Grammar parses for passage 10.33.6
Open translation for this passage
Χαράδρα δὲ εἴκοσιν ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις ἐστὶν ὑπὲρ ὑψηλοῦ κειμένη κρημνοῦ, καὶ ὕδατος οἱ ἐνταῦθα σπανίζουσιν ἄνθρωποι, ποτὸν δέ σφισι ποταμός ἐστι Χάραδρος κατερχομένοις ὅσον τρία ἐπʼ αὐτὸν στάδια·
The first clause states that Charadra lies twenty stadia farther on, above a high cliff; the second says the local people lack water, while a river named Charadros is their drink when descending about three stadia to it. The participle κατερχομένοις is construed substantivally/dativally with σφισι, with some uncertainty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Χαράδρα | χαράδρα | PROPN | Nb------ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Place name, nominative subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | εἴκοσιν | εἴκοσι | NUM | M-------- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur | 5 σταδίοις | nummod | high | Dative of measure with σταδίοις. |
| 4 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘farther on’. |
| 5 | σταδίοις | στάδιον | NOUN | Nb----DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative of distance. |
| 6 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 κρημνοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing κρημνοῦ. |
| 8 | ὑψηλοῦ | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κρημνοῦ | amod | high | Agrees with κρημνοῦ. |
| 9 | κειμένη | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMPANF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐστὶν | acl | high | Predicative participle modifying Χαράδρα. |
| 10 | κρημνοῦ | κρημνός | NOUN | Nb----GenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κειμένη | obl | high | Genitive object/complement of ὑπέρ. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 σπανίζουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the next clause. |
| 13 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | Nb----GenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 σπανίζουσιν | obj | high | Partitive/object genitive with σπανίζουσιν. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἄνθρωποι | det | high | Article substantivizing/introducing ἄνθρωποι. |
| 15 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 ἄνθρωποι | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying ἄνθρωποι. |
| 16 | σπανίζουσιν | σπανίζω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinate finite verb; subject follows. |
| 17 | ἄνθρωποι | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | Nb----NomPl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 σπανίζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 σπανίζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ποτὸν | ποτός | NOUN | A----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘drink’; predicative subject with ἐστι. |
| 20 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 21 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3----DatPl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 23 ἐστι | iobj | high | Dative of possession/benefit, ‘for them’. |
| 22 | ποταμός | ποταμός | NOUN | Nb----NomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι; apposition clarified by Χάραδρος. |
| 23 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 σπανίζουσιν | conj | high | Finite clause coordinated with σπανίζουσιν. |
| 24 | Χάραδρος | Χάραδρος | PROPN | Nb----NomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ποταμός | appos | high | River name in apposition to ποταμός. |
| 25 | κατερχομένοις | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-PMPMDP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 21 σφισι | acl | medium | Substantival dative participle, likely referring to those descending; attachment to σφισι is uncertain. |
| 26 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 30 στάδια | advmod | high | Extent adverb, ‘about/as much as’. |
| 27 | τρία | τρεῖς | NUM | M-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 στάδια | nummod | high | Neuter numeral agreeing with στάδια. |
| 28 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 αὐτὸν | case | high | Preposition with accusative αὐτόν, ‘to/toward it’. |
| 29 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 30 στάδια | obl | high | Object of ἐπί; refers to the river. |
| 30 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | Nb----AccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 κατερχομένοις | obl | high | Accusative of extent with κατερχομένοις. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
ἐκδίδωσι δὲ ἐς τὸν Κηφισόν, καί μοι τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ φαίνεται τεθῆναι τοῦ Χαράδρου τῇ πόλει.
The first verb ἐκδίδωσι has an elided/implicit subject and governs εἰς τὸν Κηφισόν. In the second clause, τὸ ὄνομα is the subject of φαίνεται, with τεθῆναι as a complementary infinitive; τοῦ Χαράδρου is appositional/genitival with ποταμοῦ, and τῇ πόλει is the dative of the naming/giving construction, understood with τεθῆναι. The attachment of τῇ πόλει is syntactically somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκδίδωσι | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present active indicative; subject is implicit/contextual. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐκδίδωσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Κηφισόν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Κηφισόν | det | high | |
| 5 | Κηφισόν | Κηφισός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐκδίδωσι | obl | high | Directional accusative after ἐς. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐκδίδωσι | punct | high | |
| 7 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 φαίνεται | cc | high | |
| 8 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 14 φαίνεται | iobj | medium | Dative of personal viewpoint: 'to me'. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 10 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 φαίνεται | nsubj | high | Subject of φαίνεται and understood subject of τεθῆναι. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ποταμοῦ | case | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ποταμοῦ | det | high | |
| 13 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Source/origin phrase modifying ὄνομα. |
| 14 | φαίνεται | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 1 ἐκδίδωσι | conj | high | Functions as the finite predicate of the coordinated clause. |
| 15 | τεθῆναι | τίθημι | VERB | V-RAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 14 φαίνεται | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive, complementary to φαίνεται. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Χαράδρου | det | high | |
| 17 | Χαράδρου | Χάραδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ποταμοῦ | appos | medium | Appositional proper name identifying ποταμοῦ. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 πόλει | det | high | |
| 19 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 τεθῆναι | obl | low | Dative likely with the naming/giving sense of τεθῆναι; alternative attachment to φαίνεται is possible. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐκδίδωσι | punct | high |
Χαραδραίοις δὲ Ἡρώων καλουμένων εἰσὶν ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ βωμοί, καὶ αὐτοὺς οἱ μὲν Διοσκούρων, οἱ δὲ ἐπιχωρίων εἶναί φασιν ἡρώων.
The sentence has a locative existential construction: Χαραδραίοις is a dative of reference/topic, Ἡρώων καλουμένων is a genitive absolute-like descriptive genitive agreeing with the understood heroes, and βωμοί is the subject of εἰσίν. In the coordinated report, αὐτούς is the accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι; οἱ μὲν ... οἱ δὲ ... φασιν supplies two contrasted reporting groups. The genitive plurals Διοσκούρων and ἐπιχωρίων ἡρώων are predicative/possessive with εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Χαραδραίοις | Χαραδραῖος | ADJ | A--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εἰσὶν | obl | medium | Dative of reference/topic, substantivized or referring to the Charadraeans. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἡρώων | ἥρως | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 καλουμένων | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on καλουμένων; the construction is somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM/GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 5 εἰσὶν | advcl | medium | Genitive participle in a descriptive/genitive-absolute-like phrase; its understood subject is ἡρώων. |
| 5 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | -------- | _ | 8 ἀγορᾷ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P--DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγορᾷ | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀγορᾷ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἰσὶν | obl | high | Locative complement of εἰσίν. |
| 9 | βωμοί | βωμός | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 21 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 12 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 20 εἶναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive εἶναι. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NPM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 φασιν | nsubj | high | Article used substantivally for the first contrasted group. |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 13 οἱ | discourse | high | |
| 15 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουρος | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 εἶναί | xcomp | medium | Predicative genitive with εἶναι, identifying the heroes as Dioscuri. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NPM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 φασιν | nsubj | high | Article used substantivally for the second contrasted group. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 οἱ | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἡρώων | amod | high | Modifies the following genitive ἡρώων. |
| 20 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after φασίν. |
| 21 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἰσὶν | conj | high | Coordinates with the preceding existential clause via καί. |
| 22 | ἡρώων | ἥρως | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 εἶναί | xcomp | medium | Genitive predicate/possessive complement with εἶναι; ἐπιχωρίων modifies it. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | punct | high |