Grammar parses for passage 2.11.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐντεῦθεν δὲ ἀποτραπεῖσιν ἐπὶ πύλην καλουμένην Ἱεράν, οὐ πόρρω τῆς πύλης ναός ἐστιν Ἀθηνᾶς, ὃν Ἐπωπεύς ποτε ἀνέθηκε μεγέθει καὶ κόσμῳ τοὺς τότε ὑπερβεβλημένον.
The opening participle ἀποτραπεῖσιν is a dative plural circumstantial participle with an implicit subject, likely understood as travelers; καλουμένην modifies πύλην. ὃν refers to ναός, while τοὺς τότε ὑπερβεβλημένον is an accusative comparison/extent phrase with elliptical or textually difficult syntax; the participle agrees with ναόν and means 'surpassing those of that time'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 3 ἀποτραπεῖσιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ναός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀποτραπεῖσιν | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V-APP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ναός | advcl | medium | Circumstantial dative plural participle; implicit travelers/subjects are understood. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 5 πύλην | case | high | |
| 5 | πύλην | πύλη | NOUN | N-SAF--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀποτραπεῖσιν | obl | high | Goal with ἐπί. |
| 6 | καλουμένην | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-SFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 πύλην | acl | high | |
| 7 | Ἱεράν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-SFA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πύλην | amod | high | Adjectival name/title of the gate. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 13 ναός | punct | high | |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 πόρρω | advmod | high | |
| 10 | πόρρω | πόρρω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ναός | advmod | high | Predicate adverb modified by οὐ. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-GF--G- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πύλης | det | high | |
| 12 | πύλης | πύλη | NOUN | N-SGF--G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πόρρω | obl | high | Genitive of distance with πόρρω. |
| 13 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-SNM--N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-SGF--G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ναός | nmod | high | Possessive/content genitive: temple of Athena. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-SMA--A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 ἀνέθηκε | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ναός. |
| 18 | Ἐπωπεύς | Ἐπωπεύς | PROPN | N-SNM--N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀνέθηκε | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Ind | 20 ἀνέθηκε | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἀνέθηκε | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-IAA-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστιν | acl:relcl | high | |
| 21 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-SNN--D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ὑπερβεβλημένον | obl | medium | Dative of respect/measure, coordinated with κόσμῳ. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 κόσμῳ | cc | high | |
| 23 | κόσμῳ | κόσμος | NOUN | N-SMN--D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 μεγέθει | conj | medium | Coordinated dative of respect/measure. |
| 24 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-PMA--A- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ὑπερβεβλημένον | det | medium | Article introducing the difficult accusative comparison phrase. |
| 25 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 26 ὑπερβεβλημένον | advmod | high | Temporal modifier: 'then/at that time'. |
| 26 | ὑπερβεβλημένον | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | V-RPP-SMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 20 ἀνέθηκε | advcl | low | Agrees with ναόν in sense but appears accusative singular masculine; τοὺς τότε is difficult, likely a comparison/extent phrase involving contemporary monuments. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high |
πρὸ τοῦ βωμοῦ δὲ αὐτῷ μνῆμα Ἐπωπεῖ κέχωσται, καὶ τοῦ τάφου πλησίον εἰσὶν Ἀποτρόπαιοι θεοί· παρὰ τούτοις δρῶσιν ὅσα Ἕλληνες ἐς ἀποτροπὴν κακῶν νομίζουσιν.
The passage contains two coordinated clauses before the semicolon and a separate clause after it; κέχωσται and δρῶσιν are both finite roots in a multi-sentence punctuation span.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 βωμοῦ | case | high | |
| 2 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 βωμοῦ | det | high | |
| 3 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κέχωσται | obl | high | |
| 4 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 κέχωσται | cc | high | |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 μνῆμα | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 6 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 κέχωσται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 7 | Ἐπωπεῖ | Ἐπωπεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μνῆμα | nmod | medium | Proper name in dative, likely identifying the person commemorated. |
| 8 | κέχωσται | χώννυμι | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κέχωσται | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 εἰσὶν | cc | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τάφου | det | high | |
| 12 | τάφου | τάφος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πλησίον | obl | high | Genitive complement of πλησίον. |
| 13 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 εἰσὶν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 κέχωσται | conj | high | Coordinates a second clause with κέχωσται. |
| 15 | Ἀποτρόπαιοι | Ἀποτρόπαιος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 θεοί | amod | high | Substantivized adjective modifying θεοί. |
| 16 | θεοί | θεός | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἰσὶν | punct | high | |
| 18 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 τούτοις | case | high | |
| 19 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | D-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 20 δρῶσιν | obl | high | |
| 20 | δρῶσιν | δράω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | New independent clause after the semicolon; implicit subject is Ἕλληνες. |
| 21 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 δρῶσιν | obj | high | Relative substantive, ‘whatever things’. |
| 22 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 ἀποτροπὴν | case | high | |
| 24 | ἀποτροπὴν | ἀποτροπή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 νομίζουσιν | obl | high | Purpose complement of νομίζουσιν. |
| 25 | κακῶν | κακός | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἀποτροπὴν | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘evils’. |
| 26 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ὅσα | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying substantive ὅσα. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 δρῶσιν | punct | high |
Ἐπωπέα δὲ καὶ Ἀρτέμιδι καὶ Ἀπόλλωνι τὸ πλησίον ἱερὸν ποιῆσαι λέγουσι, τὸ δὲ μετʼ αὐτὸ Ἥρας Ἄδραστον· ἀγάλματα δὲ ὑπελείπετο οὐδετέρῳ.
