Grammar parses for passage 2.13.3
Open translation for this passage
προσέσται δὲ ἤδη καὶ τῶν ἐς ἐπίδειξιν ἡκόντων τὰ ἀξιολογώτατα.
The main difficulty is the case of ἀξιολογώτατα, which is morphologically ambiguous in form; the syntax suggests it functions as the nominative neuter plural subject of προσέσται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσέσται | πρόσειμι | VERB | V3FMI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Future middle indicative, 3rd singular; main predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | D | _ | 1 προσέσται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 1 προσέσται | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the verb. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀξιολογώτατα | cc | medium | Coordinates with an implied or understood element in the nominal phrase. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 ἡκόντων | det | high | Article modifying ἡκόντων. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 7 ἐπίδειξιν | case | high | Preposition governing ἐπίδειξιν. |
| 7 | ἐπίδειξιν | ἐπίδειξις | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἡκόντων | obl | high | Prepositional object within the genitive participial phrase. |
| 8 | ἡκόντων | ἥκω | VERB | V-PPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀξιολογώτατα | nmod | high | Genitive participle modifying the nominal head. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ἀξιολογώτατα | det | high | Article with superlative adjective used substantively. |
| 10 | ἀξιολογώτατα | ἀξιολόγωτος | ADJ | A-P---NSS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 προσέσται | nsubj | medium | Best taken as neuter plural substantive 'the most noteworthy things'; morphology could also be read as acc. pl. in form, but syntax favors nominative subject. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 προσέσται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἔστι γὰρ ἐν τῇ Φλιασίων ἀκροπόλει κυπαρίσσων ἄλσος καὶ ἱερὸν ἁγιώτατον ἐκ παλαιοῦ·
Existential sentence with coordinated subject terms and two prepositional phrases; ἐκ παλαιοῦ is idiomatic and slightly ambiguous in internal attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb as sentence root. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἀκροπόλει | det | high | Article modifying ἀκροπόλει. |
| 5 | Φλιασίων | Φλιάσιοι | PROPN | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀκροπόλει | nmod | medium | Ethnonym in genitive modifying ἀκροπόλει; lemma normalized as plural name. |
| 6 | ἀκροπόλει | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐν | obl | high | Head of the locative phrase. |
| 7 | κυπαρίσσων | κυπάρισσος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Partitive/material genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 8 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄλσος | cc | high | Coordinates ἄλσος and ἱερόν. |
| 10 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἄλσος | conj | high | Substantivized adjective coordinated with ἄλσος. |
| 11 | ἁγιώτατον | ἅγιος | ADJ | A-S---NNS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Superlative adjective modifying ἱερόν. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Marks source/time-from phrase. |
| 13 | παλαιοῦ | παλαιός | ADJ | A-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐκ | obl | medium | Likely adverbial genitive with ἐκ, meaning 'from of old'. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὴν δὲ θεὸν ἧς ἐστι τὸ ἱερὸν οἱ μὲν ἀρχαιότατοι Φλιασίων Γανυμήδαν, οἱ δὲ ὕστερον Ἥβην ὀνομάζουσιν·
Relative clause ἧς ἐστι τὸ ἱερὸν modifies θεὸν; the two coordinated οἱ ... οἱ ... groups are the subjects of ὀνομάζουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 θεὸν | det | high | Article modifying θεὸν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of ὀνομάζουσιν. |
| 4 | ἧς | ὅς | PRON | P-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Relative pronoun governed by ἐστι; antecedent θεὸν. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3spia-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἱερὸν | cop | high | Copula with ἱερὸν as predicate. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article modifying ἱερὸν. |
| 7 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N--s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 θεὸν | acl:relcl | high | Head of relative clause modifying θεὸν. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ἀρχαιότατοι | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | ἀρχαιότατοι | ἀρχαιότατος | ADJ | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ὀνομάζουσιν. |
| 11 | Φλιασίων | Φλιάσιοι | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀρχαιότατοι | nmod | high | Genitive of affiliation/partitive modifying ἀρχαιότατοι. |
| 12 | Γανυμήδαν | Γανυμήδης | PROPN | N--s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Object of ὀνομάζουσιν in implied naming predicate. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ὀνομάζουσιν. |
| 17 | Ἥβην | Ἥβη | PROPN | N--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Second object/name in contrastive clause. |
| 18 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-3ppia-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἧς καὶ Ὅμηρος μνήμην ἐποιήσατο ἐν τῇ Μενελάου πρὸς Ἀλέξανδρον μονομαχίᾳ φάμενος οἰνοχόον τῶν θεῶν εἶναι, καὶ αὖθις ἐν Ὀδυσσέως ἐς Ἅιδου καθόδῳ γυναῖκα Ἡρακλέους εἶπεν εἶναι.
