ἐπί.
6	αἰγιαλοῖς	αἰγιαλός	NOUN	N-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ὅσα	obl	high	Dative governed by ἐπί.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	8 ἀγχιβαθεῖ	cc	high	Connects the two prepositional complements.
8	ἀγχιβαθεῖ	ἀγχιβαθής	ADJ	A-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ὅσα	obl	medium	Likely adjective used substantively or with omitted noun; agrees with the dative phrase headed by ἐπί.
9	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 θαλάσσῃ	det	high	Article modifying θαλάσσῃ.
10	θαλάσσῃ	θάλασσα	NOUN	N-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἀγχιβαθεῖ	obl	high	Dative complement dependent on ἀγχιβαθεῖ; semantic relation likely locative.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐξεύροι	punct	high	Punctuation.
12	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	Pd-p---ng-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	15 ἀριθμὸν	nmod	high	Partitive/genitive dependent on ἀριθμόν.
13	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	12 τούτων	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
14	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	PART	G--------	_	15 ἀριθμὸν	advmod	high	Negative/additive particle modifying ἀριθμόν.
15	ἀριθμὸν	ἀριθμός	NOUN	N-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἐξεύροι	obj	high	Object of ἐξεύροι.
16	ἄν	ἄν	PART	G--------	_	19 ἐξεύροι	advmod	high	Modal particle with optative verb.
17	τις	τις	PRON	P-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	19 ἐξεύροι	nsubj	high	Indefinite subject of ἐξεύροι.
18	ἐθέλων	ἐθέλω	VERB	V-sppamn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	17 τις	amod	medium	Participial modifier of τις, expressing volition.
19	ἐξεύροι	ἐξευρίσκω	VERB	V-3saoio-	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the first clause, optative in potential expression.
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐξεύροι	punct	high	Punctuation.
21	ὀνομαστότατα	ὀνομαστός	ADJ	A-p---nsu	Case=Nom\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	31 ἐστί	xcomp	medium	Predicative adjective with copula ἐστί; neuter plural used adverbially/predicatively.
22	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	21 ὀνομαστότατα	discourse	high	Contrastive particle.
23	ἔν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	AdpType=Prep	25 Ἕλλησι	case	high	Preposition governing Ἕλλησι.
24	τε	τε	PART	G--------	_	23 ἔν	fixed	high	Enclitic particle with ἐν.
25	Ἕλλησι	Ἕλλην	PROPN	Ne-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ὀνομαστότατα	obl	high	Dative complement of ἐν.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	27 ἐν	cc	high	Connects the two prepositional phrases.
27	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	AdpType=Prep	28 γῇ	case	high	Preposition governing γῇ.
28	γῇ	γῆ	NOUN	N-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ὀνομαστότατα	obl	high	Dative complement of ἐν.
29	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 βαρβάρων	det	high	Article modifying βαρβάρων.
30	βαρβάρων	βάρβαρος	ADJ	A-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	28 γῇ	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on γῇ; likely adjectival/substantival use meaning 'of the barbarians'.
31	ἐστί	εἰμί	AUX	V3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular root of the second clause.
32	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	31 ἐστί	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

10.32.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 30
Input: 871
Output: 2,202
Total: 3,073

Φρύγες οἱ ἐπὶ ποταμῷ Πεγκέλᾳ, τὰ δὲ ἄνωθεν ἐξ Ἀρκαδίας καὶ Ἀζάνων ἐς ταύτην ἀφικόμενοι τὴν χώραν, δεικνύουσιν ἄντρον καλούμενον Στεῦνος περιφερές τε καὶ ὕψους ἔχον εὐπρεπῶς·

