Grammar parses for passage 2.14.3
Open translation for this passage
δύναιτο δʼ ἂν κατὰ ἄλλην τινὰ ἐνταῦθα ὁ Δυσαύλης ἀφικέσθαι πρόφασιν καὶ οὐχ ὡς οἱ Φλιάσιοί φασιν.
Potential/optative δύναιτο with ἄν governs the infinitive ἀφικέσθαι; πρόφασιν is an accusative of respect/idiomatic accusative with ἀφικέσθαι, while κατὰ ἄλλην τινὰ πρόφασιν contrasts the reported explanation of the Phliasians. The final οὐχ ὡς-clause is elliptic, with φασίν understood to govern an omitted finite complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δύναιτο | δύναμαι | VERB | V-PAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δύναιτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 1 δύναιτο | aux | high | Modal particle licensing potential meaning. |
| 4 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 πρόφασιν | case | high | Takes accusative πρόφασιν, with intervening modifiers. |
| 5 | ἄλλην | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πρόφασιν | amod | high | Modifies πρόφασιν. |
| 6 | τινὰ | τις | DET | PX-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πρόφασιν | det | high | Indefinite determiner modifying πρόφασιν. |
| 7 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D—— | PronType=Dem | 10 ἀφικέσθαι | advmod | high | Deictic adverb, locative with ἀφικέσθαι. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Δυσαύλης | det | high | Article with the proper name. |
| 9 | Δυσαύλης | Δυσαύλης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφικέσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive ἀφικέσθαι. |
| 10 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 δύναιτο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of δύναιτο. |
| 11 | πρόφασιν | πρόφασις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | medium | Accusative associated with the manner/pretext phrase; semantic role is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 οὐχ | cc | high | Coordinates the negation with the following ὡς-clause. |
| 13 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 φασιν | advmod | high | Negates the elliptic/reportative clause. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 φασιν | mark | high | Introduces an elliptic clause or reported manner/comparison. |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Φλιάσιοί | det | high | Article substantivizing/marking the ethnic name. |
| 16 | Φλιάσιοί | Φλιάσιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 φασιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic plural subject of φασίν. |
| 17 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 δύναιτο | conj | medium | Coordinate predicate in an elliptic ὡς-clause; its omitted complement is understood from context. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 δύναιτο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ Κελεῷ προσήκων ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν οὐδὲ ἄλλως ἦν ἐν τοῖς ἐπιφανέσιν Ἐλευσινίων·
The compressed construction is parsed with ἦν as root and δοκεῖν as its infinitival complement; προσήκων is a predicative present participle within that infinitival phrase, while the coordinated negatives scope over the predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Adverb | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | Particle | _ | 10 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C--- | _ | 10 ἦν | cc | high | Correlative negative coordinator. |
| 4 | Κελεῷ | Κελεός | PROPN | Ne | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 προσήκων | obl | medium | Dative with προσήκων, construed as belonging/pertaining to Celeus. |
| 5 | προσήκων | προσήκω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 δοκεῖν | xcomp | medium | Present participle in an infinitival complement; exact attachment is somewhat compressed. |
| 6 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P1---D-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 7 δοκεῖν | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer with δοκεῖν. |
| 7 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive depending on ἦν, with προσήκων as its predicative participle. |
| 8 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C--- | _ | 9 ἄλλως | cc | high | Coordinates the adverbial phrase with the preceding negative construction. |
| 9 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 10 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 ἐπιφανέσιν | case | high | |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T---DP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 ἐπιφανέσιν | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐπιφανέσιν | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A---DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἦν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: the prominent/notable Eleusinians. |
| 14 | Ἐλευσινίων | Ἐλευσίνιος | ADJ | A---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπιφανέσιν | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective used attributively/substantivally with ἐπιφανέσιν. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἦν | punct | high |
οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε Ὅμηρος παρῆκεν αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν.
