Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.37.4

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Passage 10.37.4

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3sentences parsed

83Greek tokens

2,536input tokens

6,257output tokens

Sentence 2

10.37.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 16
Input: 719
Output: 1,286
Total: 2,005

καταβάντι δὲ ἐς τὸ πεδίον ἱππόδρομός τέ ἐστι καὶ ἀγῶνα Πύθια ἄγουσιν ἐνταῦθα τὸν ἱππικόν.

The dative καταβάντι is an absolute/temporal participial construction (‘on descending’); ἱππόδρομος is coordinated with an implicit existential ἐστί, while ἀγῶνα ... τὸν ἱππικόν is its object under ἄγουσιν. Πύθια is a neuter plural festival name in apposition to ἀγῶνα (or a title-like accusative).

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καταβάντι	καταβαίνω	VERB	V-2Aor-Act-Ptcp-Dat-Sg-Masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	8 ἐστι	advcl	medium	Dative participle, likely temporal absolute with an implicit masculine referent.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-PostPos	_	8 ἐστι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	5 πεδίον	case	high	Variant of εἰς.
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA-Acc-Sg-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 πεδίον	det	high
5	πεδίον	πεδίον	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 καταβάντι	obl	high	Object of ἐς with καταβάντι.
6	ἱππόδρομός	ἱππόδρομος	NOUN	N-Nom-Sg-Masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἐστι	nsubj	medium	Predicate/existential subject; accentuation reflects the supplied token.
7	τέ	τε	CCONJ	G-PostPos	_	6 ἱππόδρομός	cc	high	Correlative connective, paired loosely with καί.
8	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential/copular verb; ἀγῶνα clause is coordinated below.
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-Coord	_	12 ἄγουσιν	cc	high	Coordinates the second predication.
10	ἀγῶνα	ἀγών	NOUN	N-Acc-Sg-Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 ἄγουσιν	obj	high	Accusative object of ἄγουσιν.
11	Πύθια	Πύθια	PROPN	N-Acc-Pl-Neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 ἀγῶνα	appos	medium	Festival name in apposition to ἀγῶνα; could also be analyzed as a title-like complement.
12	ἄγουσιν	ἄγω	VERB	V-Pres-Act-Ind-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 ἐστι	conj	high	Finite coordinated predicate; subject is implicit/generalized.
13	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D	_	12 ἄγουσιν	advmod	high	Locative adverb modifying ἄγουσιν.
14	τὸν	ὁ	DET	RA-Acc-Sg-Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἱππικόν	det	high
15	ἱππικόν	ἱππικός	ADJ	A-Acc-Sg-Masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἀγῶνα	amod	high	Adjective with substantival/modifying force, agreeing with ἀγῶνα.
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἐστι	punct	high

Sentence 3

10.37.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 47
Input: 1,037
Output: 3,399
Total: 4,436

τὰ μὲν δὴ ἐς τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Ταράξιππον ἐδήλωσέ μοι τὰ ἐς Ἠλείους τοῦ λόγου, ὁ δὲ ἱππόδρομος ἔοικε τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τάχα μέν που καὶ αὐτὸς τῶν ἱππευόντων τινὰ ἀνιᾶσαι, ἅτε ἀνθρώποις τοῦ δαίμονος ὁμοίως ἐπὶ ἔργῳ παντὶ καὶ ἀμείνω καὶ τὰ χείρω νέμοντος·

