Grammar parses for passage 10.38.4
Open translation for this passage
Δελφῶν δὲ ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις εἴκοσί τε καὶ ἑκατόν ἐστιν Ἄμφισσα μεγίστη καὶ ὀνομαστοτάτη πόλις τῶν Λοκρῶν.
Copular clause: Ἄμφισσα is the subject and πόλις the predicative complement; Δελφῶν is genitive of reference/source with ἀπωτέρω, and σταδίοις εἴκοσί τε καὶ ἑκατόν is an instrumental measure phrase. The superlative adjectives agree with πόλις; τῶν Λοκρῶν is a partitive/genitive modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-------- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπωτέρω | obl | high | Genitive with ἀπωτέρω, expressing distance/reference from Delphi. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 9 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘farther away’. |
| 4 | σταδίοις | στάδιον | NOUN | N----Dat-Pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπωτέρω | obl | high | Dative of measure or extent. |
| 5 | εἴκοσί | εἴκοσι | NUM | M-------- | Number=Plur | 8 ἑκατόν | compound | high | Numeral in the coordinated number phrase. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 καὶ | cc | high | First member of τε καί coordination. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἑκατόν | cc | high | Coordinates the numeral components. |
| 8 | ἑκατόν | ἑκατόν | NUM | M-------- | Number=Plur | 4 σταδίοις | nummod | medium | Numeral completing εἴκοσί τε καὶ ἑκατόν; indeclinable form. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate. |
| 10 | Ἄμφισσα | Ἄμφισσα | PROPN | N----Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 11 | μεγίστη | μέγας | ADJ | A--S---NF | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 πόλις | amod | high | Superlative adjective modifying πόλις. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ὀνομαστοτάτη | cc | high | Coordinates the two superlative adjectives. |
| 13 | ὀνομαστοτάτη | ὀνομαστός | ADJ | A--S---NF | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 πόλις | amod | high | Superlative adjective modifying πόλις. |
| 14 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N----Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative nominative complement of ἐστιν. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Λοκρῶν | det | high | Article modifying Λοκρῶν. |
| 16 | Λοκρῶν | Λοκροί | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 πόλις | nmod | high | Genitive partitive or ethnic classification modifying πόλις. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐσποιοῦσι δὲ αὑτοὺς ἐς τὸ Αἰτωλικὸν αἰσχύνῃ τῶν Ὀζολῶν τοῦ ὀνόματος·
The verb ἐσποιοῦσι is taken as ἐσποιέω, ‘enroll/admit’, with αὑτούς as its object; ἐς τὸ Αἰτωλικόν is the destination/group, while αἰσχύνῃ governs the genitives τῶν Ὀζολῶν τοῦ ὀνόματος. The exact semantic relation of αἰσχύνῃ is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐσποιοῦσι | ἐσποιέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely ἐσποιέω, ‘enroll/admit’; spelling and inflection are interpreted accordingly. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 1 ἐσποιοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὑτοὺς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 1 ἐσποιοῦσι | obj | high | Reflexive pronoun, object of ἐσποιοῦσι. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Αἰτωλικὸν | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Αἰτωλικὸν | det | high | |
| 6 | Αἰτωλικὸν | Αἰτωλικός | ADJ | A-SNA | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐσποιοῦσι | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘the Aetolian [group/league]’. |
| 7 | αἰσχύνῃ | αἰσχύνη | NOUN | N-SFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐσποιοῦσι | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/means or manner; exact attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-PGN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Ὀζολῶν | det | high | |
| 9 | Ὀζολῶν | Ὀζολοί | PROPN | N-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 αἰσχύνῃ | nmod | high | Ethnic name, genitive plural. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ὀνόματος | det | high | |
| 11 | ὀνόματος | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 Ὀζολῶν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Ὀζολῶν, likely specifying the name/denomination of the Ozoli. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐσποιοῦσι | punct | high |
καὶ δὴ καὶ ἔχει λόγον εἰκότα, ὅτε βασιλεὺς ὁ Ῥωμαίων ἀναστάτους ἐς τὸν Νικοπόλεως συνοικισμὸν ἐποίησεν Αἰτωλούς, ἀποχωρῆσαι τοῦ δήμου τὸ πολὺ ἐς τὴν Ἄμφισσαν.
The infinitive ἀποχωρῆσαι is an explanatory/complementary infinitive after ἔχει λόγον εἰκότα; ὅτε introduces the historical clause. ἀναστάτους is the predicative object complement of ἐποίησεν, with Αἰτωλούς as object. The phrase τοῦ δήμου τὸ πολὺ means ‘the greater part of the people’, with τὸ πολὺ functioning substantivally and governing the following infinitive’s understood subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | Adv | _ | 4 ἔχει | discourse | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | Conj | _ | 4 ἔχει | advmod | medium | Correlative/emphatic καὶ δή καί. |
| 4 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 6 | εἰκότα | εἰκός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λόγον | amod | high | Adjectival ‘reasonable/plausible’, agreeing with λόγον. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | Adv | _ | 17 ἐποίησεν | mark | high | |
| 9 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεὺς | det | high | |
| 11 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 βασιλεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλεύς: ‘king of the Romans’. |
| 12 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | Predicative object complement of Αἰτωλούς with ἐποίησεν. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 16 συνοικισμὸν | case | high | |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 συνοικισμὸν | det | high | |
| 15 | Νικοπόλεως | Νικόπολις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 συνοικισμὸν | nmod | high | Genitive place-name modifying συνοικισμός. |
| 16 | συνοικισμὸν | συνοικισμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Destination/goal phrase ἐς τὸν Νικοπόλεως συνοικισμόν. |
| 17 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 4 ἔχει | advcl | high | Aorist historical verb in the ὅτε-clause. |
| 18 | Αἰτωλούς | Αἰτωλός | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀποχωρῆσαι | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἔχει | xcomp | medium | Explanatory infinitive complement to ἔχει λόγον; its understood subject is τὸ πολὺ τοῦ δήμου. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 δήμου | det | high | |
| 22 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 πολὺ | nmod | high | Genitive partitive with τὸ πολὺ. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 πολὺ | det | high | Article substantivizing πολὺ. |
| 24 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀποχωρῆσαι | nsubj | high | Substantival neuter: ‘the greater part’. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 27 Ἄμφισσαν | case | high | |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Ἄμφισσαν | det | high | |
| 27 | Ἄμφισσαν | Ἄμφισσα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀποχωρῆσαι | obl | high | Goal of ἀποχωρῆσαι. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχει | punct | high |
τὸ μέντοι ἐξ ἀρχῆς γένους τοῦ Λοκρῶν εἰσι·
Copular clause: τὸ ... γένος is the predicate nominal, while εἰσι is plural with an understood plural subject; the wording is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | article-nom/acc-neut-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 γένους | det | high | Neuter article with γένος. |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | part | _ | 8 εἰσι | discourse | high | Postpositive adversative particle. |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | prep-gen | _ | 4 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Elided form of ἐκ before a vowel; governs ἀρχῆς. |
| 4 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | noun-gen-fem-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 γένους | nmod | high | Genitive phrase ἐξ ἀρχῆς modifying γένους. |
| 5 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | noun-gen-neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσι | nsubj | medium | Predicate nominal subject/complement construction with εἰσι; article and modifiers point to neuter singular γένος. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-gen-masc/neut-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Λοκρῶν | det | high | Article introducing the dependent genitive. |
| 7 | Λοκρῶν | Λοκρός | PROPN | proper-noun-gen-masc-pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Geo|Number=Plur | 5 γένους | nmod | high | Genitive plural ethnic name, dependent on γένους. |
| 8 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | verb-pres-ind-act-3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present copula; plural agrees with the understood plural referent despite neuter singular predicate γένος. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |