Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.12.4

← 2.12.32.12.5 →

Passage 2.12.4

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
96Greek tokens
3,189input tokens
7,152output tokens
Sentence 2

2.12.4 sentence 2

Tokens
36
Input
901
Output
2,510
Total
3,411

καὶ πόλιν τε ᾤκισε περὶ τὸν βουνὸν τοῦτον, ὃς Ἀραντῖνος ἔτι καλεῖται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς, οὐ πολὺ ἑτέρου λόφου διεστηκώς, ἐφʼ οὗ Φλιασίοις ἥ τε ἀκρόπολις καὶ τῆς Ἥβης ἐστὶ τὸ ἱερόν.

The relative clause beginning with ὃς describes βουνός; διεστηκώς is a circumstantial perfect participle with implicit subject ὃς and genitive λόφου as the standard of separation. The final clause is existential: ἡ ἀκρόπολις and τὸ ἱερόν are coordinated subjects of ἐστίν, with τῆς Ἥβης dependent on ἱερόν.

acl:relcl conj obl cc advmod nsubj cc obl nsubj obl advmod iobj nmod punct obj case xcomp det nsubj discourse det det punct advmod cc case punct amod obl punct case cc det det root root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 πόλιν πόλις / NOUN 3 τε τε / PART 4 ᾤκισε οἰκίζω / VERB 5 περὶ περί / ADP 6 τὸν ὁ / DET 7 βουνὸν βουνός / NOUN 8 τοῦτον οὗτος / DET 9 , , / PUNCT 10 ὃς ὅς / PRON 11 Ἀραντῖνος Ἀραντῖνος / PROPN 12 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 13 καλεῖται καλέω / VERB 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 ἐς εἰς / ADP 16 ἡμᾶς ἐγώ / PRON 17 , , / PUNCT 18 οὐ οὐ / PART 19 πολὺ πολύς / ADV 20 ἑτέρου ἕτερος / ADJ 21 λόφου λόφος / NOUN 22 διεστηκώς διίστημι / VERB 23 , , / PUNCT 24 ἐφʼ ἐπί / ADP 25 οὗ ὅς / PRON 26 Φλιασίοις Φλιάσιος / PROPN 27 ὁ / DET 28 τε τε / PART 29 ἀκρόπολις ἀκρόπολις / NOUN 30 καὶ καί / CCONJ 31 τῆς ὁ / DET 32 Ἥβης Ἥβη / PROPN 33 ἐστὶ εἰμί / VERB 34 τὸ ὁ / DET 35 ἱερόν ἱερόν / NOUN 36 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_4 ᾤκισεcchigh
2πόλινπόλιςNOUNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ᾤκισεobjhigh
3τετεPARTPTCL_2 πόλινdiscoursemediumCorrelative τε with καί.
4ᾤκισεοἰκίζωVERBV-AAI-3SAspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighAugmented aorist form; subject is understood from context.
5περὶπερίADPPREP_7 βουνὸνcasehigh
6τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 βουνὸνdethigh
7βουνὸνβουνόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ᾤκισεoblhigh
8τοῦτονοὗτοςDETD-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem7 βουνὸνdethighDemonstrative adjective modifying βουνόν.
9,,PUNCTPUNC_10 ὃςpuncthigh
10ὃςὅςPRONR-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel13 καλεῖταιnsubjhighRelative subject, referring to βουνός.
11ἈραντῖνοςἈραντῖνοςPROPNA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 καλεῖταιxcompmediumPredicate nominative/name with καλεῖται.
12ἔτιἔτιADVADV_13 καλεῖταιadvmodhigh
13καλεῖταικαλέωVERBV-PPI-3SAspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass4 ᾤκισεacl:relclhigh
14καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_13 καλεῖταιcchighCoordinates the second predication in the relative clause.
15ἐςεἰςADPPREP_16 ἡμᾶςcasehigh
16ἡμᾶςἐγώPRONP-1APCase=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs13 καλεῖταιoblhighTemporal extension: down to/into our time.
17,,PUNCTPUNC_18 οὐpuncthigh
18οὐοὐPARTPTCLPolarity=Neg22 διεστηκώςadvmodhigh
19πολὺπολύςADVA-ASN_22 διεστηκώςadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative modifying διεστηκώς.
20ἑτέρουἕτεροςADJA-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 λόφουamodhigh
21λόφουλόφοςNOUNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 διεστηκώςoblhighGenitive of separation/distance.
22διεστηκώςδιίστημιVERBV-RAP-NSMAspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act13 καλεῖταιconjhighCircumstantial perfect participle, coordinated with the preceding relative-clause predication.
23,,PUNCTPUNC_24 ἐφʼpuncthigh
24ἐφʼἐπίADPPREP_25 οὗcasehighElided form of ἐπί.
25οὗὅςPRONR-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel33 ἐστὶoblhighRelative adverbial phrase, referring to λόφος.
26ΦλιασίοιςΦλιάσιοςPROPNA-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur29 ἀκρόπολιςiobjmediumDative of possession/association with the acropolis.
27DETT-NSFCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing29 ἀκρόπολιςdethigh
28τετεPARTPTCL_29 ἀκρόπολιςcchighFirst member of τε ... καί coordination.
29ἀκρόπολιςἀκρόπολιςNOUNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing33 ἐστὶnsubjhigh
30καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_35 ἱερόνcchighCoordinates the second nominal subject.
31τῆςDETT-GSFCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing32 Ἥβηςdethigh
32ἭβηςἭβηPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing35 ἱερόνnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἱερόν.
33ἐστὶεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SAspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTrootmediumSecond finite clause; coordinated nominal predicate structure follows.
34τὸDETT-NSNCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing35 ἱερόνdethigh
35ἱερόνἱερόνNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing33 ἐστὶnsubjhighSecond coordinated subject of the existential clause.
36..PUNCTPUNC_33 ἐστὶpuncthigh
Sentence 3