First clause: τὰ ... τὰ ἐς Ἠλείους τοῦ λόγου is an object-fronted summary of what was disclosed, with τοῦ λόγου as a partitive/topic genitive. Second clause: ὁ ἱππόδρομος is subject of ἔοικε, governing the infinitive ἀνιᾶσαι; τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος is a possessive genitive, and νέμοντος is genitive absolute with τοῦ δαίμονος, ἅτε introducing the explanatory circumstance.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T---NA-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ἐδήλωσέ	obj	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	X--------	_	9 ἐδήλωσέ	discourse	high
3	δὴ	δή	PART	X--------	_	9 ἐδήλωσέ	discourse	high
4	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	R--------	_	8 Ταράξιππον	case	high	Epic/Ionic form of εἰς.
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T---AM-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Ταράξιππον	det	high
6	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	7 Ὀλυμπίᾳ	case	high
7	Ὀλυμπίᾳ	Ὀλυμπία	PROPN	Ne---FD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|NameType=Geo\|Number=Sing	8 Ταράξιππον	nmod	high	Locative dative within ἐν-phrase.
8	Ταράξιππον	Ταράξιππος	PROPN	Ne----S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Oth\|Number=Sing	9 ἐδήλωσέ	obl	high	Object of ἐς; ὁ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ is attributive.
9	ἐδήλωσέ	δηλόω	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	P1---SD-	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	9 ἐδήλωσέ	iobj	high
11	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T---NA-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ἐδήλωσέ	obj	high	Second coordinated/topic object, resumed by τοῦ λόγου.
12	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	R--------	_	13 Ἠλείους	case	high	Epic/Ionic form of εἰς.
13	Ἠλείους	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	Ae----P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Nat\|Number=Plur	11 τὰ	nmod	high	Accusative object of ἐς, specifying the subject matter.
14	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T---MG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 λόγου	det	high
15	λόγου	λόγος	NOUN	N----MG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 τὰ	nmod	medium	Genitive of the discourse/topic: 'of the account'.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_________	_	9 ἐδήλωσέ	punct	high
17	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T---NM-S-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 ἱππόδρομος	det	high
18	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	19 ἱππόδρομος	cc	high
19	ἱππόδρομος	ἱππόδρομος	NOUN	N---NM-S-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἔοικε	nsubj	high
20	ἔοικε	ἔοικα	VERB	V-RMI-3S-	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	9 ἐδήλωσέ	conj	high	Perfect form with present meaning, 'seems/appears'.
21	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T---MG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 Ἀπόλλωνος	det	high
22	Ἀπόλλωνος	Ἀπόλλων	PROPN	Ne----S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Oth\|Number=Sing	19 ἱππόδρομος	nmod	medium	Possessive genitive modifying ἱππόδρομος.
23	τάχα	τάχα	ADV	D--------	_	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	advmod	high
24	μέν	μέν	PART	X--------	_	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	discourse	high
25	που	που	PART	X--------	_	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	discourse	medium	Indefinite/approximating particle, 'perhaps/somehow'.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	27 αὐτὸς	cc	high
27	αὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P---NM-S-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	nsubj	high	Intensive pronoun, referring to Apollo.
28	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T---MG-P-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	29 ἱππευόντων	det	high
29	ἱππευόντων	ἱππεύω	VERB	V-PAPMG-P-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	30 τινὰ	nmod	high	Substantivized participle, 'of those riding'.
30	τινὰ	τις	PRON	P---AM-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	obj	high
31	ἀνιᾶσαι	ἀνιάω	VERB	V-AAN----	Aspect=Aor\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	20 ἔοικε	xcomp	high	Infinitive complementary to ἔοικε.
32	,	,	PUNCT	_________	_	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	punct	high
33	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	G--------	_	46 νέμοντος	mark	high	Introduces explanatory causal/circumstantial participial construction.
34	ἀνθρώποις	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N---MD-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	46 νέμοντος	iobj	high	Dative of reference with νέμοντος.
35	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T---MG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	36 δαίμονος	det	high
36	δαίμονος	δαίμων	NOUN	N---MG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	46 νέμοντος	nsubj	high	Subject of genitive absolute with νέμοντος.
37	ὁμοίως	ὁμοίως	ADV	D--------	_	46 νέμοντος	advmod	high
38	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	39 ἔργῳ	case	high	Here with dative, 'in/for every deed'.
39	ἔργῳ	ἔργον	NOUN	N----ND-S-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	46 νέμοντος	obl	high
40	παντὶ	πᾶς	ADJ	A---ND-S-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	39 ἔργῳ	amod	high
41	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	42 ἀμείνω	cc	high
42	ἀμείνω	ἀμείνων	ADJ	A--NAN-P-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	46 νέμοντος	obj	medium	Substantivized neuter plural, coordinated with τὰ χείρω; object of νέμοντος.
43	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	45 χείρω	cc	high
44	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T---NA-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	45 χείρω	det	high
45	χείρω	χείρων	ADJ	A--NAN-P-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	42 ἀμείνω	conj	high	Substantivized neuter plural, 'the worse things'.
46	νέμοντος	νέμω	VERB	V-PAPMG-S-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	31 ἀνιᾶσαι	advcl	high	Genitive absolute with τοῦ δαίμονος; subject is the deity understood as Apollo.
47	·	·	PUNCT	_________	_	9 ἐδήλωσέ	punct	high

Sentence 4

10.37.4 sentence 4

Tokens: 20
Input: 780
Output: 1,572
Total: 2,352

οὐ μέντοι καὶ αὐτὸς ταραχὴν τοῖς ἵπποις ὁ ἱππόδρομος οὔτε κατὰ αἰτίαν ἥρωος οὔτε ἐπʼ ἄλλῃ πέφυκεν ἐργάζεσθαι προφάσει.

The predicate πέφυκεν ἐργάζεσθαι means ‘is naturally constituted to produce’; ὁ ἱππόδρομος is its subject, ταραχήν the object, and τοῖς ἵπποις the dative affected participant. The coordinated οὔτε phrases modify the manner/circumstances: neither because of a hero’s cause nor on another pretext.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὐ	οὐ	PART	D——	Polarity=Neg	17 πέφυκεν	advmod	high
2	μέντοι	μέντοι	ADV	D——	_	17 πέφυκεν	advmod	high	Adversative/discourse adverb.
3	καὶ	καί	ADV	D——	_	4 αὐτὸς	advmod	high	Focus particle modifying αὐτός.
4	αὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P———NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	9 ἱππόδρομος	nsubj	medium	Intensive pronoun, agreeing with ὁ ἱππόδρομος; potentially appositional emphasis.
5	ταραχὴν	ταραχή	NOUN	N———ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 ἐργάζεσθαι	obj	high
6	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	L----DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 ἵπποις	det	high
7	ἵπποις	ἵππος	NOUN	N———DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ταραχὴν	iobj	high	Dative of affected participant.
8	ὁ	ὁ	DET	L----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 ἱππόδρομος	det	high
9	ἱππόδρομος	ἱππόδρομος	NOUN	N-----NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 πέφυκεν	nsubj	high
10	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	C———	Polarity=Neg	12 αἰτίαν	cc	high	Coordinates the first causal/prepositional phrase with the second οὔτε phrase.
11	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R-----A--	_	12 αἰτίαν	case	high	κατά with accusative: ‘because of/on account of’.
12	αἰτίαν	αἰτία	NOUN	N-----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 πέφυκεν	obl	medium	Prepositional circumstance/cause modifying ἐργάζεσθαι or the predicate.
13	ἥρωος	ἥρως	NOUN	N-----GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 αἰτίαν	nmod	high	Possessive/genitival modifier: ‘of a hero’.
14	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	C———	Polarity=Neg	19 προφάσει	cc	high	Coordinates with the first οὔτε phrase.
15	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	R-----D--	_	16 ἄλλῃ	case	high	Elided ἐπί with dative.
16	ἄλλῃ	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-----DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	19 προφάσει	obl	medium	Substantivized adjective, likely ‘another [pretext]’; modifies προφάσει.
17	πέφυκεν	φύω	VERB	V—-RAI-3S-	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect with present force: ‘is naturally constituted/has the nature’.
18	ἐργάζεσθαι	ἐργάζομαι	VERB	V—-PΝM-	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	17 πέφυκεν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of πέφυκεν.
19	προφάσει	πρόφασις	NOUN	N-----DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 πέφυκεν	obl	medium	Dative with ἐπί: ‘on another pretext’; ἄλλῃ agrees with it.
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	17 πέφυκεν	punct	high

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