The optative παρῆκεν is aorist active indicative/possibly imperfect-form ambiguity in context; with ἄν it is best parsed as aorist indicative with potential ἄν, meaning that Homer would never have omitted him. αὐτόν is the object of παρῆκεν, and ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν is a locative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D—— | Polarity=Neg | 6 παρῆκεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 παρῆκεν | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | -------- | Mood=Pot | 6 παρῆκεν | advmod | high | Potential particle. |
| 4 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | -------- | _ | 6 παρῆκεν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παρῆκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | παρῆκεν | παρίημι | VERB | V3SAAI | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form may be interpreted contextually as aorist active indicative; ἄν supplies potential force. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | -------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 6 παρῆκεν | obj | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | -------- | _ | 10 ἔπεσιν | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | -------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἔπεσιν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἔπεσιν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 παρῆκεν | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | punct | _ | 6 παρῆκεν | punct | high |
ἔστι γὰρ καὶ Ὁμήρῳ πεποιημένα ἐς Δήμητραν·
Impersonal existential construction: πεποιημένα is a neuter plural perfect middle/passive participle used substantivally, with Ὁμήρῳ as an agentive dative and ἐς Δήμητραν as its complement; γάρ and καί are discourse connectives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal existential verb. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 πεποιημένα | cc | high | Coordinating/additive connective; scope is over the participial predication. |
| 4 | Ὁμήρῳ | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πεποιημένα | obl:agent | medium | Dative of author/agent with the perfect middle-passive participle. |
| 5 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural participle used substantivally; exact understood noun is omitted. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Δήμητραν | case | high | Attic/Ionic form of εἰς. |
| 7 | Δήμητραν | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-A-SF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πεποιημένα | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς; topic/dedication of the works. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ αὐτοῖς καταλέγων τοὺς διδαχθέντας ὑπὸ τῆς θεοῦ τὴν τελετὴν Δυσαύλην οὐδένα οἶδεν Ἐλευσίνιον.
The participle καταλέγων is circumstantial with οἶδεν; τοὺς διδαχθέντας is its accusative object, with τὴν τελετήν as the object of διδαχθέντας. Δυσαύλην is appositional to the implicit/understood person or group taught the rite; οὐδένα Ἐλευσίνιον is the accusative object of οἶδεν, with Ἐλευσίνιον agreeing adjectivally with οὐδένα. The exact attachment of Δυσαύλην is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 3 αὐτοῖς | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 οἶδεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 4 καταλέγων | obl | high | ἐν with dative; antecedent is contextual. |
| 4 | καταλέγων | καταλέγω | VERB | V-PPAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 οἶδεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial present participle agreeing with the understood subject of οἶδεν. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 διδαχθέντας | det | high | |
| 6 | διδαχθέντας | διδάσκω | VERB | V-APP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 καταλέγων | obj | high | Accusative aorist passive participle substantivized by τοὺς. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 θεοῦ | case | high | Agent phrase with passive participle. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 9 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 διδαχθέντας | obl:agent | high | Feminine θεός here refers to the goddess. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 τελετὴν | det | high | |
| 11 | τελετὴν | τελετή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 διδαχθέντας | obj | high | Object of διδαχθέντας. |
| 12 | Δυσαύλην | Δυσαύλης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 διδαχθέντας | appos | low | Likely appositional personal name; attachment is syntactically uncertain. |
| 13 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 οἶδεν | obj | high | Negative object of οἶδεν. |
| 14 | οἶδεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 15 | Ἐλευσίνιον | Ἐλευσίνιος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 οὐδένα | amod | high | Agrees with οὐδένα; substantival interpretation is also possible. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 οἶδεν | punct | high |
ἔχει δὲ οὕτω τὰ ἔπη·
ἔχει is an impersonal/presentative verb (‘it runs/reads thus’), with τὰ ἔπη as its accusative subject/content phrase; οὕτω is an adverbial complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔχει | advmod | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔχει | advmod | high | |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 5 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔχει | obj | high | Accusative phrase functioning as the content/subject of the presentative ἔχει. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high |