2.12.4 sentence 3

Tokens
18
Input
731
Output
1,328
Total
2,059

ἐνταῦθά τε δὴ πόλιν ᾤκισε καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἡ γῆ καὶ ἡ πόλις Ἀραντία ἐκλήθησαν.

The subject of ᾤκισε is implicit (likely the previously mentioned founder); πόλιν is its object. ἐκλήθησαν is passive with coordinated subjects ἡ γῆ and ἡ πόλις, while ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ means ‘from him/after him’; τὸ ἀρχαῖον is an adverbial accusative, ‘formerly/anciently’.

punct conj cc obl advmod nsubj:pass advmod cc conj discourse cc obj case det det det xcomp root 1 ἐνταῦθά ἐνταῦθα / ADV 2 τε τε / CCONJ 3 δὴ δή / PART 4 πόλιν πόλις / NOUN 5 ᾤκισε οἰκίζω / VERB 6 καὶ καί / CCONJ 7 ἀπʼ ἀπό / ADP 8 αὐτοῦ αὐτός / PRON 9 τὸ ὁ / DET 10 ἀρχαῖον ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 11 ὁ / DET 12 γῆ γῆ / NOUN 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 ὁ / DET 15 πόλις πόλις / NOUN 16 Ἀραντία Ἀραντία / PROPN 17 ἐκλήθησαν καλέω / VERB 18 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνταῦθάἐνταῦθαADVD--------PronType=Dem5 ᾤκισεadvmodhigh
2τετεCCONJC--------_5 ᾤκισεcchighPostpositive coordinating particle.
3δὴδήPARTX--------_5 ᾤκισεdiscoursehigh
4πόλινπόλιςNOUNNb----AccSCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ᾤκισεobjhigh
5ᾤκισεοἰκίζωVERBV3saia---Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighImplicit third-person singular subject.
6καὶκαίCCONJC--------_17 ἐκλήθησανcchighCoordinates the second clause.
7ἀπʼἀπόADPR--------_8 αὐτοῦcasehighElided form of ἀπό.
8αὐτοῦαὐτόςPRONPp3msg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs17 ἐκλήθησανoblhighGenitive governed by ἀπό; antecedent is the founder.
9τὸDETS----NNA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 ἀρχαῖονdethigh
10ἀρχαῖονἀρχαῖοςADJA----NNA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 ἐκλήθησανadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative, ‘formerly/in ancient times’.
11DETS----NNF-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art12 γῆdethigh
12γῆγῆNOUNNb----NomSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ἐκλήθησανnsubj:passhigh
13καὶκαίCCONJC--------_15 πόλιςcchigh
14DETS----NNF-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 πόλιςdethigh
15πόλιςπόλιςNOUNNb----NomSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 γῆconjhighSecond coordinated subject.
16ἈραντίαἈραντίαPROPNNb----NomSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ἐκλήθησανxcompmediumPredicate nominative/name complement of the passive ‘were called’; coordinated subjects are γῆ and πόλις.
17ἐκλήθησανκαλέωVERBV3papi---Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass5 ᾤκισεconjhighFinite verb coordinated with ᾤκισε.
18..PUNCT__5 ᾤκισεpuncthigh
Sentence 4

