Grammar parses for passage 10.33.8
Open translation for this passage
τούτῳ τῷ λόγῳ διάφορα μὲν ἐν τῇ Ἡροδότου συγγραφῇ, διάφορα δέ ἐστιν αὐτῷ καὶ ὅσα ἐπὶ ταῖς νίκαις ταῖς Πυθικαῖς μνημονεύουσιν·
The sentence has a copular μέν–δέ construction: ‘different in Herodotus’ account, but different also for him [are] whatever they mention concerning the Pythian victories’; the relative clause is coordinated with the second predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | ADJ | PD-Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 λόγῳ | det | high | Demonstrative agreeing with λόγῳ. |
| 2 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 3 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστιν | obl | high | Dative of respect/reference: ‘in this account’. |
| 4 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | A-Nom/Acc.Pl.Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Predicate/substantival neuter plural; nominative is favored with ἐστιν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 4 διάφορα | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, paired with δέ. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 συγγραφῇ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-Dat.Sg.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 συγγραφῇ | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἡροδότου | Ἡρόδοτος | PROPN | N-Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 συγγραφῇ | nmod | high | Author’s genitive with συγγραφή. |
| 9 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-Dat.Sg.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 διάφορα | obl | high | Object of ἐν; phrase locates the first διάφορα. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 διάφορα | punct | high | |
| 11 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | A-Nom/Acc.Pl.Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Second coordinated/topic predicate, resumed with δέ. |
| 12 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 διάφορα | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 13 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V- pres ind act 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root; plural neuter subject with singular copula is regular. |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference, ‘for him/in his case’. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 μνημονεύουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the relative clause with the preceding material. |
| 16 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | RI-Nom.Pl.Neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 22 μνημονεύουσιν | obj | medium | Relative neuter plural, object of μνημονεύουσιν; antecedent is διάφορα. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 νίκαις | case | high | |
| 18 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-Dat.Pl.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 νίκαις | det | high | |
| 19 | νίκαις | νίκη | NOUN | N-Dat.Pl.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 μνημονεύουσιν | obl | high | ἐπί with dative: concerning/at the victories. |
| 20 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-Dat.Pl.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Πυθικαῖς | det | high | |
| 21 | Πυθικαῖς | Πυθικός | ADJ | A-Dat.Pl.Fem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 νίκαις | amod | high | Agrees with νίκαις. |
| 22 | μνημονεύουσιν | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-Pres-Act-Ind-3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἐστιν | conj | high | Finite verb of the relative clause; understood subject is plural and indefinite/impersonal. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Ἀμφικτύονες γὰρ Πύθια ἐτίθεσαν πρῶτον, καὶ Αἰχμέας Παραποτάμιος πυγμὴν ἐνίκησεν ἐν παισίν·
Two coordinated clauses: Ἀμφικτύονες is subject of ἐτίθεσαν, while Αἰχμέας Παραποτάμιος is the subject of ἐνίκησεν; Πύθια is the object of ἐτίθεσαν and πυγμὴν the object of ἐνίκησεν. The adverb πρῶτον is syntactically linked to the first clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀμφικτύονες | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | N--PMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | D-------- | _ | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle. |
| 3 | Πύθια | Πύθια | PROPN | Neut-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | obj | high | Festival name, neuter plural accusative. |
| 4 | ἐτίθεσαν | τίθημι | VERB | V--IAI3P- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-S----N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐνίκησεν | cc | high | |
| 8 | Αἰχμέας | Αἰχμέας | PROPN | N--SAA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐνίκησεν | nsubj | high | Accusative form may reflect a proper-name inflectional variant; syntactically subject of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 9 | Παραποτάμιος | Παραποτάμιος | PROPN | N--SMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Αἰχμέας | appos | medium | Appositional epithet/name; case agreement with the intended personal-name subject is uncertain because Αἰχμέας is accusative-form. |
| 10 | πυγμὴν | πυγμή | NOUN | N--SFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐνίκησεν | obj | high | |
| 11 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | V--AAI3S- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with ἐτίθεσαν. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 παισίν | case | high | |
| 13 | παισίν | παῖς | NOUN | N--PDN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐνίκησεν | obl | high | Dative plural, “among the boys/children.” |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτίθεσαν | punct | high |
ὡσαύτως δὲ Ἡρόδοτος καταλέγων τὰς πόλεις, ὅσας βασιλεὺς Ξέρξης τῶν ἐν Φωκεῦσιν ἐνέπρησε, καὶ Παραποταμίους κατείλοχεν ἐν αὐταῖς πόλιν.
The participial frame καταλέγων ... κατείλοχεν has Herodotus as subject; ὅσας introduces the cities as object of καταλέγων and as antecedent-linked object of ἐνέπρησε. The final ἐν αὐταῖς πόλιν is locative, with Παραποταμίους modifying πόλιν; κατείλοχεν is an aorist form, probably from καταλείχω, but the exact lexical sense is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡσαύτως | ὡσαύτως | ADV | D-Adverb | Degree=Pos | 18 κατείλοχεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 κατείλοχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἡρόδοτος | Ἡρόδοτος | PROPN | Ne-ms--n | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 κατείλοχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | καταλέγων | καταλέγω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 κατείλοχεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 5 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 6 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 καταλέγων | obj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 καταλέγων | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὅσας | ὅσος | PRON | P-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐνέπρησε | obj | medium | Relative quantifier; linked to πόλεις and functioning as object of ἐνέπρησε. |
| 9 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ξέρξης | appos | high | Apposition to Ξέρξης. |
| 10 | Ξέρξης | Ξέρξης | PROPN | Ne-ms--n | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐνέπρησε | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Φωκεῦσιν | det | high | Substantivized/elliptical genitive article. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-G | Case=Dat | 13 Φωκεῦσιν | case | high | |
| 13 | Φωκεῦσιν | Φωκεύς | PROPN | Ne-md--d | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐνέπρησε | obl | medium | The phrase τῶν ἐν Φωκεῦσιν is a genitive locative/partitive specification; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 14 | ἐνέπρησε | ἐμπίμπρημι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 καταλέγων | acl:relcl | high | Aorist of ἐμπίμπρημι, 'burned'; relative clause governed by ὅσας. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 κατείλοχεν | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 κατείλοχεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 17 | Παραποταμίους | Παραποτάμιος | ADJ | A-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 πόλιν | amod | medium | Feminine plural adjective agreeing with an understood or distributive designation; exact semantic relation to πόλιν is textually unusual. |
| 18 | κατείλοχεν | καταλείχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Form and lexical analysis are uncertain; parsed as a finite aorist active predicate, probably καταλείχω. |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-D | Case=Dat | 20 αὐταῖς | case | high | |
| 20 | αὐταῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 18 κατείλοχεν | obl | high | Locative phrase, likely referring to the previously mentioned cities. |
| 21 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 κατείλοχεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 κατείλοχεν | punct | high |
οὐ μέντοι οἱ Παραποτάμιοί γε ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων καὶ Βοιωτῶν ἀνῳκίσθησαν, ἀλλὰ ἐς τὰς ἄλλας πόλεις οἱ ἄνθρωποι κατενεμήθησαν ὑπό τε ἀσθενείας καὶ σπάνει χρημάτων.
Two coordinated passive clauses: Παραποτάμιοι is the subject of ἀνῳκίσθησαν with ὑπό + genitive agents; ἄνθρωποι is the subject of κατενεμήθησαν, with ἐς + accusative destination and ὑπό τε ... καὶ ... causal complements. The second ὑπό is causal rather than agentive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | advmod | high | Concessive/discourse adverb. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Παραποτάμιοί | det | high | |
| 4 | Παραποτάμιοί | Παραποτάμιος | PROPN | A--NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Ethnic/place-name adjective substantivized as a plural proper name. |
| 5 | γε | γε | PART | X-------- | _ | 4 Παραποτάμιοί | discourse | high | Postpositive restrictive particle. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | Agentive preposition governing genitive. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A--NG-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | obl:agent | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 Βοιωτῶν | cc | high | |
| 9 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | A--NG-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀθηναίων | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀθηναίων under the shared ὑπό. |
| 10 | ἀνῳκίσθησαν | ἀνοικίζω | VERB | V3PAIP--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the adversative second clause. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 πόλεις | case | high | |
| 14 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | P---AF-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἄλλας | det | high | |
| 15 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---AF-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 πόλεις | amod | high | |
| 16 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N---AF-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἄνθρωποι | det | high | |
| 18 | ἄνθρωποι | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 19 | κατενεμήθησαν | κατα-νέμω | VERB | V3PAIP--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 10 ἀνῳκίσθησαν | conj | high | Adversatively coordinated with the first finite verb. |
| 20 | ὑπό | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 ἀσθενείας | case | high | Causal ὑπό with genitive. |
| 21 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἀσθενείας | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 22 | ἀσθενείας | ἀσθένεια | NOUN | N---GF-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | obl | high | Cause with ὑπό. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 σπάνει | cc | high | Second member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 24 | σπάνει | σπάνις | NOUN | N---DF-S- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | obl | medium | Dative of cause/attendant circumstance; coordinated semantically with ἀσθενείας, but not governed by ὑπό in the same case. |
| 25 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N---GN-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 σπάνει | nmod | high | Genitive complement of σπάνει. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 κατενεμήθησαν | punct | high |
Παραποταμίων μὲν δὴ οὔτε ἐρείπια ἔτι ἦν οὔτε ἔνθα τῆς χώρας ᾠκίσθη ἡ πόλις μνημονεύουσιν·
The sentence is elliptical and textually difficult: μνημονεύουσιν governs a negative coordinated statement, while the ἔνθα clause modifies the founding/location expressed with πόλις; attachment of πόλις is therefore uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Παραποταμίων | Παραποτάμιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 μνημονεύουσιν | nmod | medium | Place-name in the genitive plural, dependent on μνημονεύουσιν; substantivized/elliptical. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | GPM | Polarity=Pos | 4 οὔτε | cc:preconj | high | Correlative particle paired with οὔτε. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | GPM | _ | 4 οὔτε | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἦν | cc | high | First member of οὔτε...οὔτε coordination. |
| 5 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 6 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἦν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 μνημονεύουσιν | ccomp | medium | First coordinated predicate/content clause under μνημονεύουσιν; existential use. |
| 8 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἦν | cc | high | Second member of οὔτε...οὔτε coordination. |
| 9 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ᾠκίσθη | advmod | high | Relative/locative adverb introducing the location clause. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 11 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ᾠκίσθη | obl | high | Genitive of location/partitive relation with ᾠκίσθη. |
| 12 | ᾠκίσθη | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 14 πόλις | acl:relcl | medium | Passive clause ‘was founded/settled’; subject πόλις follows. |
| 13 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 πόλις | det | high | Article modifying πόλις. |
| 14 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | conj | low | Second coordinated nominal predicate/content of the οὔτε construction; syntactic attachment is difficult because the text is elliptical. |
| 15 | μνημονεύουσιν | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb, with coordinated/elliptical content under οὔτε...οὔτε. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 μνημονεύουσιν | punct | high |