Grammar parses for passage 10.7.8
Open translation for this passage
διαλιπόντες δὲ ἀπὸ ταύτης μίαν κέλητι ἔθεσαν δρόμον πώλῳ, ἐνάτῃ δὲ ἐπὶ ταῖς ἑξήκοντα συνωρίδι πωλικῇ, καὶ ἐπὶ μὲν τῷ πώλῳ τῷ κέλητι Λυκόρμας ἀνηγορεύθη Λαρισαῖος, Πτολεμαῖος δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ συνωρίδι Μακεδών·
The sentence coordinates two race events; διαλιπόντες is an adverbial circumstantial participle with implicit subject, while ἔθεσαν governs δρόμον with event-specific instrumental/dative complements. The final clauses use ἀνηγορεύθη with predicative ethnic names; exact case analysis of πώλῳ/κέλητι is somewhat idiomatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαλιπόντες | διαλείπω | VERB | V-PAAP-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 ἔθεσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject understood from ἔθεσαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 διαλιπόντες | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ταύτης | case | high | |
| 4 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Demonstrative | 1 διαλιπόντες | obl | high | Object of separation with ἀπό. |
| 5 | μίαν | εἷς | NUM | A-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|NumType=Card|Number=Singular | 6 κέλητι | amod | high | Numeral modifying κέλητι. |
| 6 | κέλητι | κέλης | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 ἔθεσαν | obl | medium | Dative of means/competition, coordinated conceptually with συνωρίδι. |
| 7 | ἔθεσαν | τίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | δρόμον | δρόμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 ἔθεσαν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔθεσαν. |
| 9 | πώλῳ | πῶλος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 ἔθεσαν | obl | medium | Dative specifying the race category/animal. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐνάτῃ | ἔνατος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 συνωρίδι | amod | high | Ordinal modifying συνωρίδι; elliptical repetition of ἔθεσαν δρόμον. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἐνάτῃ | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 συνωρίδι | case | high | |
| 14 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 15 ἑξήκοντα | det | high | |
| 15 | ἑξήκοντα | ἑξήκοντα | NUM | A-NPF | Case=Indeclinable|NumType=Card|Number=Plural | 16 συνωρίδι | nummod | medium | Indeclinable numeral in the phrase ταῖς ἑξήκοντα συνωρίσι. |
| 16 | συνωρίδι | συνωρίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 ἔθεσαν | obl | high | Dative complement specifying the second race. |
| 17 | πωλικῇ | πωλικός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 συνωρίδι | amod | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | cc | high | Coordinates the result/reporting clause with the preceding account. |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 πώλῳ | case | high | |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | advmod | high | Correlative μέν paired with δέ at token 31. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 23 πώλῳ | det | high | |
| 23 | πώλῳ | πῶλος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | obl | high | Object of ἐπί, identifying the event. |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 25 κέλητι | det | high | |
| 25 | κέλητι | κέλης | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 23 πώλῳ | appos | high | Appositional specification of the pony category. |
| 26 | Λυκόρμας | Λυκόρμας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | nsubj:pass | high | Personal name, nominative subject of the passive verb. |
| 27 | ἀνηγορεύθη | ἀναγορεύω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | parataxis | high | Finite reporting clause; coordination with καί. |
| 28 | Λαρισαῖος | Λαρισαῖος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | xcomp | medium | Predicative ethnic designation after ἀνηγορεύθη. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high | |
| 30 | Πτολεμαῖος | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 35 Μακεδών | nsubj | high | Subject of the elliptical second reporting clause. |
| 31 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 Μακεδών | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 32 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 34 συνωρίδι | case | high | |
| 33 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 34 συνωρίδι | det | high | |
| 34 | συνωρίδι | συνωρίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 35 Μακεδών | obl | high | Object of ἐπί, identifying the second event. |
| 35 | Μακεδών | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | parataxis | medium | Elliptical second clause: Πτολεμαῖος [ἀνηγορεύθη] Μακεδών. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀνηγορεύθη | punct | high |
ἔχαιρον γὰρ δὴ Μακεδόνες οἱ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καλούμενοι βασιλεῖς, καθάπερ γε ἦσαν.
The subject is Μακεδόνες, modified by οἱ ... καλούμενοι βασιλεῖς: ‘the Macedonians who were called kings in Egypt’; καθάπερ introduces a comparison with elliptical or repeated characterization, and γε is an emphatic particle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχαιρον | χαίρω | VERB | V2IAI3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X | _ | 1 ἔχαιρον | discourse | high | Causal connective particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 1 ἔχαιρον | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | Μακεδόνες | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἔχαιρον | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 καλούμενοι | det | high | Substantivizing article with the participial phrase. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 7 Αἰγύπτῳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Αἰγύπτῳ | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 καλούμενοι | obl | high | |
| 8 | καλούμενοι | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 9 βασιλεῖς | acl | high | Participial modifier of βασιλεῖς, within the οἱ ... βασιλεῖς phrase. |
| 9 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Μακεδόνες | appos | high | Appositional predicative designation of Μακεδόνες; the article and participle form a restrictive nominal phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχαιρον | punct | high | |
| 11 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | ADV | D | _ | 13 ἦσαν | advmod | high | Comparative subordinating adverb/conjunction. |
| 12 | γε | γε | PART | X | _ | 13 ἦσαν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 13 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 1 ἔχαιρον | conj | medium | Elliptical comparative clause; καθάπερ may imply ‘just as they indeed were’. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχαιρον | punct | high |