2.12.4 sentence 4

Tokens
23
Input
801
Output
1,941
Total
2,742

τούτῳ βασιλεύοντι Ἀσωπὸς Κηλούσης εἶναι λεγόμενος καὶ Ποσειδῶνος ἐξεῦρε τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὸ ὕδωρ, ὅντινα οἱ νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ εὑρόντος καλοῦσιν Ἀσωπόν.

The participial phrase τούτῳ βασιλεύοντι is dative temporal/circumstantial; Ἀσωπὸς is the subject of ἐξεῦρε, with Κηλούσης εἶναι λεγόμενος and Ποσειδῶνος dependent genitives in the compressed relative-style narrative. ὅντινα is the object of καλοῦσιν, with οἱ as the subject and τοῦ εὑρόντος an ablatival/genitive-source substantivized participle.

punct acl:relcl advcl nsubj obj punct nsubj obj advmod acl obl nmod nmod case obl xcomp cc det det det obl xcomp root 1 τούτῳ οὗτος / PRON 2 βασιλεύοντι βασιλεύω / VERB 3 Ἀσωπὸς Ἀσωπός / PROPN 4 Κηλούσης Κηλούσης / PROPN 5 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 6 λεγόμενος λέγω / VERB 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 Ποσειδῶνος Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 9 ἐξεῦρε ἐξευρίσκω / VERB 10 τοῦ ὁ / DET 11 ποταμοῦ ποταμός / NOUN 12 τὸ ὁ / DET 13 ὕδωρ ὕδωρ / NOUN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 ὅντινα ὅστις / PRON 16 οἱ ὁ / PRON 17 νῦν νῦν / ADV 18 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 19 τοῦ ὁ / DET 20 εὑρόντος εὑρίσκω / VERB 21 καλοῦσιν καλέω / VERB 22 Ἀσωπόν Ἀσωπός / PROPN 23 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τούτῳοὗτοςPRONPd3msCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing2 βασιλεύοντιoblhighDative demonstrative modifying the temporal/circumstantial participle.
2βασιλεύοντιβασιλεύωVERBV-PAP-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act9 ἐξεῦρεadvclmediumCircumstantial/temporal dative participle; understood subject is the referent of τούτῳ.
3ἈσωπὸςἈσωπόςPROPNNPM-S-NCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἐξεῦρεnsubjhighSubject of ἐξεῦρε.
4ΚηλούσηςΚηλούσηςPROPNNPM-S-GCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 λεγόμενοςobllowProper-name genitive; syntactically compressed and likely associated with the naming predicate.
5εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-PAITense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act6 λεγόμενοςxcomphighInfinitive complement of λεγόμενος.
6λεγόμενοςλέγωVERBV-PMP-NMSCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass3 ἈσωπὸςaclmediumPassive naming participle modifying Ἀσωπὸς; εἶναι is its infinitival complement.
7καὶκαίCCONJC---------_6 λεγόμενοςcchighCoordinates the naming material with the following genitive.
8ΠοσειδῶνοςΠοσειδῶνPROPNNPM-S-GCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 λεγόμενοςnmodmediumGenitive dependent in the compressed phrase, likely indicating Poseidon as associated father/source.
9ἐξεῦρεἐξευρίσκωVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFinite main predicate.
10τοῦDETRAI-SMGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 ποταμοῦdethighArticle with ποταμοῦ.
11ποταμοῦποταμόςNOUNNMS-GCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ὕδωρnmodhighGenitive dependent on τὸ ὕδωρ, ‘water of the river’.
12τὸDETRAS-SNACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art13 ὕδωρdethighArticle with ὕδωρ.
13ὕδωρὕδωρNOUNNNS-ACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 ἐξεῦρεobjhighDirect object of ἐξεῦρε.
14,,PUNCT__9 ἐξεῦρεpuncthigh
15ὅντιναὅστιςPRONPi-A-SMACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel21 καλοῦσινobjhighRelative pronoun, object of καλοῦσιν; agrees with the river name understood.
16οἱPRONPp3-SMNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs21 καλοῦσινnsubjmediumPersonal pronoun, ‘they’; form identical with the masculine nominative article.
17νῦννῦνADVD--------_21 καλοῦσινadvmodhighTemporal adverb.
18ἀπὸἀπόADPR--------_20 εὑρόντοςcasehighPreposition governing the genitive substantivized participle.
19τοῦDETRAI-SMGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art20 εὑρόντοςdethighArticle substantivizing εὑρόντος.
20εὑρόντοςεὑρίσκωVERBV-2AAP-GMSCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act21 καλοῦσινoblhighSubstantivized genitive aorist participle, object of ἀπό.
21καλοῦσινκαλέωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act9 ἐξεῦρεacl:relclhighFinite predicate of the relative clause.
22ἈσωπόνἈσωπόςPROPNNPM-S-ACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 καλοῦσινxcomphighPredicate accusative/name assigned by καλοῦσιν.
23..PUNCT__9 ἐξεῦρεpuncthigh
Sentence 5

