Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 2.15.3

← 2.15.22.15.4 →

Passage 2.15.3

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
72Greek tokens
2,981input tokens
5,278output tokens
Sentence 2

2.15.3 sentence 2

Tokens
27
Input
822
Output
1,980
Total
2,802

ἐνταῦθα ἔστι μὲν Ὀφέλτου τάφος, περὶ δὲ αὐτὸν θριγκὸς λίθων καὶ ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου βωμοί· ἔστι δὲ χῶμα γῆς Λυκούργου μνῆμα τοῦ Ὀφέλτου πατρός.

The syntax is paratactic and somewhat elliptical: the first clause has an existential subject τάφος with additional coordinated nominatives θριγκός and βωμοί, while the second clause repeats ἔστι with χῶμα as subject and μνῆμα πατρός as an appositive/explanatory nominative.

punct conj punct nsubj appos punct cc nsubj case case nmod discourse nsubj det advmod discourse nmod obl nmod det nmod discourse nmod nmod nmod root root 1 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 2 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 3 μὲν μέν / PART 4 Ὀφέλτου Ὄφελτος / PROPN 5 τάφος τάφος / NOUN 6 , , / PUNCT 7 περὶ περί / ADP 8 δὲ δέ / PART 9 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 10 θριγκὸς θρίγκος / NOUN 11 λίθων λίθος / NOUN 12 καὶ καί / CCONJ 13 ἐντὸς ἐντός / ADP 14 τοῦ ὁ / DET 15 περιβόλου περίβολος / NOUN 16 βωμοί βωμός / NOUN 17 · · / PUNCT 18 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 19 δὲ δέ / PART 20 χῶμα χῶμα / NOUN 21 γῆς γῆ / NOUN 22 Λυκούργου Λυκοῦργος / PROPN 23 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 24 τοῦ ὁ / DET 25 Ὀφέλτου Ὄφελτος / PROPN 26 πατρός πατήρ / NOUN 27 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD--------_2 ἔστιadvmodhighDeictic adverb modifying ἔστι.
2ἔστιεἰμίVERBV3SPI--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFirst copular/existential clause root.
3μὲνμένPARTG--------_2 ἔστιdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
4ὈφέλτουὌφελτοςPROPNNNPM---G-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 τάφοςnmodhighGenitive modifier of τάφος.
5τάφοςτάφοςNOUNN--MSN---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing2 ἔστιnsubjhighPredicate/existential subject.
6,,PUNCT__2 ἔστιpuncthighPunctuation.
7περὶπερίADPR--------_10 θριγκὸςcasehighPreposition governing αὐτόν.
8δὲδέPARTG--------_10 θριγκὸςdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
9αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONA-PAMS---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs10 θριγκὸςoblmediumObject of περί in the phrase περὶ αὐτόν.
10θριγκὸςθρίγκοςNOUNN--MSN---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing2 ἔστιnsubjmediumLikely subject of implied/elliptical existential ἔστι in the continued description.
11λίθωνλίθοςNOUNN-PMG---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur10 θριγκὸςnmodhighPartitive/material genitive dependent on θριγκός.
12καὶκαίCCONJC--------_16 βωμοίcchighCoordinator.
13ἐντὸςἐντόςADPR--------_16 βωμοίcasemediumPreposition/relator governing τοῦ περιβόλου.
14τοῦDETRA---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 περιβόλουdethighArticle modifying περιβόλου.
15περιβόλουπερίβολοςNOUNN--MSG---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 βωμοίnmodhighGenitive complement of ἐντός.
16βωμοίβωμόςNOUNN--MPN---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur2 ἔστιconjmediumConjoined with θριγκός as another existentially presented element.
17··PUNCT__2 ἔστιpuncthighPunctuation.
18ἔστιεἰμίVERBV3SPI--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighSecond existential clause root.
19δὲδέPARTG--------_18 ἔστιdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
20χῶμαχῶμαNOUNN--NSN---Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing18 ἔστιnsubjhighSubject of ἔστι.
21γῆςγῆNOUNN--FGS---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 χῶμαnmodhighGenitive complement describing material.
22ΛυκούργουΛυκοῦργοςPROPNNNPM---G-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing23 μνῆμαnmodhighGenitive modifier of μνῆμα.
23μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN--NSN---Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing18 ἔστιapposmediumAppositive/explanatory nominative after χῶμα.
24τοῦDETRA---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art26 πατρόςdethighArticle modifying πατρός.
25ὈφέλτουὌφελτοςPROPNNNPM---G-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing26 πατρόςnmodhighGenitive modifier of πατρός.
26πατρόςπατήρNOUNN--MSG---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing23 μνῆμαnmodmediumGenitive dependent of μνῆμα, with appositional relation to Λυκούργου in context.
27..PUNCT__18 ἔστιpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

2.15.3 sentence 3

Tokens
16
Input
757
Output
1,176
Total
1,933

τὴν δὲ πηγὴν Ἀδράστειαν ὀνομάζουσιν εἴτε ἐπʼ ἄλλῃ τινὶ αἰτίᾳ εἴτε καὶ ἀνευρόντος αὐτὴν Ἀδράστου·

The final εἴτε...εἴτε construction introduces two alternative explanations; the second is a genitive absolute.

punct advcl cc obl discourse case det obj amod acl xcomp cc det advmod obj root 1 τὴν ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 πηγὴν πηγή / NOUN 4 Ἀδράστειαν Ἀδράστεια / PROPN 5 ὀνομάζουσιν ὀνομάζω / VERB 6 εἴτε εἴτε / CCONJ 7 ἐπʼ ἐπί / ADP 8 ἄλλῃ ἄλλος / ADJ 9 τινὶ τις / PRON 10 αἰτίᾳ αἰτία / NOUN 11 εἴτε εἴτε / CCONJ 12 καὶ καί / PART 13 ἀνευρόντος ἀνευρίσκω / VERB 14 αὐτὴν αὐτός / PRON 15 Ἀδράστου Ἀδράστος / PROPN 16 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 πηγὴνdethighArticle modifying πηγὴν.
2δὲδέPART__5 ὀνομάζουσινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3πηγὴνπηγήNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ὀνομάζουσινobjhighDirect object of ὀνομάζουσιν.
4ἈδράστειανἈδράστειαPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ὀνομάζουσινxcomphighPredicate name in object complement construction.
5ὀνομάζουσινὀνομάζωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
6εἴτεεἴτεCCONJ__5 ὀνομάζουσινcchighCorrelative conjunction starting alternative causal clauses.
7ἐπʼἐπίADP_AdpType=Prep10 αἰτίᾳcasehighGoverns dative phrase.
8ἄλλῃἄλλοςADJ_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 αἰτίᾳamodhighModifies αἰτίᾳ.
9τινὶτιςPRON_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind10 αἰτίᾳdethighIndefinite modifier of αἰτίᾳ.
10αἰτίᾳαἰτίαNOUN_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ὀνομάζουσινoblhighDative object of ἐπʼ.
11εἴτεεἴτεCCONJ__5 ὀνομάζουσινcchighSecond member of the correlative pair.
12καὶκαίPART__13 ἀνευρόντοςadvmodmediumLikely emphatic/additive particle modifying participle.
13ἀνευρόντοςἀνευρίσκωVERB_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act15 ἈδράστουaclhighGenitive participial clause.
14αὐτὴναὐτόςPRON_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs13 ἀνευρόντοςobjhighObject of ἀνευρόντος.
15ἈδράστουἈδράστοςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ὀνομάζουσινadvclhighGenitive absolute with ἀνευρόντος αὐτὴν Ἀδράστου.
16··PUNCT__5 ὀνομάζουσινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

2.15.3 sentence 4

Tokens
13
Input
674
Output
1,006
Total
1,680

τὸ δὲ ὄνομα λέγουσι τῇ χώρᾳ Νεμέαν δοῦναι θυγατέρα Ἀσωποῦ καὶ ταύτην.

