Grammar parses for passage 10.8.8
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ τοῦ γυμνασίου τῷ ὑπαίθρῳ πεφυκέναι ποτὲ ἀγρίαν φασὶν ὕλην, καὶ Ὀδυσσέα, ἡνίκα ὡς τὸν Αὐτόλυκον ἀφικόμενος μετὰ τοῦ Αὐτολύκου τῶν παίδων ἐθήρευε, τότε αὐτὸν τὸ τραῦμα τὸ ὑπὲρ τοῦ γόνατος ἐνταῦθα σχεῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ συός.
Reported speech is governed by φασίν: πεφυκέναι has ὕλην as accusative subject, while the coordinated Odysseus phrase introduces a temporal clause and the subsequent infinitive σχεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ὑπαίθρῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γυμνασίου | det | high | |
| 4 | γυμνασίου | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὑπαίθρῳ | nmod | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὑπαίθρῳ | det | high | |
| 6 | ὑπαίθρῳ | ὕπαιθρος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 πεφυκέναι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: the open-air area. |
| 7 | πεφυκέναι | φύω | VERB | V-RAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 10 φασὶν | ccomp | medium | Perfect infinitive in reported speech. |
| 8 | ποτὲ | ποτέ | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 πεφυκέναι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἀγρίαν | ἄγριος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὕλην | amod | high | |
| 10 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ὕλην | ὕλη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πεφυκέναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Ὀδυσσέα | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ὀδυσσέα | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 φασὶν | obj | medium | Second accusative constituent coordinated in the reported construction. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Ὀδυσσέα | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 26 ἐθήρευε | mark | high | |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 Αὐτόλυκον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Αὐτόλυκον | det | high | |
| 19 | Αὐτόλυκον | Αὐτόλυκος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀφικόμενος | obl | high | |
| 20 | ἀφικόμενος | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 26 ἐθήρευε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject Odysseus. |
| 21 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 Αὐτολύκου | case | high | |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Αὐτολύκου | det | high | |
| 23 | Αὐτολύκου | Αὐτόλυκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐθήρευε | obl | high | |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 παίδων | det | high | |
| 25 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Αὐτολύκου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Αὐτολύκου: his sons/children. |
| 26 | ἐθήρευε | θηρεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 14 Ὀδυσσέα | acl | medium | Finite verb in the temporal clause; subject is Odysseus. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐθήρευε | punct | high | |
| 28 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 37 σχεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 29 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 37 σχεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive σχεῖν. |
| 30 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 τραῦμα | det | high | |
| 31 | τραῦμα | τραῦμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 σχεῖν | obj | high | Thing possessed/received with σχεῖν. |
| 32 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ὑπὲρ | det | high | |
| 33 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 γόνατος | case | high | |
| 34 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 γόνατος | det | high | |
| 35 | γόνατος | γόνυ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 τραῦμα | nmod | high | ὑπὲρ τοῦ γόνατος modifies τραῦμα; τὸ is article used substantivally/adjectivally. |
| 36 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 37 σχεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 37 | σχεῖν | ἔχω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 ἐθήρευε | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated conceptually with the preceding reported infinitive; governed within the Odysseus clause. |
| 38 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 40 συός | case | high | |
| 39 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 συός | det | high | |
| 40 | συός | σῦς | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 σχεῖν | obl:agent | high | |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φασὶν | punct | high |
τραπομένῳ δὲ ἐς ἀριστερὰν ἀπὸ τοῦ γυμνασίου καὶ ὑποκαταβάντι οὐ πλέον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἢ τρία στάδια, ποταμός ἐστιν ὀνομαζόμενος Πλεῖστος·
The sentence has an implicit generic traveler as subject of the circumstantial participles τραπομένῳ and ὑποκαταβάντι; ποταμός ἐστιν is the main clause, with ὀνομαζόμενος agreeing with ποταμός and Πλεῖστος as its name/predicate nominal. The phrase οὐ πλέον ... ἢ τρία στάδια modifies the distance implied by the participial route; δοκεῖν is an infinitive in the parenthetic expression ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τραπομένῳ | τρέπω | VERB | V-APPMSD | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 18 ποταμός | advcl | medium | Circumstantial aorist middle participle; dative is best understood as agreeing with an implicit traveler. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ποταμός | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἀριστερὰν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 4 | ἀριστερὰν | ἀριστερός | NOUN | A-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 τραπομένῳ | obl | medium | Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘the left’; direction with ἐς. |
| 5 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 γυμνασίου | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 7 γυμνασίου | det | high | |
| 7 | γυμνασίου | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 τραπομένῳ | obl | high | Source phrase ἀπὸ τοῦ γυμνασίου. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ὑποκαταβάντι | cc | high | |
| 9 | ὑποκαταβάντι | ὑποκαταβαίνω | VERB | V-AAPMSD | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 τραπομένῳ | conj | medium | Coordinated circumstantial participle, sharing the implicit dative referent of τραπομένῳ. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 πλέον | advmod | high | |
| 11 | πλέον | πολύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 δοκεῖν | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative, ‘more/farther’; governs the comparison with ἤ. |
| 12 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dative|Number=Singular|Person=First | 13 δοκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative of opinion with δοκεῖν. |
| 13 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 18 ποταμός | parataxis | medium | Parenthetic infinitive in ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν, ‘as it seems to me’; attachment to the main clause is somewhat loose. |
| 14 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 στάδια | cc | high | Introduces the comparative standard. |
| 15 | τρία | τρεῖς | NUM | A-NPA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 16 στάδια | nummod | high | |
| 16 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | N-NPA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 11 πλέον | obl | medium | Accusative measure of distance, completing πλέον. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ποταμός | punct | high | |
| 18 | ποταμός | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 19 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 18 ποταμός | cop | high | |
| 20 | ὀνομαζόμενος | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPMSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 18 ποταμός | acl | high | Agreeing participle, ‘called/named’. |
| 21 | Πλεῖστος | Πλεῖστος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 20 ὀνομαζόμενος | xcomp | medium | Proper name functioning as the name complement of ὀνομαζόμενος. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ποταμός | punct | high |
οὗτος ὁ Πλεῖστος ἐπὶ Κίρραν τὸ ἐπίνειον Δελφῶν καὶ τὴν ταύτῃ κάτεισι θάλασσαν.
The sentence is elliptical/awkward: οὗτος ὁ Πλεῖστος is the subject, with κάτεισι governing the coordinated accusative phrases τὸ ἐπίνειον Δελφῶν and τὴν ... θάλασσαν; ταύτῃ is an adverbial/demonstrative modifier meaning 'there/by this route'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κάτεισι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | D | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Πλεῖστος | det | high | |
| 3 | Πλεῖστος | Πλεῖστος | PROPN | N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 οὗτος | appos | high | Proper name; nominative form retained as lemma. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 5 Κίρραν | case | high | With accusative here, directional 'against/toward'. |
| 5 | Κίρραν | Κίρρα | PROPN | N | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κάτεισι | obl | high | Directional accusative with ἐπί. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | D | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίνειον | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐπίνειον | ἐπίνειον | NOUN | N | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 κάτεισι | obj | high | Accusative object; substantive neuter noun. |
| 8 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐπίνειον | nmod | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 κάτεισι | cc | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 θάλασσαν | det | high | |
| 11 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | ADV | PDDSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 θάλασσαν | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial dative 'there/by this route'; syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 12 | κάτεισι | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Present indicative, 3rd singular; root. |
| 13 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κάτεισι | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object with τὸ ἐπίνειον. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 κάτεισι | punct | high |