2.12.4 sentence 5

Tokens
19
Input
756
Output
1,373
Total
2,129

τὸ δὲ μνῆμα τοῦ Ἄραντός ἐστιν ἐν χωρίῳ Κελεαῖς, ἔνθα δὴ καὶ Δυσαύλην ἄνδρα Ἐλευσίνιον τεθάφθαι λέγουσιν.

The relative adverb ἔνθα introduces a locative clause; τεθάφθαι is an accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσιν, with Δυσαύλην as infinitive subject and ἄνδρα Ἐλευσίνιον as apposition/predicate description.

parataxis advmod punct nsubj nsubj det nmod obl cc det case nmod advmod cc appos amod xcomp punct root 1 τὸ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 4 τοῦ ὁ / DET 5 Ἄραντός Ἄραντος / PROPN 6 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 χωρίῳ χωρίον / NOUN 9 Κελεαῖς Κελεαί / PROPN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 ἔνθα ἔνθα / ADV 12 δὴ δή / PART 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 Δυσαύλην Δυσαύλης / PROPN 15 ἄνδρα ἀνήρ / NOUN 16 Ἐλευσίνιον Ἐλευσίνιος / ADJ 17 τεθάφθαι θάπτω / VERB 18 λέγουσιν λέγω / VERB 19 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸDETRA-NSNCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 μνῆμαdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_3 μνῆμαcchighPostpositive connective.
3μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἐστινnsubjhigh
4τοῦDETRA-GSMCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 Ἄραντόςdethigh
5ἌραντόςἌραντοςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 μνῆμαnmodmediumProper name; genitive dependent on μνῆμα.
6ἐστινεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
7ἐνἐνADPPREP_8 χωρίῳcasehigh
8χωρίῳχωρίονNOUNN-DSNCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἐστινoblhigh
9ΚελεαῖςΚελεαίPROPNN-DPFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur8 χωρίῳnmodmediumLocative place-name dependent on χωρίῳ; form may reflect a plural toponym.
10,,PUNCT__6 ἐστινpuncthigh
11ἔνθαἔνθαADVADV_17 τεθάφθαιadvmodmediumRelative locative adverb introducing the following clause.
12δὴδήPARTPART_11 ἔνθαadvmodhigh
13καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_14 ΔυσαύληνccmediumCoordinating/additive particle within the relative clause.
14ΔυσαύληνΔυσαύληςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 τεθάφθαιnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive.
15ἄνδραἀνήρNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 ΔυσαύληνapposhighApposition to Δυσαύλην.
16ἘλευσίνιονἘλευσίνιοςADJA-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 ἄνδραamodhighEthnic adjective agreeing with ἄνδρα.
17τεθάφθαιθάπτωVERBV-RANMood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass18 λέγουσινxcomphighPerfect passive infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
18λέγουσινλέγωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act6 ἐστινparataxismediumImpersonal/general subject; governs the infinitival report.
19..PUNCT__18 λέγουσινpuncthigh
← 2.12.32.12.5 →