Grammar parses for passage 10.8.10
Open translation for this passage
ἤκουσα δὲ καὶ ἄλλο τοιόνδε, τὸ ὕδωρ τῇ Κασταλίᾳ ποταμοῦ δῶρον εἶναι τοῦ Κηφισοῦ.
The syntax is an indirect statement after ἤκουσα, with an accusative subject (τὸ ὕδωρ) and infinitive εἶναι; the noun phrase δῶρον has genitive modifiers identifying its source/possession.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-1aia-1s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pt | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 4 ἄλλο | cc | high | Connects ἄλλο to the previous clause contextually. |
| 4 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-asmn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἤκουσα | obj | high | Accusative object of ἤκουσα. |
| 5 | τοιόνδε | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-asmn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄλλο | amod | high | Attributive modifier of ἄλλο. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-asmn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article with ὕδωρ. |
| 8 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-asmn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive εἶναι in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-dsf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Κασταλίᾳ | det | high | Article with Κασταλίᾳ. |
| 10 | Κασταλίᾳ | Κασταλία | PROPN | Ne-dsf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative complement with εἶναι, expressing association/recipient. |
| 11 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | N-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δῶρον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of δῶρον. |
| 12 | δῶρον | δῶρον | NOUN | N-asn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement in infinitival clause; could also be treated as object-like predicative noun. |
| 13 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἤκουσα introducing indirect statement. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Κηφισοῦ | det | high | Article with Κηφισοῦ. |
| 15 | Κηφισοῦ | Κηφισός | PROPN | Ne-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δῶρον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of δῶρον. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦτο ἐποίησε καὶ Ἀλκαῖος ἐν προοιμίῳ τῷ ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα·
The phrase τῷ ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα is syntactically awkward; I treated it as an oblique modifier of προοιμίῳ with the article attached to the following prepositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Demonstrative pronoun used as object. |
| 2 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c | _ | 2 ἐποίησε | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking the subject with another coordinated element or clause-level addition. |
| 4 | Ἀλκαῖος | Ἀλκαῖος | PROPN | Np-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποίησε | nsubj | high | Subject of the verb. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 6 προοιμίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 6 | προοιμίῳ | προοίμιον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποίησε | obl | high | Adverbial oblique with ἐν. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-S---d- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἀπόλλωνα | det | medium | Article modifying the following prepositional phrase; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 9 Ἀπόλλωνα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 9 | Ἀπόλλωνα | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Np-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 προοιμίῳ | nmod | medium | Likely genitive-like attributive phrase after the article; with ἐς this is syntactically somewhat awkward, but token alignment suggests dependent of προοιμίῳ. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποίησε | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
βεβαιοῦνται δὲ οὐχ ἥκιστα οἱ Λιλαιεῖς, οἳ ἐς τοῦ Κηφισοῦ τὴν πηγὴν πέμματα ἐπιχώρια καὶ ἄλλα ὁπόσα νομίζουσιν ἀφιᾶσιν ἔν τισιν εἰρημέναις ἡμέραις, καὶ αὖθις ἐν τῇ Κασταλίᾳ φασὶν αὐτὰ ἀναφαίνεσθαι.
The syntax is a chain of a main statement, a relative clause (οἳ ... ἀφιᾶσιν), and a coordinated reported-speech clause with infinitival complement after φασὶν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | βεβαιοῦνται | βεβαιόω | VERB | V-3PPMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 1 βεβαιοῦνται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | _ | 4 ἥκιστα | advmod | high | Negating adverb with elision before consonant. |
| 4 | ἥκιστα | ἥκιστα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 1 βεβαιοῦνται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying βεβαιοῦνται. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-3PAMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Λιλαιεῖς | det | high | Article with ethnic noun. |
| 6 | Λιλαιεῖς | Λιλαιεύς | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 βεβαιοῦνται | nsubj | high | Subject of βεβαιοῦνται. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Λιλαιεῖς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 ἀφιᾶσιν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing clause. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 πηγὴν | case | high | Preposition governing πηγὴν. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-SGAMG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Κηφισοῦ | det | high | Article modifying Κηφισοῦ. |
| 11 | Κηφισοῦ | Κηφισός | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πηγὴν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive in prepositional phrase. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-SFAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 πηγὴν | det | high | Article with πηγὴν. |
| 13 | πηγὴν | πηγή | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀφιᾶσιν | obl | high | Goal/location phrase with ἐς. |
| 14 | πέμματα | πέμμα | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἀφιᾶσιν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀφιᾶσιν. |
| 15 | ἐπιχώρια | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 πέμματα | amod | high | Attributive adjective. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 ἄλλα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 17 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 πέμματα | conj | high | Coordinated object adjective/noun phrase. |
| 18 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | R-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 νομίζουσιν | obj | high | Object of νομίζουσιν. |
| 19 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 17 ἄλλα | acl | medium | Relative clause modifying ἄλλα; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 20 | ἀφιᾶσιν | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 οἳ | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause. |
| 21 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 24 ἡμέραις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 22 | τισιν | τις | PRON | P-P---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 24 ἡμέραις | det | medium | Indefinite pronoun modifying ἡμέραις; form could be interpreted as enclitic indefinite. |
| 23 | εἰρημέναις | λέγω | VERB | V-PPRPFDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 24 ἡμέραις | amod | high | Perfect participle agreeing with ἡμέραις. |
| 24 | ἡμέραις | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἀφιᾶσιν | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἔν. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀφιᾶσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 31 φασὶν | cc | high | Coordinator linking finite clauses. |
| 27 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D--------- | _ | 31 φασὶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φασὶν. |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 30 Κασταλίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 29 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-SFAD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 Κασταλίᾳ | det | high | Article with Κασταλίᾳ. |
| 30 | Κασταλίᾳ | Κασταλία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 φασὶν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 31 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 βεβαιοῦνται | conj | high | Coordinated main predicate. |
| 32 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 33 ἀναφαίνεσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀναφαίνεσθαι. |
| 33 | ἀναφαίνεσθαι | ἀναφαίνω | VERB | V-PMN---N- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 31 φασὶν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive after φασὶν. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 βεβαιοῦνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |