Grammar parses for passage 10.7.4
Open translation for this passage
τῆς δὲ τεσσαρακοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος καὶ ὀγδόης, ἣν Γλαυκίας ὁ Κροτωνιάτης ἐνίκησε, ταύτης ἔτει τρίτῳ ἆθλα ἔθεσαν οἱ Ἀμφικτύονες κιθαρῳδίας μὲν καθὰ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, προσέθεσαν δὲ καὶ αὐλῳδίας ἀγώνισμα καὶ αὐλῶν·
The opening genitive phrase modifies an understood temporal reference: in the third year of the 48th Olympiad, whose victor was Glaucias; ἆθλα is the object of ἔθεσαν and the later predicates are coordinated, with μὲν … δὲ contrast.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ὀλυμπιάδος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἔθεσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τεσσαρακοστῆς | τεσσαρακοστός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | |
| 4 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔτει | nmod | high | Part of the temporal genitive phrase. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ὀγδόης | cc | high | |
| 6 | ὀγδόης | ὄγδοος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Coordinates with τεσσαρακοστῆς in the ordinal expression. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐνίκησε | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐνίκησε | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἐνίκησε; refers to Ὀλυμπιάδα. |
| 9 | Γλαυκίας | Γλαυκίας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐνίκησε | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Κροτωνιάτης | det | high | |
| 11 | Κροτωνιάτης | Κροτωνιάτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Γλαυκίας | appos | high | Ethnic/name apposition to Γλαυκίας. |
| 12 | ἐνίκησε | νικάω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 4 Ὀλυμπιάδος | acl:relcl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔτει | punct | high | |
| 14 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔτει | nmod | high | Anaphoric genitive, ‘of this [Olympiad]’. |
| 15 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔθεσαν | obl | high | Temporal dative phrase with τρίτῳ. |
| 16 | τρίτῳ | τρίτος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἔτει | amod | high | |
| 17 | ἆθλα | ἆθλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἔθεσαν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἔθεσαν | τίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 Ἀμφικτύονες | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀμφικτύονες | Ἀμφικτύονες | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἔθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | κιθαρῳδίας | κιθαρῳδία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἆθλα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the contests. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 21 κιθαρῳδίας | discourse | high | Correlative with δέ at token 29. |
| 23 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 προσέθεσαν | mark | medium | Introduces an elliptical comparison/qualification, ‘as also’. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 καθὰ | advmod | high | |
| 25 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 26 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 προσέθεσαν | obl | high | With ἐξ; elliptical reference to the original arrangement. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 προσέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 28 | προσέθεσαν | προστίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 18 ἔθεσαν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate; subject is shared. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 προσέθεσαν | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μὲν. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 αὐλῳδίας | cc | high | |
| 31 | αὐλῳδίας | αὐλῳδία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἀγώνισμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀγώνισμα. |
| 32 | ἀγώνισμα | ἀγώνισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 προσέθεσαν | obj | high | Object of προσέθεσαν; coordinated with αὐλῶν. |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 αὐλῶν | cc | high | |
| 34 | αὐλῶν | αὐλός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἀγώνισμα | conj | high | Coordinated genitive specifying the contest. |
| 35 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 προσέθεσαν | punct | high |
ἀνηγορεύθησαν δὲ νικῶντες Κεφαλήν τε Μελάμπους κιθαρῳδίᾳ καὶ αὐλῳδὸς Ἀρκὰς Ἐχέμβροτος, Σακάδας δὲ Ἀργεῖος ἐπὶ τοῖς αὐλοῖς·
The passive ἀνηγορεύθησαν governs a coordinated nominal predicate: Κεφαλήν τε Μελάμπους ... and αὐλῳδὸς Ἀρκὰς Ἐχέμβροτος, with Σακάδας ... as a further coordinated predicate/name; νικῶντες is a circumstantial participle. The case of Κεφαλήν and Μελάμπους is textually/syntactically difficult; Κεφαλήν is treated as an accusative title/name and Μελάμπους as its genitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνηγορεύθησαν | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | νικῶντες | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle; its understood subject is the persons proclaimed, or the proclamations' subjects. |
| 4 | Κεφαλήν | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | xcomp | low | Likely a title/name in the coordinated predicate; accusative syntax is difficult. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Κεφαλήν | cc | high | |
| 6 | Μελάμπους | Μέλαμπος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Κεφαλήν | nmod | low | Genitive form is morphologically compatible with Μελάμπους; syntactic relation to Κεφαλήν is uncertain. |
| 7 | κιθαρῳδίᾳ | κιθαρῳδία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 νικῶντες | obl | high | Dative of instrumental/competitive sphere with νικῶντες. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 αὐλῳδὸς | cc | high | |
| 9 | αὐλῳδὸς | αὐλῳδός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | xcomp | medium | Coordinated nominal predicate/name; nominative rather than expected accusative may reflect textual or constructional irregularity. |
| 10 | Ἀρκὰς | Ἀρκάς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἐχέμβροτος | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally. |
| 11 | Ἐχέμβροτος | Ἐχέμβροτος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 αὐλῳδὸς | appos | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | Σακάδας | Σακάδας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | conj | medium | Further coordinated person/name in the proclamation sequence. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Σακάδας | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | Ἀργεῖος | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Σακάδας | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 13 Σακάδας | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 αὐλοῖς | det | high | |
| 18 | αὐλοῖς | αὐλός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Σακάδας | obl | high | Object/sphere of competition with ἐπί. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνηγορεύθησαν | punct | high |
ἀνείλετο δὲ ὁ Σακάδας οὗτος καὶ ἄλλας δύο τὰς ἐφεξῆς ταύτης πυθιάδας.
The verb ἀνείλετο governs Σακάδας as subject and πυθιάδας as object; ταύτης modifies πυθιάδας, while ἐφεξῆς is an attributive adverbial modifier meaning 'following'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνείλετο | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 ἀνείλετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Σακάδας | det | high | |
| 4 | Σακάδας | Σακάδας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνείλετο | nsubj | high | Personal name. |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Σακάδας | appos | high | Demonstrative apposition to the proper name. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλας | cc | high | Coordinates the additional object phrase. |
| 7 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 πυθιάδας | amod | high | |
| 8 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 πυθιάδας | nummod | medium | Attributive numeral; gender is syntactically feminine by agreement, though the indeclinable form does not overtly mark it. |
| 9 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 πυθιάδας | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 πυθιάδας | advmod | medium | Adverb used attributively with πυθιάδας: 'following/in succession'. |
| 11 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐφεξῆς | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐφεξῆς, 'following this one'. |
| 12 | πυθιάδας | Πυθιάς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνείλετο | obj | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνείλετο | punct | high |