Grammar parses for passage 2.12.5
Open translation for this passage
Ἄραντος δὲ υἱὸς Ἄορις καὶ θυγάτηρ ἐγένετο Ἀραιθυρέα.
The clause is elliptical and genealogical; Ἀραιθυρέα is best analyzed as a predicate nominative linked to ἐγένετο, though the exact appositional relation is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄραντος | Ἄραντος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of υἱός, expressing parentage. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 4 | Ἄορις | Ἄορις | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | appos | high | Appositive proper name identifying υἱός. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 υἱὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject nouns. |
| 6 | θυγάτηρ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | conj | high | Conjoined subject with υἱός. |
| 7 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | Ἀραιθυρέα | Ἀραιθυρέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐγένετο | xcomp | low | Likely predicate nominative with ἐγένετο, naming the daughter; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τούτους φασὶ Φλιάσιοι θηρᾶσαί τε ἐμπείρους γενέσθαι καὶ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον ἀνδρείους.
The sentence uses indirect statement with φασί plus coordinated infinitival complements; the final ἐς πόλεμον phrase is attached to ἀνδρείους as its modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 φασὶ | obj | high | Object of φασί. |
| 2 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 3 | Φλιάσιοι | Φλιάσιοι | PROPN | Npmp---n- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 φασὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of φασί. |
| 4 | θηρᾶσαί | θηράω | VERB | vnap--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 2 φασὶ | xcomp | medium | Infinitival complement; syntax slightly uncertain. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 4 θηρᾶσαί | cc | high | Connects the coordinated infinitival complements. |
| 6 | ἐμπείρους | ἔμπειρος | ADJ | a-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 θηρᾶσαί | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with γενέσθαι. |
| 7 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | vnaa--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 θηρᾶσαί | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 7 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates with the preceding infinitive phrase. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἀνδρείους | det | high | Article modifying πόλεμον phrase. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 11 πόλεμον | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεμον. |
| 11 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνδρείους | obl | high | Prepositional modifier of ἀνδρείους. |
| 12 | ἀνδρείους | ἀνδρεῖος | ADJ | a-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective coordinated with ἐμπείρους; case/gender interpreted from agreement with τούτους. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 φασὶ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καὶ ἐπὶ τῷδε Ὅμηρος τοὺς Ἀγαμέμνονος ὑπηκόους καταλέγων τὸ ἔπος ἐποίησεν Ὀρνειάς τʼ ἐνέμοντο Ἀραιθυρέην τʼ ἐρατεινήν. Hom. Il. 2.571
Main clause with a circumstantial participle and a coordinated Homeric quotation; final citation tokens are extraneous and attached as dependent noise.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | Case=DAT | 3 τῷδε | case | high | Preposition governing τῷδε. |
| 3 | τῷδε | ὅδε | DET | _ | Case=DAT|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG|PronType=Dem | 11 ἐποίησεν | obl | high | Dative demonstrative phrase with ἐπί. |
| 4 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=SG | 11 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=PL|PronType=Art | 7 ὑπηκόους | det | high | Article modifying ὑπηκόους. |
| 6 | Ἀγαμέμνονος | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=SG | 7 ὑπηκόους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὑπηκόους. |
| 7 | ὑπηκόους | ὑπήκοος | NOUN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=PL | 8 καταλέγων | obj | high | Object of καταλέγων. |
| 8 | καταλέγων | καταλέγω | VERB | PAPMSN | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=SG|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἐποίησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Ὅμηρος. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG|PronType=Art | 10 ἔπος | det | high | Article modifying ἔπος. |
| 10 | ἔπος | ἔπος | NOUN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG | 11 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 11 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | Ὀρνειάς | Ὀρνειάς | PROPN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=FEM|Number=SG | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obj | low | Likely object of ἐνέμοντο; form may be poetic/epic. |
| 13 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐνέμοντο | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating conjunction. |
| 14 | ἐνέμοντο | νέμω | VERB | VAMI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 11 ἐποίησεν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate. |
| 15 | Ἀραιθυρέην | Ἀραιθυρέη | PROPN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=FEM|Number=SG | 14 ἐνέμοντο | obj | high | Object of ἐνέμοντο. |
| 16 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐνέμοντο | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating conjunction. |
| 17 | ἐρατεινήν | ἐρατεινός | ADJ | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=FEM|Number=SG | 15 Ἀραιθυρέην | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Ἀραιθυρέην. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 19 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Extraneous bibliographic token from citation. |
| 20 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Extraneous bibliographic token from citation. |
| 21 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Extraneous bibliographic token from citation. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Part of citation. |
| 23 | I | I | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Extraneous bibliographic token from citation. |
| 24 | l | l | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Extraneous bibliographic token from citation. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Part of citation. |
| 26 | 2.571 | 2.571 | X | _ | _ | 11 ἐποίησεν | dep | low | Citation reference token. |
τάφους δὲ τῶν Ἄραντος παίδων οὐχ ἑτέρωθι ἡγοῦμαι τῆς χώρας, ἐπὶ τῷ λόφῳ δὲ εἶναι τῷ Ἀραντίνῳ·
The clause has an accusative-and-infinitive style complement under ἡγοῦμαι; ἐπὶ τῷ λόφῳ forms a locative phrase inside the infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάφους | τάφος | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | obj | high | Object of ἡγοῦμαι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 παίδων | det | high | Article with παίδων. |
| 4 | Ἄραντος | Ἄραντος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παίδων. |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 τάφους | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of τάφους. |
| 6 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἑτέρωθι | advmod | medium | Negates ἑτέρωθι. |
| 7 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἡγοῦμαι. |
| 8 | ἡγοῦμαι | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-PII1SP- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 χώρας | det | high | Article with χώρας. |
| 10 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | obl | high | Genitive complement with ἑτέρωθι, 'elsewhere in the country'. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 λόφῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 λόφῳ | det | high | Article with λόφῳ. |
| 14 | λόφῳ | λόφος | NOUN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | obl | high | Oblique complement of εἶναι with ἐπὶ. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAINF- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | xcomp | high | Complement of ἡγοῦμαι. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀραντίνῳ | det | high | Article with Ἀραντίνῳ. |
| 18 | Ἀραντίνῳ | Ἀραντῖνος | ADJ | A-DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Adjectival substantive or predicate adjective; likely depends on εἶναι. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἡγοῦμαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καί σφισιν ἐπίθημα στῆλαι περιφανεῖς εἰσι, καὶ πρὸ τῆς τελετῆς ἣν τῇ Δήμητρι ἄγουσιν Ἄραντα καὶ τοὺς παῖδας καλοῦσιν ἐπὶ τὰς σπονδὰς ἐς ταῦτα βλέποντες τὰ μνήματα.
The passage appears to contain two coordinated main clauses; the second clause includes a relative clause and a participial modifier, with some attachment ambiguity around ἐπίθημα/στῆλαι and the participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 εἰσι | cc | high | |
| 2 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp-3-DatP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ἐπίθημα | det | medium | Likely enclitic dative pronoun modifying ἐπίθημα. |
| 3 | ἐπίθημα | ἐπίθημα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἰσι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | στῆλαι | στήλη | NOUN | N-P---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 εἰσι | nsubj | medium | Probably second subject/predicate complement with ἐπίθημα. |
| 5 | περιφανεῖς | περιφανής | ADJ | A-P---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 στῆλαι | amod | high | |
| 6 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3P-PI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰσι | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 9 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 τελετῆς | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-s---FG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 τελετῆς | det | high | |
| 11 | τελετῆς | τελετή | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 καλοῦσιν | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-s---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 15 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Δήμητρι | det | high | |
| 14 | Δήμητρι | Δήμητηρ | PROPN | Np-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἄγουσιν | iobj | high | |
| 15 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-3P-PAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 τελετῆς | acl:relcl | high | |
| 16 | Ἄραντα | Ἄραντας | PROPN | Np-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 καλοῦσιν | obj | medium | Likely a proper name in accusative; form is unusual and may be a local name or title. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 παῖδας | cc | high | |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-p---MA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 19 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | |
| 20 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-3P-PAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Paratactic main clause after the comma; sentence has two finite clauses. |
| 21 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 23 σπονδὰς | case | high | |
| 22 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L-p---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 σπονδὰς | det | high | |
| 23 | σπονδὰς | σπονδή | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 καλοῦσιν | obl | high | |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 25 ταῦτα | case | high | |
| 25 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 26 βλέποντες | obl | high | |
| 26 | βλέποντες | βλέπω | VERB | V-PAPM-N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 καλοῦσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main clause. |
| 27 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-p---NA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 μνήματα | det | high | |
| 28 | μνήματα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ταῦτα | obj | medium | Could also be object of βλέποντες in the sense 'looking at the tombs'. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |