Grammar parses for passage 10.38.9
Open translation for this passage
οὗτοι μὲν δὴ ὑπεροικοῦσιν Ἀμφίσσης·
The demonstrative subject οὗτοι is resumed by μὲν δή; ὑπεροικοῦσιν is the finite root verb, with Ἀμφίσσης a genitive of location/association (‘above/over Amphissa’), though the exact semantic force of the compound is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ὑπεροικοῦσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 4 ὑπεροικοῦσιν | discourse | high | Correlative μὲν; its δὴ combination is discourse-marking. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 4 ὑπεροικοῦσιν | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | ὑπεροικοῦσιν | ὑπεροικέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Compound verb; semantic interpretation of the prefix is context-dependent. |
| 5 | Ἀμφίσσης | Ἄμφισσα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 4 ὑπεροικοῦσιν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on the compound verb, plausibly locative/associative. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 ὑπεροικοῦσιν | punct | high |
ἐπὶ θαλάσσης δὲ Οἰάνθεια καὶ ταύτῃ ὁμοροῦσά ἐστι Ναύπακτος.
Geographical copular clause: Οἰάνθεια is by the sea, with Ναύπακτος described as adjoining it; the coordination and attachment of the two place names are mildly elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 θαλάσσης | case | high | |
| 2 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Οἰάνθεια | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί, locative sense. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Οἰάνθεια | cc | high | |
| 4 | Οἰάνθεια | Οἰάνθεια | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ὁμοροῦσά | cc | high | Coordinates the participial predicate with the copular clause. |
| 6 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ὁμοροῦσά | obl | medium | Dative of adjacency/reference: bordering this place. |
| 7 | ὁμοροῦσά | ὁμορέω | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Present active participle coordinated with the nominal predicate; feminine nominative agrees with Οἰάνθεια. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Ναύπακτος | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὁμοροῦσά | nsubj | medium | Second coordinated place name; syntactic attachment is somewhat ambiguous in the elliptical geographical statement. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high |
πλὴν δὲ Ἀμφίσσης ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν οἱ ἄλλοι Πατρέων ἄρχονται, βασιλέως σφίσι δόντος Αὐγούστου.
The main clause has a substantivized subject οἱ ἄλλοι and a genitive absolute βασιλέως ... δόντος; the coordination/ellipsis around πλὴν Ἀμφίσσης and the genitive Πατρέων is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἄλλοι | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive proper name Ἀμφίσσης. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἄρχονται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀμφίσσης | Ἄμφισσα | PROPN | N-PRI | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄλλοι | nmod | medium | Genitive singular; πλὴν Ἀμφίσσης means ‘except Amphissa’. Form may also be interpreted within an elliptical construction. |
| 4 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | Elided preposition governing the genitive Ἀχαιῶν. |
| 5 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-PRI | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἄρχονται | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with the passive/middle form ἄρχονται. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἄλλοι | det | high | Article substantivizing ἄλλοι. |
| 7 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἄρχονται | nsubj:pass | high | Substantivized nominative subject: ‘the other [cities/peoples]’. |
| 8 | Πατρέων | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N-PRI | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἄρχονται | nmod | medium | Genitive of relation or governance with ἄρχονται: ‘are ruled by the Patreans’; exact semantic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 9 | ἄρχονται | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PPM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle/passive-form present indicative, ‘are ruled/governed’. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | punc | _ | 9 ἄρχονται | punct | high | |
| 11 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 δόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 12 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 δόντος | iobj | high | Dative recipient with δόντος, referring to the governed communities. |
| 13 | δόντος | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἄρχονται | advcl | high | Aorist active genitive participle in a genitive absolute: ‘when/after Augustus granted them…’. |
| 14 | Αὐγούστου | Αὔγουστος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 δόντος | obj | high | Genitive proper name, object of δόντος. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | punc | _ | 9 ἄρχονται | punct | high |
ἐν Οἰανθείᾳ δὲ Ἀφροδίτης τε ἱερὸν καὶ ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν κυπαρίσσου τε ἀναμὶξ καὶ τῆς πίτυός ἐστιν ἄλσος καὶ ναός τε Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐν τῷ ἄλσει·
The sentence has εἰμί with coordinated nominative descriptions: an Aphrodite sanctuary, a grove, an Artemis temple, and a statue; ἀναμίξ governs the coordinated genitives κυπαρίσσου and πίτυος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | Case=Dat | 2 Οἰανθείᾳ | case | high | |
| 2 | Οἰανθείᾳ | Οἰάνθεια | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστιν | obl | high | Place name governed by ἐν. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject complement/content of ἐστίν. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 ἄλσος | cc | high | |
| 8 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀναμὶξ | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, modifying ἀναμίξ. |
| 9 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 11 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 11 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἄλσος | obl | high | Extent/location phrase modifying ἄλσος. |
| 12 | κυπαρίσσου | κυπάρισσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀναμὶξ | obl | medium | Genitive coordinated with πίτυος, governed semantically by ἀναμίξ. |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 12 κυπαρίσσου | cc | medium | Correlative τε links the two tree genitives. |
| 14 | ἀναμὶξ | ἀναμίξ | ADV | _ | _ | 19 ἄλσος | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘mixed together’. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 πίτυός | cc | medium | Coordinates the two genitive tree nouns. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πίτυός | det | high | |
| 17 | πίτυός | πίτυς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κυπαρίσσου | conj | high | |
| 18 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Main nominative subject; coordinated content follows. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ναός | cc | high | |
| 21 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἄλσος | conj | high | Coordinated nominative with ἄλσος. |
| 22 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 21 ναός | cc | high | |
| 23 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ναός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 25 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | |
| 25 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἄλσος | conj | high | Further coordinated nominative. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | Case=Dat | 28 ἄλσει | case | high | |
| 27 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἄλσει | det | high | |
| 28 | ἄλσει | ἄλσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἄγαλμα | obl | high | Location of the statue. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γραφαὶ δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν τοίχων ἐξίτηλοί τε ἦσαν ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου καὶ οὐδὲν ἔτι ἐλείπετο ἐς θέαν αὐτῶν.
The first clause has γραφαί as subject and ἐξίτηλοι as predicate adjective with ἦσαν; ὑπό + genitive expresses the agent/cause of fading. The second clause is impersonal/passive: οὐδέν is the subject of ἐλείπετο, with ἐς θέαν αὐτῶν expressing what remained for viewing.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γραφαὶ | γραφή | NOUN | N-?P-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 τοίχων | case | high | With genitive. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τοίχων | det | high | |
| 5 | τοίχων | τοῖχος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐξίτηλοί | obl | high | Prepositional locative adjunct. |
| 6 | ἐξίτηλοί | ἐξίτηλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective; feminine nominative plural agrees with γραφαί despite the form's potentially ambiguous masculine-looking ending. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐξίτηλοί | cc | high | Coordinates the first predicate with the following clause. |
| 8 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3PIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 χρόνου | case | high | Agent/cause phrase with genitive. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 χρόνου | det | high | |
| 11 | χρόνου | χρόνος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐξίτηλοί | obl:agent | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐλείπετο | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 13 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-NAN-SN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐλείπετο | nsubj | high | Substantive neuter pronoun, 'nothing'. |
| 14 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἐλείπετο | advmod | high | |
| 15 | ἐλείπετο | λείπω | VERB | V-3IMI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 8 ἦσαν | conj | high | Middle/passive-form verb, 'was left/remained'. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 θέαν | case | high | |
| 17 | θέαν | θέα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐλείπετο | obl | high | Purpose/reference phrase: 'for viewing'. |
| 18 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 θέαν | nmod | high | Refers to γραφαί. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦσαν | punct | high |