The syntax is a nominative subject with a participial relative-style modifier; the cave description includes a participial phrase with πιθανή appositional name Στεῦνος and adjectival qualifiers.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Φρύγες	Φρύξ	NOUN	NNP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 δεικνύουσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of δεικνύουσιν.
2	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	1 Φρύγες	det	high	Article agreeing with Φρύγες.
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	4 ποταμῷ	case	high	Governs ποταμῷ.
4	ποταμῷ	ποταμός	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 Φρύγες	nmod	high	Part of the local modifier of Φρύγες.
5	Πεγκέλᾳ	Πεγκέλα	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ποταμῷ	appos	medium	Likely a place-name in apposition to ποταμῷ.
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 δεικνύουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
7	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	16 ἀφικόμενοι	det	high	Article with implied neuter plural subject/complement of participle.
8	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	16 ἀφικόμενοι	discourse	high	Weak connective particle.
9	ἄνωθεν	ἄνωθεν	ADV	D	_	16 ἀφικόμενοι	advmod	high	Adverb modifying ἀφικόμενοι.
10	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R	_	11 Ἀρκαδίας	case	high	Governs Ἀρκαδίας.
11	Ἀρκαδίας	Ἀρκαδία	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἀφικόμενοι	obl	high	Source/location phrase with ἐξ.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	13 Ἀζάνων	cc	high	Coordinates Ἀζάνων with Ἀρκαδίας.
13	Ἀζάνων	Ἄζανες	PROPN	N-PGM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 Ἀρκαδίας	conj	high	Coordinated with Ἀρκαδίας under ἐξ.
14	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	18 χώραν	case	high	Governs ταύτην.
15	ταύτην	οὗτος	DET	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	18 χώραν	det	high	Demonstrative modifying χώραν.
16	ἀφικόμενοι	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-APM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	20 δεικνύουσιν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with Φρύγες.
17	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 χώραν	det	high	Article with χώραν.
18	χώραν	χώρα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἀφικόμενοι	obj	high	Object of ἀφικόμενοι with εἰς.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 δεικνύουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
20	δεικνύουσιν	δεικνύω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
21	ἄντρον	ἄντρον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 δεικνύουσιν	obj	high	Direct object of δεικνύουσιν.
22	καλούμενον	καλέω	VERB	V-PPM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	21 ἄντρον	acl	high	Participial modifier of ἄντρον.
23	Στεῦνος	Στεῦνος	PROPN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	22 καλούμενον	xcomp	medium	Likely name of the cave, construed as complement with καλούμενον.
24	περιφερές	περιφερής	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ἄντρον	amod	medium	Predicative/adjectival description of ἄντρον; form may be appositive/predicative.
25	τε	τε	PART	G	_	24 περιφερές	cc	high	Correlative particle linking adjectives.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	27 ὕψους	cc	high	Coordinates ὕψους with περιφερές.
27	ὕψους	ὕψος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	28 ἔχον	obj	medium	Genitive governed by ἔχον.
28	ἔχον	ἔχω	VERB	V-PPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 ἄντρον	acl	high	Participial modifier of ἄντρον.
29	εὐπρεπῶς	εὐπρεπῶς	ADV	D	_	20 δεικνύουσιν	advmod	high	Modifies δεικνύουσιν.
30	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	20 δεικνύουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

10.32.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 10
Input: 648
Output: 752
Total: 1,400

Μητρὸς δέ ἐστιν ἱερόν, καὶ ἄγαλμα Μητρὸς πεποίηται.

The sentence contains two coordinated clauses; the second reuses the subject notionally as a passive perfect construction with ἄγαλμα as nominative subject.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Μητρὸς	Μήτηρ	NOUN	N-SF-GS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἱερόν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἱερόν; likely ‘of Mother’.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	PCL	_	3 ἐστιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	4 ἱερόν	cop	high	Copula with predicate adjective ἱερόν.
4	ἱερόν	ἱερός	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate adjective functioning as clause root.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἱερόν	punct	high	Punctuation.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	9 πεποίηται	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
7	ἄγαλμα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 πεποίηται	nsubj:pass	medium	Subject of passive perfect πεποίηται; nominative neuter singular.
8	Μητρὸς	Μήτηρ	NOUN	N-SF-GS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἄγαλμα	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα.
9	πεποίηται	ποιέω	VERB	V-RPI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Mid	4 ἱερόν	conj	high	Coordinated clause with perfect middle/passive form.
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἱερόν	punct	high	Punctuation.

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