The infinitive ποιῆσαι is the accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσι, with coordinated dative recipients/deities; Ἄδραστον is the subject accusative of an understood ποιῆσαι in the second reported clause. The final οὐδετέρῳ is dativus incommodi with ὑπελείπετο, referring to neither deity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐπωπέα | Ἐπωπεύς | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ποιῆσαι | obj | medium | Accusative object/recipient construction with ποιῆσαι; proper name inflection is somewhat irregular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 11 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 Ἀρτέμιδι | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-D---FS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ποιῆσαι | iobj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 6 Ἀπόλλωνι | cc | high | |
| 6 | Ἀπόλλωνι | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-D---MS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀρτέμιδι | conj | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 8 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 ἱερὸν | advmod | high | Adverbial adjective used substantivally/locatively: the nearby sanctuary. |
| 9 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 10 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive in reported speech. |
| 11 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 αὐτὸ | det | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 18 Ἄδραστον | cc | high | |
| 15 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 16 αὐτὸ | case | high | Elided preposition μετά governing accusative. |
| 16 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 Ἄδραστον | obl | medium | Substantival accusative, ‘the one after it’; μετὰ αὐτό modifies the following sanctuary reference. |
| 17 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Ἄδραστον | nmod | high | |
| 18 | Ἄδραστον | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λέγουσι | obj | medium | Subject accusative of an ellipted ποιῆσαι, coordinated with the first reported clause. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 Ἄδραστον | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-PNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 ὑπελείπετο | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 22 ὑπελείπετο | cc | high | |
| 22 | ὑπελείπετο | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-3SIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect middle; a second coordinated clause after the semicolon. |
| 23 | οὐδετέρῳ | οὐδέτερος | ADJ | A-SDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ὑπελείπετο | iobj | medium | Substantival dative, ‘to neither [of them]’; gender follows the coordinated male/female referents only imperfectly. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ὑπελείπετο | punct | high |
βωμοὺς δὲ ὄπισθεν τοῦ Ἡραίου τὸν μὲν Πανὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν, Ἡλίῳ δὲ λίθου λευκοῦ.
The sentence has a fronted accusative object βωμούς, with τὸν μὲν Πανί as the first coordinated specification and Ἡλίῳ δὲ as the second; the elliptical predicate for the second member is supplied from ᾠκοδόμησεν, while λίθου λευκοῦ specifies the material. ὄπισθεν τοῦ Ἡραίου is a postpositional location phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | βωμοὺς | βωμός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obj | high | Fronted direct object of ᾠκοδόμησεν, also understood with the elided second coordinated predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADP | ADV | _ | 5 Ἡραίου | case | medium | Postposition governing τοῦ Ἡραίου; often also analyzed as an adverbial preposition. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 Ἡραίου | det | high | Article agreeing with substantivized Ἡραίου. |
| 5 | Ἡραίου | Ἡραῖον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obl | high | Genitive place-name, governed by ὄπισθεν. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Πανὶ | det | high | Article with Πανί; part of the μέν-member. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 8 Πανὶ | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ at token 12. |
| 8 | Πανὶ | Πάν | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | iobj | high | Dative of dedication, recipient of the altar. |
| 9 | ᾠκοδόμησεν | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate; subject is understood from context. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | Ἡλίῳ | Ἥλιος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | iobj | high | Dative of dedication in the δέ-member. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | cc | high | Correlative connective paired with μέν at token 7. |
| 13 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 λευκοῦ | obl | medium | Genitive of material, dependent on λευκοῦ or the understood altar phrase. |
| 14 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 λίθου | amod | high | Agrees with λίθου: white stone. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ᾠκοδόμησεν | punct | high |