Grammar parses for passage 10.32.5
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ πρὸ τοῦ σπηλαίου σφίσιν ἀγάλματα οὐ μεγάλα ἐστὶν Ἡρακλέους καὶ Ἑρμοῦ τε καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος, Σπηλαῗται καλούμενοι·
Main clause: ἀγάλματα ... ἐστίν, with σφίσιν as possessor/benefactive dative and Ἡρακλέους ... Ἀπόλλωνος dependent genitives. Σπηλαῗται καλούμενοι is a nominative plural identifying supplement, probably referring to the statues; the punctuation leaves its exact attachment somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 11 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 3 τούτῳ | case | high | With dative τούτῳ. |
| 3 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pdmsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 11 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | ἐπὶ τούτῳ may mean 'thereupon/in addition to this'; exact semantic relation is contextual. |
| 4 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | Prep | _ | 6 σπηλαίου | case | high | With genitive τοῦ σπηλαίου. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 σπηλαίου | det | high | |
| 6 | σπηλαίου | σπήλαιον | NOUN | Nsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγάλματα | obl | high | Prepositional location relative to the statues. |
| 7 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3pd | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἀγάλματα | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or advantage with ἀγάλματα ἐστίν. |
| 8 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | Npn | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Neg | Polarity=Neg | 10 μεγάλα | advmod | high | |
| 10 | μεγάλα | μέγας | ADJ | A-npn | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἀγάλματα | amod | high | |
| 11 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular agreement is common with a neuter plural subject. |
| 12 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Npmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 Ἑρμοῦ | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἑρμοῦ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | Npmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἡρακλέους | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with Ἡρακλέους. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 17 Ἀπόλλωνος | cc | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 17 Ἀπόλλωνος | cc | high | |
| 17 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Npmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἡρακλέους | conj | high | Coordinated genitive; τε καί links the final member. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 καλούμενοι | punct | high | |
| 19 | Σπηλαῗται | Σπηλαΐτης | PROPN | Npmpn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 καλούμενοι | nsubj | medium | Ethnic/name-like nominative; may identify the referents of καλούμενοι. |
| 20 | καλούμενοι | καλέω | VERB | Vppmpnm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 ἐστὶν | parataxis | medium | Supplementary nominative passive participle, 'being called'; attachment to the copular clause is somewhat uncertain. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἀπέχει ὅσον τριάκοντα τοῦ ἄστεως σταδίους, ὕδατος δέ εἰσιν ἐν αὐτῷ πηγαί·
The first clause has τὸ as a substantivized neuter article with ἀπέχει; ὅσον τριάκοντα σταδίους gives an approximate distance, with τοῦ ἄστεως as the genitive point of measurement. The second clause has πηγαί as subject and ὕδατος as a genitive of material/content; αὐτῷ refers to the place.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἀπέχει | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter article, referring to the place or site. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἀπέχει | cc | high | Adversative/continuative connective. |
| 3 | ἀπέχει | ἀπέχω | VERB | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, ‘is distant/stands off’. |
| 4 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 5 τριάκοντα | amod | medium | Neuter accusative used adverbially with the numeral, expressing approximation; formal case tagging is uncertain. |
| 5 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπέχει | obl | high | Accusative measure of distance, with σταδίους. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἄστεως | det | high | Article with ἄστεως. |
| 7 | ἄστεως | ἄστυ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπέχει | nmod | high | Genitive of reference or point of measurement. |
| 8 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τριάκοντα | nmod | high | Unit noun specifying the distance expressed by τριάκοντα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀπέχει | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πηγαί | nmod | medium | Genitive of material/content with πηγαί: springs of water. |
| 11 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 εἰσιν | cc | high | Connective introducing the second clause. |
| 12 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | parataxis | medium | Existential/copular verb; treated as a coordinated/paratactic clause root. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῷ. |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM3S-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 12 εἰσιν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν, referring back to the site. |
| 15 | πηγαί | πηγή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the existential clause. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 εἰσιν | punct | high |
οὔτε δὲ ἔσοδος ἐς αὐτὸ φέρει οὔτε ἐπὶ πολὺ ἡ αὐγὴ δίεισι τοῦ ἡλίου, τοῦ τε ὀρόφου τὰ πλείονα ἐγγυτάτω τοῦ ἐδάφους γίνεται.
The sentence coordinates three negative/contrastive descriptions; the final clause is syntactically compressed, with τοῦ ὀρόφου and τὰ πλείονα requiring an elliptical or appositional interpretation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἔσοδος | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 φέρει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔσοδος | ἔσοδος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 φέρει | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 αὐτὸ | case | high | |
| 5 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 φέρει | obl | high | |
| 6 | φέρει | φέρω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 δίεισι | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 9 πολὺ | case | high | |
| 9 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 δίεισι | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative with ἐπί. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 αὐγὴ | det | high | |
| 11 | αὐγὴ | αὐγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δίεισι | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | δίεισι | διέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 φέρει | conj | medium | Form δίεισι is parsed as διείσει/διέρχεται in context; exact lexical analysis is uncertain. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἡλίου | det | high | |
| 14 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δίεισι | nmod | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δίεισι | punct | high | |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ὀρόφου | det | high | |
| 17 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 γίνεται | cc | high | |
| 18 | ὀρόφου | ὀρόφος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 γίνεται | nsubj | medium | Genitive with γίνεται, likely partitive/relational: most of the roof. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 πλείονα | det | high | |
| 20 | πλείονα | πλείων | ADJ | A-NPN-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 γίνεται | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘the greater part/more’; grammatical relation to γίνεται is elliptical or textually compressed. |
| 21 | ἐγγυτάτω | ἐγγύς | ADV | D-SUP | Degree=Sup | 24 γίνεται | advmod | high | |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 ἐδάφους | det | high | |
| 23 | ἐδάφους | ἔδαφος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐγγυτάτω | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐγγυτάτω. |
| 24 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 φέρει | conj | medium | Coordinated clause after the comma; internal syntax is compressed/elliptical. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φέρει | punct | high |