Two coordinated clauses: the first with ἐποιήσατο and an embedded indirect statement via φάμενος + εἶναι, the second with εἶπεν + infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἧς | ὅς | PRON | Pp-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 4 μνήμην | nmod | high | Relative pronoun referring to an omitted antecedent. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 3 Ὅμηρος | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιήσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | Nc-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-ami3s--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 11 μονομαχίᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--s--fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 μονομαχίᾳ | det | high | |
| 8 | Μενελάου | Μενέλαος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μονομαχίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of the place-name phrase. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 11 μονομαχίᾳ | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μονομαχίᾳ | nmod | high | |
| 11 | μονομαχίᾳ | μονομαχία | NOUN | Nc-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιήσατο | obl | high | Dative of place/occasion with prepositional modifiers. |
| 12 | φάμενος | φημί | VERB | V-pm-s--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐποιήσατο | advcl | high | |
| 13 | οἰνοχόον | οἰνοχόος | NOUN | Nc-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement of εἶναι. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | Nc-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 οἰνοχόον | nmod | high | |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--pn--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φάμενος | xcomp | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 27 εἶπεν | cc | high | |
| 19 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | Df | _ | 27 εἶπεν | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 24 καθόδῳ | case | high | |
| 21 | Ὀδυσσέως | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 καθόδῳ | nmod | high | |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 23 Ἅιδου | case | high | |
| 23 | Ἅιδου | Ἅιδης | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 καθόδῳ | nmod | high | Genitive with ἐς governing the destination phrase. |
| 24 | καθόδῳ | κάθοδος | NOUN | Nc-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 εἶπεν | obl | high | |
| 25 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | Nc-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement of εἶναι. |
| 26 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 γυναῖκα | nmod | high | |
| 27 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | V-aia3s--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; coordinated with the first clause. |
| 28 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--pn--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 εἶπεν | xcomp | high | |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 εἶπεν | punct | high |
Ὠλῆνι δὲ ἐν Ἥρας ἐστὶν ὕμνῳ πεποιημένα τραφῆναι τὴν Ἥραν ὑπὸ Ὡρῶν, εἶναι δέ οἱ παῖδας Ἄρην τε καὶ Ἥβην.
The syntax is compressed and somewhat irregular: two infinitival clauses depend on the existential frame with ἐστὶν, and the second clause has an anomalous article-case sequence (οἱ παῖδας).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὠλῆνι | Ὠλῆνι | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative of reference/source with ἐστὶν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ὕμνῳ | case | high | Preposition governing Ἥρας. |
| 4 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ὕμνῳ | obl | high | Likely genitive with ἐν in the phrase ἐν Ἥρας ὕμνῳ. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential matrix verb. |
| 6 | ὕμνῳ | ὕμνος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative phrase dependent on ἐστὶν. |
| 7 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V--PPRPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 τραφῆναι | xcomp | medium | Perfect participle agreeing with the following infinitive construction; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | τραφῆναι | τρέφω | VERB | V--ANP- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 7 πεποιημένα | xcomp | high | Infinitival clause dependent on participial/reporting frame. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--SF-- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ἥραν | det | high | Article with Ἥραν. |
| 10 | Ἥραν | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 τραφῆναι | obj | high | Object of τραφῆναι. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ὡρῶν | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 12 | Ὡρῶν | Ὧραι | PROPN | N-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 τραφῆναι | obl | high | Agent in passive construction. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--ANP--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Second infinitival clause coordinated with the first. |
| 15 | δέ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA--MP-- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παῖδας | det | low | Possibly article introducing an understood subject or corrupted text; attached to παῖδας as written. |
| 17 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Likely part of infinitival clause εἶναι οἱ παῖδας ...; case is anomalous for expected nominative. |
| 18 | Ἄρην | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παῖδας | appos | high | One of the named children. |
| 19 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 18 Ἄρην | cc | high | Enclitic coordinator in paired construction. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 Ἥβην | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 21 | Ἥβην | Ἥβη | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Ἄρην | conj | high | Second coordinated name. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |