Grammar parses for passage 10.38.10
Open translation for this passage
κληθῆναι δὲ ἀπὸ γυναικὸς ἢ νύμφης τεκμαίρομαι τὴν πόλιν, ἐπεὶ ἐπὶ Ναυπάκτῳ γε οἶδα εἰρημένον ὡς Δωριεῖς οἱ ὁμοῦ τοῖς Ἀριστομάχου παισὶ τὰ πλοῖα αὐτόθι ἐποιήσαντο, οἷς ἐς Πελοπόννησον ἐπεραιώθησαν· καὶ ἀντὶ τούτου γενέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα τῷ χωρίῳ φασί.
The passage contains two coordinated reported assertions; φασί governs γενέσθαι, while the preceding οἶδα εἰρημένον clause reports the Naupactus tradition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κληθῆναι | καλέω | VERB | V--ANP-- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 7 τεκμαίρομαι | ccomp | high | Infinitive dependent on τεκμαίρομαι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 τεκμαίρομαι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 γυναικὸς | case | high | |
| 4 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | N--GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κληθῆναι | obl | high | Genitive source with ἀπό. |
| 5 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 νύμφης | cc | high | |
| 6 | νύμφης | νύμφη | NOUN | N--GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γυναικὸς | conj | high | Coordinated alternative to γυναικός. |
| 7 | τεκμαίρομαι | τεκμαίρομαι | VERB | V-PEI-1S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 9 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κληθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of passive infinitive. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 τεκμαίρομαι | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 οἶδα | mark | high | Introduces causal/explanatory clause. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ναυπάκτῳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Ναυπάκτῳ | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 οἶδα | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐπί. |
| 14 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 15 οἶδα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 15 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 7 τεκμαίρομαι | advcl | high | Clause governed by ἐπεί. |
| 16 | εἰρημένον | λέγω | VERB | V-RPP-ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Passive | 15 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Accusative neuter participle used in an impersonal reported expression. |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 εἰρημένον | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 18 | Δωριεῖς | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N--NPM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Δωριεῖς | det | high | Article with substantivized/identified Δωριεῖς. |
| 20 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | ADV | _ | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | advmod | high | Adverb meaning together. |
| 21 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 παισὶ | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἀριστομάχου | Ἀριστόμαχος | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 παισὶ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παίς. |
| 23 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | high | Dative with ὁμοῦ. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--APN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 πλοῖα | det | high | |
| 25 | πλοῖα | πλοῖον | NOUN | N--APN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | |
| 26 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | ADV | _ | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | advmod | high | Place adverb. |
| 27 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 16 εἰρημένον | ccomp | high | Finite verb within reported content. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | |
| 29 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | P--DPN-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 ἐπεραιώθησαν | obl | high | Relative dative of means. |
| 30 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | |
| 31 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἐπεραιώθησαν | obl | high | |
| 32 | ἐπεραιώθησαν | περαιόω | VERB | V-API-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 27 ἐποιήσαντο | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying πλοῖα, with implied subject. |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 φασί | punct | high | |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 φασί | cc | high | |
| 35 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | _ | 36 τούτου | case | high | |
| 36 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D--GSN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀντί. |
| 37 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2MN---- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 42 φασί | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported assertion. |
| 38 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 39 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 40 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T--DSN-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 41 χωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 41 | χωρίῳ | χωρίον | NOUN | N--DSN-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 42 | φασί | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main reporting verb; coordination with preceding reported material is discourse-level. |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 φασί | punct | high |
τὰ δέ μοι Ναυπακτίων, ὡς τοῖς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀποστᾶσιν ὁμοῦ τῷ σεισμῷ τῷ ἐν Λακεδαίμονι Ἀθηναῖοι Ναύπακτον ἐνοικῆσαί σφισιν ἔδοσαν ἀφελόμενοι τοὺς Λοκροὺς καὶ ὡς τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ὕστερον πταίσματος τοῦ ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοὺς Μεσσηνίους ἐδίωξαν καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ναυπάκτου, τάδε μὲν ἐπεξῆλθέ μοι καὶ ἐς πλέον ἡ Μεσσηνία συγγραφή·
Long sentence with two ὡς-clausal retrospective explanations; ἔδοσαν governs the infinitive ἐνοικῆσαι, while ἐδίωξαν is coordinated within the second ὡς clause. The opening τὰ ... Ναυπακτίων is a fronted topic resumed by τάδε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P---NAI- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Ναυπακτίων | det | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | cc | high | |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P1---SD- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | iobj | high | |
| 4 | Ναυπακτίων | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | A-???GPM- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | nmod | medium | Substantival genitive/topic; gender is not morphologically decisive here. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 21 ἔδοσαν | mark | high | Introduces explanatory content. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀποστᾶσιν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ἰθώμην | case | high | |
| 9 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | A-???ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποστᾶσιν | obl | high | |
| 10 | ἀποστᾶσιν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | VRAAPM-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἔδοσαν | obl | high | Dative substantive participle, ‘those who revolted’. |
| 11 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 σεισμῷ | advmod | high | |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 σεισμῷ | det | high | |
| 13 | σεισμῷ | σεισμός | NOUN | N---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποστᾶσιν | obl | high | Dative temporal association. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 σεισμῷ | det | high | |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Λακεδαίμονι | case | high | |
| 16 | Λακεδαίμονι | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | A-???DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 σεισμῷ | nmod | high | |
| 17 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-???NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἔδοσαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 18 | Ναύπακτον | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | A-???ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐνοικῆσαί | obj | high | |
| 19 | ἐνοικῆσαί | ἐνοικέω | VERB | VFAAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἔδοσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔδοσαν. |
| 20 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---DD3- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 ἐνοικῆσαί | iobj | high | |
| 21 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | VAAI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | advcl | high | Main verb of first ὡς clause. |
| 22 | ἀφελόμενοι | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | VRAMP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 21 ἔδοσαν | advcl | high | Supplementary/circumstantial participle with Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 23 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Λοκροὺς | det | high | |
| 24 | Λοκροὺς | Λοκρός | PROPN | A-???APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀφελόμενοι | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 ἐδίωξαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second historical clause. |
| 26 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 38 ἐδίωξαν | mark | high | Introduces second explanatory clause. |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 πταίσματος | det | high | |
| 28 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-???GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 πταίσματος | nmod | high | Possessive/subjective genitive with πταίσματος. |
| 29 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A----NAS- | Degree=Pos | 38 ἐδίωξαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative. |
| 30 | πταίσματος | πταῖσμα | NOUN | N---GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 ἐδίωξαν | obl | high | Genitive of circumstance/occasion. |
| 31 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 πταίσματος | det | high | |
| 32 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 34 ποταμοῖς | case | high | |
| 33 | Αἰγὸς | Αἰγός | PROPN | A-???GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ποταμοῖς | nmod | high | First element of the place name. |
| 34 | ποταμοῖς | ποταμός | PROPN | N---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 πταίσματος | nmod | high | Place name Αἰγὸς ποταμοί. |
| 35 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-???NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 ἐδίωξαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 36 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 Μεσσηνίους | det | high | |
| 37 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-???APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 ἐδίωξαν | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 38 | ἐδίωξαν | διώκω | VERB | VAAI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | advcl | high | Main verb of second ὡς clause. |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 ἐδίωξαν | cc | high | Coordinates the following source adjunct. |
| 40 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 42 Ναυπάκτου | case | high | |
| 41 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 Ναυπάκτου | det | high | |
| 42 | Ναυπάκτου | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | A-???GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 ἐδίωξαν | obl | high | Source/place adjunct. |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | punct | high | |
| 44 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | P---NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | nsubj | high | Resumptive subject/topic of ἐπεξῆλθε. |
| 45 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; no explicit δέ follows. |
| 46 | ἐπεξῆλθέ | ἐπεξέρχομαι | VERB | VAAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/idiomatic ‘was covered/discussed’ with τάδε. |
| 47 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P1---SD- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | iobj | high | |
| 48 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 50 πλέον | cc | high | |
| 49 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 50 πλέον | case | high | |
| 50 | πλέον | πολύς | ADV | A----NAS- | Degree=Cmp | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘in greater detail/at greater length’. |
| 51 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | P---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 53 συγγραφή | det | high | |
| 52 | Μεσσηνία | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | A-???NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 53 συγγραφή | compound | high | Attributive geographic name. |
| 53 | συγγραφή | συγγραφή | NOUN | N---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπεξῆλθε. |
| 54 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 ἐπεξῆλθέ | punct | high |
ἐκλιπόντων δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνάγκης τῶν Μεσσηνίων, οὕτως οἱ Λοκροὶ συνελέγχθησαν αὖθις ἐς τὴν Ναύπακτον.
Genitive absolute ἐκλιπόντων ... τῶν Μεσσηνίων supplies the temporal/circumstantial background ('when the Messenians had departed/been exhausted'); οἱ Λοκροὶ is the subject of συνελέγχθησαν, with ἐς τὴν Ναύπακτον marking the destination or locus of the renewed conviction/exposure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκλιπόντων | ἐκλείπω | VERB | VAAPGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | advcl | high | Aorist active genitive plural participle in a genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐκλιπόντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἀνάγκης | case | high | Introduces the causal/agentive phrase. |
| 4 | ἀνάγκης | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐκλιπόντων | obl | high | Genitive governed by ὑπό, expressing compulsion or necessity. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | Article agreeing with Μεσσηνίων. |
| 6 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐκλιπόντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐκλιπόντων | punct | high | |
| 8 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | Dಾ | _ | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | advmod | high | Correlative adverb, 'thus/in this way'. |
| 9 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Λοκροὶ | det | high | Article with Λοκροὶ. |
| 10 | Λοκροὶ | Λοκρός | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive verb. |
| 11 | συνελέγχθησαν | συνελέγχω | VERB | V3IAAP3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive indicative: 'were convicted/exposed again'. |
| 12 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning 'again'. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Ναύπακτον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ναύπακτον | det | high | Article agreeing with Ναύπακτον. |
| 15 | Ναύπακτον | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | obl | high | Place name governed by ἐς. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 συνελέγχθησαν | punct | high |