Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.35.1

← 10.34.8 10.35.2 →

Passage 10.35.1

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

105Greek tokens

3,339input tokens

7,369output tokens

Sentence 1

10.35.1 sentence 1

Tokens: 35
Input: 936
Output: 2,318
Total: 3,254

ἐς Ἄβας δὲ ἀφικέσθαι καὶ ἐς Ὑάμπολιν ἔστι μὲν καὶ ἐξ Ἐλατείας ὀρεινὴν ὁδὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Ἐλατέων ἄστεως, ἡ δὲ ἐπὶ Ὀποῦντα λεωφόρος ἡ ἐξ Ὀρχομενοῦ καὶ ἐς ταύτας φέρει τὰς πόλεις.

The sentence presents one route with ἔστι and then coordinates a second route whose subject is λεωφόρος and predicate φέρει; token 26 is retained exactly as supplied despite its apparent textual irregularity.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	PREP	_	4 ἀφικέσθαι	case	high
2	Ἄβας	Ἄβαι	PROPN	N--P--Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	4 ἀφικέσθαι	obl	high	Place name, plural form.
3	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C----	_	8 ἔστι	cc	high
4	ἀφικέσθαι	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V--AMN--	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	8 ἔστι	csubj	high	Articular-less infinitive subject of ἔστι.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C----	_	4 ἀφικέσθαι	cc	high
6	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	PREP	_	7 Ὑάμπολιν	case	high
7	Ὑάμπολιν	Ὑάμπολις	PROPN	N--F--Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἀφικέσθαι	obl	high	Destination.
8	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential/presentational clause.
9	μὲν	μέν	PART	Df	_	8 ἔστι	discourse	high	Correlative μέν with following δέ.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C----	_	14 ὁδὸν	cc	high	Coordinates the two routes/phrases.
11	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	12 Ἐλατείας	case	high
12	Ἐλατείας	Ἐλάτεια	PROPN	N--F--Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ὁδὸν	obl	high	Source/origin.
13	ὀρεινὴν	ὀρεινός	ADJ	A--FSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ὁδὸν	amod	high	Agrees with ὁδόν.
14	ὁδὸν	ὁδός	NOUN	N--FSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἔστι	nsubj	high	Subject/presented route of ἔστι.
15	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	16 δεξιᾷ	case	high
16	δεξιᾷ	δεξιός	ADJ	A--FSD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ὁδὸν	obl	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘on the right’.
17	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 Ἐλατέων	det	high
18	Ἐλατέων	Ἐλατεύς	PROPN	N--MGM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἄστεως	nmod	high	Ethnic name used attributively.
19	ἄστεως	ἄστυ	NOUN	N--GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 δεξιᾷ	nmod	high
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔστι	punct	high
21	ἡ	ὁ	DET	L--NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 λεωφόρος	det	high
22	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C----	_	25 λεωφόρος	cc	high	Contrasts the second route.
23	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	24 Ὀποῦντα	case	high	With accusative, direction toward.
24	Ὀποῦντα	Ὀποῦς	PROPN	N--M--Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 λεωφόρος	nmod	high	Destination/name in prepositional phrase.
25	λεωφόρος	λεωφόρος	NOUN	N--FNS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	32 φέρει	nsubj	high	Subject of φέρει.
26	ἡ	ὁ	DET	L--N σε	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 λεωφόρος	det	medium	Form appears repeated/possibly textual; parsed as article modifying λεωφόρος.
27	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	28 Ὀρχομενοῦ	case	high
28	Ὀρχομενοῦ	Ὀρχομενός	PROPN	N--M--Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 λεωφόρος	nmod	high	Route originating from Orchomenus.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C----	_	32 φέρει	cc	high	Coordinates destinations.
30	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	PREP	_	31 ταύτας	case	high
31	ταύτας	οὗτος	PRON	PD---AF--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	32 φέρει	obl	high	Anaphoric destination, agreeing with πόλεις.
32	φέρει	φέρω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 ἔστι	conj	high	Second coordinated predicate.
33	τὰς	ὁ	DET	L-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	34 πόλεις	det	high
34	πόλεις	πόλις	NOUN	N--PFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	32 φέρει	obj	high
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔστι	punct	high

Sentence 2

10.35.1 sentence 2

Tokens: 18
Input: 754
Output: 1,253
Total: 2,007

ἰόντι οὖν ἐς Ὀποῦντα ἐξ Ὀρχομενοῦ καὶ ἐκτραπέντι οὐ πολὺ ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰν ὁδός ἐστιν ἡ ἐς Ἄβας.

