Grammar parses for passage 10.35.8
Open translation for this passage
ἐσβολὴ δὲ ἐκ Χαιρωνείας ἐς γῆν τὴν Φωκίδα οὐ μόνον ἡ εὐθεῖά ἐστιν ἐς Δελφοὺς ἡ διά τε Πανοπέως καὶ παρὰ τὴν Δαυλίδα καὶ ὁδὸν τὴν Σχιστήν· φέρει δὲ ἐκ Χαιρωνείας καὶ ἑτέρα τραχεῖά τε ὁδὸς καὶ ὀρεινὴ τὰ πλέονα ἐς πόλιν Φωκέων Στῖριν·
Two coordinated clauses describe routes from Chaeroneia. The second clause has a new finite verb (φέρει) and an overt subject ὁδός; the first route subject is the substantivized εὐθεῖα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐσβολὴ | ἐσβολή | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Χαιρωνείας | case | high | |
| 4 | Χαιρωνείας | Χαιρώνεια | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐσβολὴ | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 γῆν | case | high | |
| 6 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐσβολὴ | obl | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Φωκίδα | det | high | |
| 8 | Φωκίδα | Φωκίς | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γῆν | appos | high | |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 μόνον | advmod | high | |
| 10 | μόνον | μόνον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 εὐθεῖά | advmod | high | Correlative οὐ μόνον. |
| 11 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 εὐθεῖά | det | high | |
| 12 | εὐθεῖά | εὐθεῖος | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, coordinated/contrasted with 37. |
| 13 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Δελφοὺς | case | high | |
| 15 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Np-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εὐθεῖά | obl | high | |
| 16 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 διά | det | high | |
| 17 | διά | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Πανοπέως | case | high | With genitive, route through. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 διά | cc | high | |
| 19 | Πανοπέως | Πανοπεύς | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 εὐθεῖά | obl | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 διά | cc | high | |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Δαυλίδα | case | high | With accusative, along/by. |
| 22 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 Δαυλίδα | det | high | |
| 23 | Δαυλίδα | Δαυλίς | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 εὐθεῖά | obl | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 25 ὁδὸν | cc | high | |
| 25 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 εὐθεῖά | obl | high | Third route component after διά/παρά; semantically coordinated. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Σχιστήν | det | high | |
| 27 | Σχιστήν | Σχιστή | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ὁδὸν | appos | high | Name of the road. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 29 | φέρει | φέρω | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated clause; punctuation separates clauses. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 29 φέρει | cc | high | |
| 31 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 32 Χαιρωνείας | case | high | |
| 32 | Χαιρωνείας | Χαιρώνεια | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 φέρει | obl | high | |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 37 ὁδὸς | cc | high | |
| 34 | ἑτέρα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ὁδὸς | amod | high | |
| 35 | τραχεῖά | τραχύς | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ὁδὸς | amod | high | |
| 36 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 35 τραχεῖά | cc | high | Correlative τε ... καί. |
| 37 | ὁδὸς | ὁδός | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 φέρει | nsubj | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 37 ὁδὸς | cc | high | Correlative with τε at 36. |
| 39 | ὀρεινὴ | ὀρεινός | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ὁδὸς | conj | high | Coordinated predicate adjective/route description. |
| 40 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 41 πλέονα | det | high | |
| 41 | πλέονα | πολύς | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 φέρει | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative: for the greater part. |
| 42 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 43 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 43 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 φέρει | obl | high | |
| 44 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 43 πόλιν | nmod | high | |
| 45 | Στῖριν | Στίρις | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 πόλιν | appos | high | |
| 46 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 φέρει | punct | high |
μῆκος δὲ εἴκοσι στάδιοι τῆς ὁδοῦ καὶ ἑκατόν.
