Grammar parses for passage 2.11.4
Open translation for this passage
σταδίους δὲ προελθοῦσιν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν εἴκοσι καὶ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ διαβᾶσι τὸν Ἀσωπόν, ἔστιν ἄλσος πρίνων καὶ ναὸς θεῶν ἃς Ἀθηναῖοι Σεμνὰς, Σικυώνιοι δὲ Εὐμενίδας ὀνομάζουσι·
The opening datives are circumstantial participial clauses; ἃς has an omitted feminine antecedent (θεάς/θεαί), while the two naming clauses are coordinated under the grove-and-temple description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σταδίους | στάδιος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 προελθοῦσιν | obl | high | Accusative of extent. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | προελθοῦσιν | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Dative circumstantial participle. |
| 4 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-DM-1S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 δοκεῖν | iobj | medium | Dative with δοκεῖν, ‘as it seems to me’. |
| 5 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 προελθοῦσιν | advcl | medium | Parenthetical infinitive. |
| 6 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | N-AP | Case=Acc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 1 σταδίους | nummod | high | Numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 εἴκοσι | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 9 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 διαβᾶσι | obl | high | Substantivized ‘left-hand side’. |
| 10 | διαβᾶσι | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Dative participle coordinated with προελθοῦσιν. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἀσωπόν | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀσωπόν | Ἀσωπός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 διαβᾶσι | obj | high | Proper name, object of διαβᾶσι. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | πρίνων | πρῖνος | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive describing the grove. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ναὸς | cc | high | |
| 18 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔστιν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate nominal/nominative with ἄλσος. |
| 19 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ναὸς | nmod | high | |
| 20 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-R-AF-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Relative pronoun agreeing with understood feminine plural θεάς, with omitted antecedent. |
| 21 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 Σεμνὰς | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | Σεμνὰς | σεμνός | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Predicate accusative/name assigned by ὀνομάζουσι; substantivized ‘the August Ones’. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 Σικυώνιοι | punct | high | |
| 24 | Σικυώνιοι | Σικυώνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 Εὐμενίδας | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | cc | high | |
| 26 | Εὐμενίδας | Εὐμενίς | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 27 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Name used as object of ὀνομάζουσι. |
| 27 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἔστιν | parataxis | high | Second naming clause, coordinated/paratactic. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔστιν | punct | high |
κατὰ δὲ ἔτος ἕκαστον ἑορτὴν ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ σφισιν ἄγουσι θύοντες πρόβατα ἐγκύμονα, μελικράτῳ δὲ σπονδῇ καὶ ἄνθεσιν ἀντὶ στεφάνων χρῆσθαι νομίζουσιν.
The sentence has coordinated ritual predicates: ἄγουσι with a circumstantial participle θύοντες, and νομίζουσιν governing the infinitive χρῆσθαι; the temporal κατά phrase is morphologically syncretic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 ἄγουσι | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἄγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἑορτὴν | obl | medium | With κατά, temporal phrase; nominative/accusative form is syncretic. |
| 4 | ἕκαστον | ἕκαστος | DET | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτος | det | medium | Form is syncretic; agrees with temporal ἔτος. |
| 5 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγουσι | obj | high | |
| 6 | ἡμέρᾳ | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγουσι | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 7 | μιᾷ | εἷς | NUM | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἡμέρᾳ | amod | high | |
| 8 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 9 ἄγουσι | iobj | high | Reflexive/third-person plural dative. |
| 9 | ἄγουσι | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | θύοντες | θύω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἄγουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with the understood subject of ἄγουσι. |
| 11 | πρόβατα | πρόβατον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 θύοντες | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἐγκύμονα | ἐγκύμων | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 πρόβατα | amod | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θύοντες | punct | high | |
| 14 | μελικράτῳ | μελίκρατον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 σπονδῇ | amod | medium | Substantivized adjective/noun, agreeing with σπονδῇ. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | σπονδῇ | σπονδή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 χρῆσθαι | obl | high | Dative complement of χρῆσθαι. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἄνθεσιν | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἄνθεσιν | ἄνθος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 χρῆσθαι | obl | high | Coordinated dative complement of χρῆσθαι. |
| 19 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 20 στεφάνων | case | high | |
| 20 | στεφάνων | στέφανος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἄνθεσιν | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀντί; phrase modifies ἄνθεσιν. |
| 21 | χρῆσθαι | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 22 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated semantically with the finite ritual verb. |
| 22 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἄγουσι | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate; subject is shared. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἄγουσι | punct | high |
ἐοικότα δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ τῶν Μοιρῶν δρῶσιν· ὁ δέ σφισιν ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ τοῦ ἄλσους ἐστίν.
The passage contains two coordinated clauses; ἐοικότα is a substantivized perfect participle functioning as the object of δρῶσιν, while ὁ in the second clause is a substantival demonstrative/article referring back to the altar.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐοικότα | ἐοικώς | ADJ | ???????? | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 δρῶσιν | obj | medium | Perfect active participle of ἔοικα, substantivized or elliptical neuter plural; exact syntactic attachment is context-dependent. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 9 δρῶσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | --------- | _ | 1 ἐοικότα | advmod | high | Adverbial καί modifying the participial object. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 βωμῷ | case | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 βωμῷ | det | high | |
| 6 | βωμῷ | βωμός | NOUN | N-----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 δρῶσιν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, locative. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----GFP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Μοιρῶν | det | high | |
| 8 | Μοιρῶν | Μοῖρα | PROPN | N---GFP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 βωμῷ | nmod | high | Genitive identifying the altar of the Moirai. |
| 9 | δρῶσιν | δράω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 δρῶσιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | PRON | P---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 18 ἐστίν | nsubj | high | Substantival article/pronoun, referring to the altar. |
| 12 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 18 ἐστίν | cc | high | |
| 13 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---DP-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 ἐστίν | obl | medium | Dative of possession or relation: 'for them/their'; antecedent and precise function depend on context. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ὑπαίθρῳ | case | high | |
| 15 | ὑπαίθρῳ | ὕπαιθρος | ADJ | A----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστίν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, 'in the open-air [place]'. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἄλσους | det | high | |
| 17 | ἄλσους | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ὑπαίθρῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on substantivized ὑπαίθρῳ. |
| 18 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause has its own finite root. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐστίν | punct | high |