The sentence has a copular structure: ὁδός ἐστιν ἡ ἐς Ἄβας, with two coordinated dative circumstantial participles setting the route context.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἰόντι	εἶμι	VERB	PPrtpt-DatSingMasc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	13 ὁδός	advcl	high	Dative circumstantial participle, ‘as one goes’.
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	CONJ	_	13 ὁδός	discourse	high
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	4 Ὀποῦντα	case	high
4	Ὀποῦντα	Ὀποῦς	PROPN	AccSingMasc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἰόντι	obl	high	Destination of ἰόντι.
5	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	6 Ὀρχομενοῦ	case	high
6	Ὀρχομενοῦ	Ὀρχομενός	PROPN	GenSingMasc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἰόντι	obl	high	Point of departure.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 ἐκτραπέντι	cc	high
8	ἐκτραπέντι	ἐκτρέπω	VERB	APrtpt-DatSingMasc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	13 ὁδός	advcl	high	Coordinated dative circumstantial participle.
9	οὐ	οὐ	PART	NEG	Polarity=Neg	10 πολὺ	advmod	high
10	πολὺ	πολύς	ADV	Adv	Degree=Pos	12 ἀριστερὰν	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative, ‘not far’.
11	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	12 ἀριστερὰν	case	high
12	ἀριστερὰν	ἀριστερός	ADJ	AccSingFem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ὁδός	obl	medium	Accusative directional phrase with ἐπί; elliptical sense ‘to/on the left’.
13	ὁδός	ὁδός	NOUN	NomSingFem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
14	ἐστιν	εἰμί	VERB	PresIndAct3Sing	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
15	ἡ	ὁ	DET	Art-NomSingFem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ὁδός	det	high
16	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	17 Ἄβας	case	high
17	Ἄβας	Ἄβαι	PROPN	AccPlurFem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 ὁδός	nmod	high	Destination/name complement of ὁδός: ‘the road to Abai’.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

10.35.1 sentence 3

Tokens: 35
Input: 916
Output: 2,481
Total: 3,397

οἱ δὲ ἐν ταῖς Ἄβαις ἐς γῆν τὴν Φωκίδα ἀφικέσθαι λέγουσιν ἐξ Ἄργους καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ Ἄβαντος τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ λαβεῖν τὴν πόλιν, τὸν δὲ Λυγκέως τε καὶ Ὑπερμήστρας τῆς Δαναοῦ παῖδα εἶναι.

The plural subject οἱ (understood οἱ Ἀβαῖοι) governs λέγουσιν; the infinitives ἀφικέσθαι, λαβεῖν, and εἶναι form coordinated reported content. τὸ ὄνομα is the object of λαβεῖν, τὴν πόλιν its accusative subject in the second infinitival clause; τὸν ... παῖδα is the accusative subject and predicate complement of εἶναι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἱ	ὁ	DET	P---NM-P-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 λέγουσιν	nsubj	medium	Substantivized article, with Ἄβαις understood as the ethnic/place-based subject.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	11 λέγουσιν	cc	high
3	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	5 Ἄβαις	case	high
4	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	P---DF-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 Ἄβαις	det	high
5	Ἄβαις	Ἄβαι	PROPN	N---DF-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 λέγουσιν	obl	high	Place name in ἐν-phrase.
6	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	7 γῆν	case	high
7	γῆν	γῆ	NOUN	N---AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ἀφικέσθαι	obl	high
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	P---AF-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 Φωκίδα	det	high
9	Φωκίδα	Φωκίς	PROPN	N---AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 γῆν	appos	high	Appositional specification of γῆν.
10	ἀφικέσθαι	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V--AMN--	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	11 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	First infinitive in reported speech.
11	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
12	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	13 Ἄργους	case	high
13	Ἄργους	Ἄργος	PROPN	N---GSN-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀφικέσθαι	obl	high	Source of departure with ἐξ.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	21 λαβεῖν	cc	high	Coordinates the second infinitive with ἀφικέσθαι.
15	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P---AN-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ὄνομα	det	high
16	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	N---AN-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 λαβεῖν	obj	high	Object of λαβεῖν.
17	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	R--------	_	18 Ἄβαντος	case	high
18	Ἄβαντος	Ἄβας	PROPN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 λαβεῖν	obl	high	Source of the name.
19	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	P---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 οἰκιστοῦ	det	high
20	οἰκιστοῦ	οἰκιστής	NOUN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 Ἄβαντος	appos	high	Appositional designation of Ἄβαντος.
21	λαβεῖν	λαμβάνω	VERB	V-2AAN--	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	Second coordinated infinitive.
22	τὴν	ὁ	DET	P---AF-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 πόλιν	det	high
23	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N---AFS-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 λαβεῖν	obj	high	Object of λαβεῖν, with τὸ ὄνομα as the thing received.
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	21 λαβεῖν	punct	high
25	τὸν	ὁ	DET	P---ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 παῖδα	det	high
26	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	34 εἶναι	cc	high	Marks the further reported assertion.
27	Λυγκέως	Λυγκεύς	PROPN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 παῖδα	nmod	high	Patronymic/genitive relation.
28	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	29 καὶ	cc	high
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	27 Λυγκέως	cc	medium	Part of the τε καί coordination joining the two parents.
30	Ὑπερμήστρας	Ὑπερμήστρα	PROPN	N---GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	33 παῖδα	nmod	high	Second parent in genitive coordination.
31	τῆς	ὁ	DET	P---GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 Ὑπερμήστρας	det	high
32	Δαναοῦ	Δαναός	PROPN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 Ὑπερμήστρας	nmod	high	Further specification: Hypermestra, daughter of Danaus.
33	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N---ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	34 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with εἶναι; τὸν ... παῖδα is the accusative subject phrase.
34	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN--	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	11 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	Third reported infinitive, with τὸν ... παῖδα as accusative subject.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 λέγουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 4

10.35.1 sentence 4

Tokens: 17
Input: 733
Output: 1,317
Total: 2,050

Ἀπόλλωνος δὲ ἱερὰς νενομίκασιν εἶναι τὰς Ἄβας ἐκ παλαιοῦ, καὶ χρηστήριον καὶ αὐτόθι ἦν Ἀπόλλωνος.

The first clause has an impersonal/third-person plural construction νενομίκασιν εἶναι with τὰς Ἄβας as the accusative subject of the infinitive and ἱεράς as its predicate; the second clause coordinates a nominal predicate χρηστήριον with ἦν, while αὐτόθι is locative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	N--GSM--	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 ἱερὰς	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἱεράς: sacred to Apollo.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	--------	_	4 νενομίκασιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἱερὰς	ἱερός	ADJ	A--AFP--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective of the accusative infinitival subject τὰς Ἄβας.
4	νενομίκασιν	νομίζω	VERB	V--XAI3P--	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb, ‘they have considered/believed’.
5	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN--	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	4 νενομίκασιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement of νενομίκασιν.
6	τὰς	ὁ	DET	L--AFP--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 Ἄβας	det	high
7	Ἄβας	Ἄβαι	PROPN	N--AFP--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
8	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	9 παλαιοῦ	case	high
9	παλαιοῦ	παλαιός	ADJ	A--GSM--	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 νενομίκασιν	obl	medium	Substantivized genitive with ἐκ, ‘from ancient times’; masculine form is elliptical.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 νενομίκασιν	punct	high
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	15 ἦν	cc	high	Coordinates the following clause.
12	χρηστήριον	χρηστήριον	NOUN	N--NSN--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 ἦν	nsubj	high	Neuter nominative subject/predicate-related nominal with ἦν.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	--------	_	14 αὐτόθι	cc	high	Coordinates αὐτόθι with the preceding adverbial context.
14	αὐτόθι	αὐτόθι	ADV	D--------	PronType=Dem	15 ἦν	advmod	high	Locative adverb, ‘there’.
15	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V--IAI3S--	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	4 νενομίκασιν	conj	high	Finite verb of the coordinated clause.
16	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	N--GSM--	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 χρηστήριον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on χρηστήριον: oracle of Apollo.
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 νενομίκασιν	punct	high

← 10.34.8 10.35.2 →