Elliptical measurement clause: μῆκος is the predicate/heading noun, with στάδιοι and ἑκατόν coordinated numeral expressions; τῆς ὁδοῦ is a genitive dependent on μῆκος. The exact attachment of the numeral phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate noun in an elliptical measurement statement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 1 μῆκος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | m-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 στάδιοι | nummod | medium | Cardinal numeral modifying στάδιοι; indeclinable form, with agreement represented syntactically. |
| 4 | στάδιοι | στάδιον | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 μῆκος | nsubj | medium | Plural unit noun in the measurement predicate; μῆκος is construed elliptically with a numeral/unit phrase. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ὁδοῦ | det | high | Article agreeing with ὁδοῦ. |
| 6 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μῆκος | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the measured road/distance. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 στάδιοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second numeral expression. |
| 8 | ἑκατόν | ἑκατόν | NUM | m-------- | _ | 4 στάδιοι | conj | medium | Indeclinable cardinal, coordinated with εἴκοσι; understood with στάδιοι. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μῆκος | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθά φασιν οὐ Φωκεῖς, Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ εἶναι τὰ ἄνωθεν, καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ὁμοῦ Πετεῷ τῷ Ὀρνέως ἀφικέσθαι διωχθέντι ὑπὸ Αἰγέως ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν·
Infinitival complements depend on φασιν: εἶναι governs the omitted/understood subject οἱ, with τὰ ἄνωθεν as predicative nominative; ἀφικέσθαι is coordinated and has Πετεῷ as its dative subject, with διωχθέντι agreeing with Πετεῷ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | Pp3nm-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 4 φασιν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized article, subject of φασιν and understood subject of the infinitives. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 φασιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 4 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 Φωκεῖς | advmod | high | |
| 6 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-P---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Predicative infinitival clause; οὐ Φωκεῖς contrasts with Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Φωκεῖς | punct | high | |
| 8 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-P---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Contrasted nominative predicate/subject in the infinitival construction. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Ἀθηναῖοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασιν. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἄνωθεν | det | high | |
| 12 | ἄνωθεν | ἄνωθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Substantivized adverbial expression, predicative with εἶναι; article is morphologically neuter plural. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἀφικέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitive with εἶναι. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Ἀττικῆς | case | high | |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-S---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | N-S---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | Origin with ἐκ. |
| 18 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 ἀφικέσθαι | advmod | high | Together/along with. |
| 19 | Πετεῷ | Πετεώς | PROPN | N-S---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀφικέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Dative subject of the infinitive ἀφικέσθαι. |
| 20 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-S---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Ὀρνέως | det | high | |
| 21 | Ὀρνέως | Ὀρνεύς | PROPN | N-S---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Πετεῷ | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional identification of Πετεῷ. |
| 22 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--AMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Med | 4 φασιν | ccomp | high | Coordinated infinitival complement of φασιν. |
| 23 | διωχθέντι | διώκω | VERB | V-SAPPmd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 Πετεῷ | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with Πετεῷ. |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 Αἰγέως | case | high | |
| 25 | Αἰγέως | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | N-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 διωχθέντι | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive participle. |
| 26 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Ἀθηνῶν | case | high | |
| 27 | Ἀθηνῶν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-P---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 διωχθέντι | obl | high | Source/place with ἐξ. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high |
ὅτι δὲ τῷ Πετεῷ τὸ πολὺ ἐκ τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Στιρέων ἠκολούθησεν, ἐπὶ τούτῳ κληθῆναι τὴν πόλιν Στῖριν.
ὅτι introduces an explanatory/content clause; τὸ πολὺ is a substantivized neuter adjective functioning adverbially as the subject of ἠκολούθησεν, while the following infinitive clause is an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on the preceding assertion: Στῖριν is the accusative predicate/name of τὴν πόλιν. The exact antecedent and syntactic force of ἐπὶ τούτῳ are somewhat interpretively dependent on context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | mark | high | Causal or explanatory conjunction introducing the finite clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πετεῷ | det | high | |
| 4 | Πετεῷ | Πετεώς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | obl | medium | Dative recipient/associate with ἠκολούθησεν; proper-name lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 πολὺ | det | high | Article substantivizing πολὺ. |
| 6 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, meaning 'the greater part/most'; may be construed adverbially in context. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 δήμου | case | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 δήμου | det | high | |
| 9 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πολὺ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ; phrase means 'from the demos'. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Στιρέων | det | high | |
| 11 | Στιρέων | Στιρεύς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 δήμου | nmod | medium | Ethnic proper name in the plural genitive, modifying δήμου. |
| 12 | ἠκολούθησεν | ἀκολουθέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist-form/augment interpretation; the singular agrees with substantivized neuter τὸ πολὺ. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 τούτῳ | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 15 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 κληθῆναι | obl | medium | Demonstrative with ἐπί; idiomatically 'on this account/for this reason'. |
| 16 | κληθῆναι | καλέω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | xcomp | medium | Aorist passive infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive construction; implied accusative subject is τὴν πόλιν. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 18 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κληθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive κληθῆναι. |
| 19 | Στῖριν | Στῖρις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κληθῆναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate/name complement of πόλιν under κληθῆναι. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἠκολούθησεν | punct | high |