The infinitival clause δοῦναι θυγατέρα Ἀσωποῦ καὶ ταύτην is controlled by λέγουσι; the exact attachment of Νεμέαν is somewhat uncertain but best read as an accusative object/complement of δοῦναι.

punct xcomp conj det discourse iobj obj det obj obj nmod cc root 1 τὸ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ὄνομα ὄνομα / NOUN 4 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 5 τῇ ὁ / DET 6 χώρᾳ χώρα / NOUN 7 Νεμέαν Νεμέα / PROPN 8 δοῦναι δίδωμι / VERB 9 θυγατέρα θυγάτηρ / NOUN 10 Ἀσωποῦ Ἀσωπός / PROPN 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 ταύτην οὗτος / PRON 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸDETl-s---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ὄνομαdethighArticle with ὄνομα.
2δὲδέPARTg---------_4 λέγουσιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ὄνομαὄνομαNOUNn-s---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 λέγουσιobjhighDirect object of λέγουσι.
4λέγουσιλέγωVERBv3ppia---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
5τῇDETl-s---fd-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 χώρᾳdethighArticle with χώρᾳ.
6χώρᾳχώραNOUNn-s---fd-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 λέγουσιiobjhighDative of recipient/indirect object with δοῦναι.
7ΝεμέανΝεμέαPROPNn-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 δοῦναιobjmediumAccusative proper name likely complement of δοῦναι.
8δοῦναιδίδωμιVERBv--ana---Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act4 λέγουσιxcomphighComplement infinitive depending on λέγουσι.
9θυγατέραθυγάτηρNOUNn-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 δοῦναιobjhighObject of δοῦναι.
10ἈσωποῦἈσωπόςPROPNn-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 θυγατέραnmodhighGenitive dependent of θυγατέρα.
11καὶκαίCCONJc---------_12 ταύτηνcchighCoordinator.
12ταύτηνοὗτοςPRONp-s---fa-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem9 θυγατέραconjmediumLikely coordinate object/apposition with θυγατέρα; syntax somewhat uncertain.
13..PUNCT__4 λέγουσιpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 5

2.15.3 sentence 5

Tokens
16
Input
728
Output
1,116
Total
1,844

καὶ ὄρος Ἀπέσας ἐστὶν ὑπὲρ τὴν Νεμέαν, ἔνθα Περσέα πρῶτον Διὶ θῦσαι λέγουσιν Ἀπεσαντίῳ.

Main clause is straightforward; the relative clause with ἔνθα and the reported infinitival clause headed by λέγουσιν require some interpretive attachment choices.

punct advcl advmod punct cc obl obj nsubj advmod obl compound case det iobj ccomp root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 ὄρος ὄρος / NOUN 3 Ἀπέσας Ἀπέσας / PROPN 4 ἐστὶν εἰμί / VERB 5 ὑπὲρ ὑπέρ / ADP 6 τὴν ὁ / DET 7 Νεμέαν Νεμέα / PROPN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ἔνθα ἔνθα / ADV 10 Περσέα Περσεύς / PROPN 11 πρῶτον πρῶτον / ADV 12 Διὶ Ζεύς / PROPN 13 θῦσαι θύω / VERB 14 λέγουσιν λέγω / VERB 15 Ἀπεσαντίῳ Ἀπεσάντιος / PROPN 16 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJ__4 ἐστὶνcchighcoordinating conjunction
2ὄροςὄροςNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 ἐστὶνnsubjhighsubject of ἐστίν
3ἈπέσαςἈπέσαςPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing2 ὄροςcompoundmediumlikely proper name in apposition/attributive relation to ὄρος; morphology uncertain
4ἐστὶνεἰμίVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighmain verb
5ὑπὲρὑπέρADP__4 ἐστὶνcasehighpreposition
6τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 Νεμέανdethigharticle
7ΝεμέανΝεμέαPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ἐστὶνoblhighobject of preposition ὑπέρ
8,,PUNCT__4 ἐστὶνpuncthighpunctuation
9ἔνθαἔνθαADV__14 λέγουσινadvmodhighrelative adverb introducing clause
10ΠερσέαΠερσεύςPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 θῦσαιobjhighobject of infinitive θῦσαι
11πρῶτονπρῶτονADV__13 θῦσαιadvmodhighadverb modifying infinitive
12ΔιὶΖεύςPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 θῦσαιiobjhighdative with sacrifice verb
13θῦσαιθύωVERB_Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act14 λέγουσινccomphighcomplement of λέγουσιν
14λέγουσινλέγωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act4 ἐστὶνadvclmediumreported-speech / complement clause dependent on main clause; clause attachment somewhat uncertain
15ἈπεσαντίῳἈπεσάντιοςPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 θῦσαιobllowlikely dative of recipient/deity epithet; form and relation uncertain
16..PUNCT__4 ἐστὶνpuncthighpunctuation
← 2.15.22.15.4 →