Grammar parses for passage 10.8.9
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ δὲ τοῦ γυμνασίου τὴν ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἀνιόντι ἔστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ τὸ ὕδωρ τῆς Κασταλίας, καὶ πιεῖν ἡδὺ καὶ λοῦσθαι καλόν.
The construction has an understood ὕδωρ as the subject of ἔστιν; ἀνιόντι is a dative singular participle agreeing with an implied traveler, while πιεῖν and λοῦσθαι are complementary infinitives with predicative adjectives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 4 γυμνασίου | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γυμνασίου | det | high | |
| 4 | γυμνασίου | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνιόντι | obl | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | det | medium | Article substantivizes or introduces the directional phrase; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 8 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνιόντι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the sanctuary'. |
| 9 | ἀνιόντι | ἄνειμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely circumstantial with an implied traveler; directional complements are understood. |
| 10 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 12 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 12 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, 'on the right'. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ὁδοῦ | det | high | |
| 14 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δεξιᾷ | nmod | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 16 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Postposed subject of ἔστιν. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Κασταλίας | det | high | |
| 18 | Κασταλίας | Κασταλία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὕδωρ | nmod | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πιεῖν | cc | high | |
| 21 | πιεῖν | πίνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 22 ἡδὺ | nsubj | medium | Articular/subject infinitive construction is elliptical; infinitive functions as the subject of ἡδύ. |
| 22 | ἡδὺ | ἡδύς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | conj | medium | Predicative adjective with infinitival subject πιεῖν; coordinated with the following λοῦσθαι καλόν clause. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 λοῦσθαι | cc | high | |
| 24 | λοῦσθαι | λούω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 25 καλόν | nsubj | high | Infinitive subject of καλόν. |
| 25 | καλόν | καλός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | conj | medium | Predicative adjective with λοῦσθαι; coordinated with ἡδύ. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔστιν | punct | high |
δοῦναι δὲ τὸ ὄνομα τῇ πηγῇ γυναῖκα λέγουσιν ἐπιχωρίαν, οἱ δὲ ἄνδρα Καστάλιον·
The sentence contrasts two reported explanations: one says a local woman gave the spring its name, while others say it was a man named Καστάλιος; the second clause is syntactically elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V--ANF | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγουσιν in reported speech. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 4 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N--SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 δοῦναι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object construction with δοῦναι; semantically the name is given. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πηγῇ | det | high | |
| 6 | πηγῇ | πηγή | NOUN | N--SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 δοῦναι | obl | high | Dative recipient/goal with δοῦναι. |
| 7 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N--SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Accusative object of λέγουσιν, with ἐπιχωρίαν as its predicate-like modifier. |
| 8 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐπιχωρίαν | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A--SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 γυναῖκα | amod | high | Agrees with γυναῖκα; predicative sense ‘local/native’. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P--NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἄνδρα | nsubj | medium | Substantival οἱ, ‘some/others’, understood with λέγουσιν. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Accusative object in the coordinated ellipted construction; understood ‘say [the name to be] a man’. |
| 14 | Καστάλιον | Καστάλιος | PROPN | A--SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἄνδρα | appos | medium | Proper-name apposition to ἄνδρα; transmitted form may function as the name Castalius. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
Πανύασσις δὲ ὁ Πολυάρχου πεποιηκὼς ἐς Ἡρακλέα ἔπη θυγατέρα Ἀχελῴου τὴν Κασταλίαν φησὶν εἶναι.
φησὶν εἶναι takes an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Κασταλίαν is the accusative subject and θυγατέρα Ἀχελῴου the predicate accusative; πεποιηκώς is a circumstantial participle modifying Πανύασσις.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πανύασσις | Πανύασσις | PROPN | N--SN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φησὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 φησὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πολυάρχου | det | high | |
| 4 | Πολυάρχου | Πολύαρχος | PROPN | N--SGM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πεποιηκὼς | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on the participle’s implied subject. |
| 5 | πεποιηκὼς | ποιέω | VERB | V-RAPNSM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 φησὶν | advcl | high | Perfect active participle, ‘having composed’; its subject is Πανύασσις. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P-------- | _ | 7 Ἡρακλέα | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--SAM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἔπη | nmod | high | Object of the preposition within the title/topic phrase. |
| 8 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N--PAN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πεποιηκὼς | obj | high | Object of πεποιηκώς. |
| 9 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N--SFA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 εἶναι | predicative | medium | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 10 | Ἀχελῴου | Ἀχελῷος | PROPN | N--SGM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---SFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Κασταλίαν | det | high | |
| 12 | Κασταλίαν | Κασταλία | PROPN | N--SFA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατέρα | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 13 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησίν. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 φησὶν | punct | high |
λέγει γὰρ δὴ περὶ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους·
The finite verb λέγει is the root; γάρ and δή are discourse particles, and περὶ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους is its prepositional topic phrase. The subject is unexpressed and recoverable from context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγει | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 1 λέγει | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G | _ | 1 λέγει | discourse | high | |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 6 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λέγει | obl | high | Genitive governed by περὶ; the phrase is a topic/oblique complement of λέγει. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγει | punct | high |
Παρνησσὸν νιφόεντα θοοῖς διὰ ποσσὶ περήσας ἵκετο Κασταλίης Ἀχελωΐδος ἄμβροτον ὕδωρ.
Main verb ἵκετο takes the coordinated accusative path/object sequence Παρνησσόν ... ὕδωρ; περήσας is aorist participle agreeing with the implicit subject, and Κασταλίης Ἀχελωΐδος is a genitive-modifying name phrase for ὕδωρ. The meter-influenced forms θοοῖς and ποσσὶ are dative plural, with διὰ governing ποσσὶ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Παρνησσὸν | Παρνασσός | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἵκετο | obj | high | Accusative geographical name, coordinated with ὕδωρ as the destination/object of ἵκετο. |
| 2 | νιφόεντα | νιφόεις | ADJ | A----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Παρνησσὸν | amod | high | Accusative masculine singular adjective agreeing with Παρνησσόν. |
| 3 | θοοῖς | θοός | ADJ | A----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ποσσὶ | amod | medium | Dative plural adjective, probably modifying ποσσὶ; poetic form and syntax are somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ποσσὶ | case | high | Preposition governing dative ποσσὶ in the sense 'by/with'. |
| 5 | ποσσὶ | πούς | NOUN | N----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 περήσας | obl | high | Poetic dative plural of πούς, governed by διά. |
| 6 | περήσας | περάω | VERB | V---SAPMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἵκετο | advcl | high | Aorist active nominative masculine singular participle, subject controlled by the implicit subject of ἵκετο. |
| 7 | ἵκετο | ἱκνέομαι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite aorist middle verb, 'came/reached'. |
| 8 | Κασταλίης | Κασταλία | PROPN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀχελωΐδος | nmod | high | Genitive proper name modifying Ἀχελωΐδος in the water-name phrase. |
| 9 | Ἀχελωΐδος | Ἀχελωΐς | PROPN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὕδωρ | nmod | medium | Genitive feminine proper name, likely appositional or attributive within the designation of ὕδωρ. |
| 10 | ἄμβροτον | ἄμβροτος | ADJ | A----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὕδωρ | amod | high | Accusative neuter singular adjective agreeing with ὕδωρ. |
| 11 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἵκετο | obj | high | Accusative neuter singular noun, coordinated semantically with Παρνησσόν as the goal/object of ἵκετο. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἵκετο | punct | high |