Grammar parses for passage 2.15.5
Open translation for this passage
λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὧδε λόγος· Φορωνέα ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ γενέσθαι πρῶτον, Ἴναχον δὲ οὐκ ἄνδρα ἀλλὰ τὸν ποταμὸν πατέρα εἶναι Φορωνεῖ·
The sentence contains two indirect statements governed by λέγεται/λόγος; attachment of πατέρα and Φορωνεῖ is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PPM/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate in impersonal/passive use. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 4 ὧδε | advmod | high | Focus/additive particle modifying ὧδε. |
| 4 | ὧδε | ὧδε | ADV | D---- | _ | 5 λόγος | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of λόγος. |
| 5 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 1 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | high | Surface subject with impersonal λέγεται. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
| 7 | Φορωνέα | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 12 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of infinitive γενέσθαι in indirect statement. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 γῇ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-S---FD- | Case=Dative|Definite=Definite|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 γῇ | det | high | Article modifying γῇ. |
| 10 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 12 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent of γενέσθαι. |
| 11 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | Pd-S---FD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 γῇ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying γῇ. |
| 12 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 λόγος | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λόγος. |
| 13 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 12 γενέσθαι | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial accusative 'first'. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 15 | Ἴναχον | Ἴναχος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 Ἴναχον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 18 ἄνδρα | advmod | high | Negator. |
| 18 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | obj | high | Predicate complement in infinitival clause. |
| 19 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἄνδρα | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Definite=Definite|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ποταμὸν | det | high | Article modifying ποταμόν. |
| 21 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 18 ἄνδρα | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate complement after ἀλλά. |
| 22 | πατέρα | πατήρ | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative complement with εἶναι; could also be appositive to ποταμόν. |
| 23 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-ANM | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 Ἴναχον | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement in indirect statement. |
| 24 | Φορωνεῖ | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 22 πατέρα | obl | medium | Dative of reference/advantage with πατήρ. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
τοῦτον δὲ Ποσειδῶνι καὶ Ἥρᾳ δικάσαι περὶ τῆς χώρας, σὺν δὲ αὐτῷ Κηφισόν τε καὶ Ἀστερίωνα καὶ τὸν Ἴναχον ποταμόν·
The syntax is an infinitival clause with δικάσαι as root; the river-name sequence after σὺν αὐτῷ is somewhat textually/structurally awkward, so coordination relations there are assigned conservatively.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 δικάσαι | obj | high | Accusative demonstrative pronoun as object of δικάσαι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 6 δικάσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ποσειδῶνι | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | Ne-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 δικάσαι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/party to the judgment. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 Ἥρᾳ | cc | high | Coordinates Ποσειδῶνι and Ἥρᾳ. |
| 5 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | Ne-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ποσειδῶνι | conj | high | Second coordinated dative. |
| 6 | δικάσαι | δικάζω | VERB | V-AAN | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active infinitive, syntactic root in indirect statement/infinitival construction. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R | _ | 6 δικάσαι | case | high | Preposition governing τῆς χώρας. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-DFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 9 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-DFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 δικάσαι | obl | high | Genitive object of περὶ. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 δικάσαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R | _ | 14 Κηφισόν | case | high | Preposition with dative complement. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 14 Κηφισόν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 13 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 Κηφισόν | obl | high | Dative complement of σὺν. |
| 14 | Κηφισόν | Κηφισός | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 δικάσαι | obj | medium | Likely coordinated with Ἀστερίωνα and Ἴναχον as names under the 'with him' phrase; case here is as transmitted. |
| 15 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 14 Κηφισόν | advmod | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 Ἀστερίωνα | cc | high | Coordinates the river names. |
| 17 | Ἀστερίωνα | Ἀστερίων | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Κηφισόν | conj | high | Coordinated with Κηφισόν. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 20 Ἴναχον | cc | high | Coordinates Ἴναχον with preceding coordinated item. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ποταμόν | det | high | Article modifying ποταμόν. |
| 20 | Ἴναχον | Ἴναχος | PROPN | Ne-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Κηφισόν | conj | high | Coordinated with Κηφισόν. |
| 21 | ποταμόν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἴναχον | appos | high | Appositional common noun identifying Ἴναχον as a river. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 δικάσαι | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
κρινάντων δὲ Ἥρας εἶναι τὴν γῆν, οὕτω σφίσιν ἀφανίσαι τὸ ὕδωρ Ποσειδῶνα.
The syntax is elliptical: a genitive absolute with an infinitival clause, and Ἥρας is likely the subject of εἶναι while Ποσειδῶνα is the subject of ἀφανίσαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κρινάντων | κρίνω | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀφανίσαι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 10 ἀφανίσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κρινάντων | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of infinitive εἶναι within the genitive absolute, though case is formally genitive. |
| 4 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 κρινάντων | xcomp | high | Complement of κρινάντων. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 γῆν | det | high | Article modifying γῆν. |
| 6 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 εἶναι | obj | high | Predicate/subject complement of εἶναι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀφανίσαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἀφανίσαι | advmod | high | Manner adverb. |
| 9 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀφανίσαι | iobj | medium | Dative of advantage/reference; morphological gender is conventional/unspecified. |
| 10 | ἀφανίσαι | ἀφανίζω | VERB | V-AAN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive functioning as sentential root. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 12 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφανίσαι | obj | high | Object of ἀφανίσαι. |
| 13 | Ποσειδῶνα | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφανίσαι | nsubj | medium | Likely understood subject of infinitive ἀφανίσαι, despite postpositive placement. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀφανίσαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Φορωνεὺς δὲ ὁ Ἰνάχου τοὺς ἀνθρώπους συνήγαγε πρῶτον ἐς κοινόν, σποράδας τέως καὶ ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν ἑκάστοτε οἰκοῦντας·
The main syntactic issue is the participial phrase σποράδας τέως καὶ ἐφʼ ἑαυτῶν ἑκάστοτε οἰκοῦντας, which describes the people and is loosely attached to the main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φορωνεὺς | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συνήγαγε | nsubj | high | Subject of συνήγαγε. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 συνήγαγε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἰνάχου | det | high | Article with patronymic/genitive modifier. |
| 4 | Ἰνάχου | Ἴναχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Φορωνεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Φορωνεὺς. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνθρώπους | det | high | Article modifying ἀνθρώπους. |
| 6 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 συνήγαγε | obj | high | Direct object of συνήγαγε. |
| 7 | συνήγαγε | συνάγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | πρῶτον | πρῶτον | ADV | _ | _ | 7 συνήγαγε | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of the verb. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 κοινόν | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | κοινόν | κοινός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 συνήγαγε | obl | medium | Likely substantive/adverbial use in the phrase ἐς κοινόν. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 συνήγαγε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | σποράδας | σποράς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 οἰκοῦντας | amod | medium | Adjectival form modifying the participle οἰκοῦντας; gender is contextually masculine despite form ambiguity. |
| 13 | τέως | τέως | ADV | _ | _ | 18 οἰκοῦντας | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἐφʼ | cc | high | Connective conjunction. |
| 15 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 18 οἰκοῦντας | case | high | Preposition governing ἑαυτῶν. |
| 16 | ἑαυτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 18 οἰκοῦντας | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐφʼ. |
| 17 | ἑκάστοτε | ἑκάστοτε | ADV | _ | _ | 18 οἰκοῦντας | advmod | high | Adverb modifying participle. |
| 18 | οἰκοῦντας | οἰκέω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 συνήγαγε | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the main verb; coordinated with the preceding descriptive element. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 συνήγαγε | punct | high | Punctuation. |