Grammar parses for passage 2.17.4
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τῆς Ἥρας ἐπὶ θρόνου κάθηται μεγέθει μέγα, χρυσοῦ μὲν καὶ ἐλέφαντος, Πολυκλείτου δὲ ἔργον·
The clause is straightforward overall, but μέγα and ἔργον are somewhat loose appositional/predicative additions to ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 8 κάθηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 κάθηται | nsubj | high | Subject of κάθηται. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἥρας | det | high | Article modifying Ἥρας. |
| 5 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 θρόνου | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | θρόνου | θρόνος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κάθηται | obl | high | Object of ἐπί; locative-like complement. |
| 8 | κάθηται | κάθημαι | VERB | v-3spie-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, main predicate. |
| 9 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 κάθηται | obl | high | Dative of respect/measure. |
| 10 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | amod | medium | Likely predicative/appositional adjective agreeing with ἄγαλμα; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κάθηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | χρυσοῦ | χρυσός | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἔργον, expressing material. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 12 χρυσοῦ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 χρυσοῦ | cc | high | Connects χρυσοῦ and ἐλέφαντος. |
| 15 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 χρυσοῦ | conj | high | Conjoined genitive material noun. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔργον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | Πολυκλείτου | Πολύκλειτος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἔργον, author/possessor. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 19 ἔργον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 19 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 κάθηται | appos | medium | Appositive to ἄγαλμα; could also be analyzed as predicate nominal in loose structure. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κάθηται | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
ἔπεστι δέ οἱ στέφανος Χάριτας ἔχων καὶ Ὥρας ἐπειργασμένας, καὶ τῶν χειρῶν τῇ μὲν καρπὸν φέρει ῥοιᾶς, τῇ δὲ σκῆπτρον.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: the participles ἔχων and ἐπειργασμένας describe the wreath, and the final καὶ...τῇ μὲν...τῇ δὲ... phrases coordinate additional objects of φέρει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔπεστι | ἐπέπειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔπεστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | σύ | PRON | P-3DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 ἔπεστι | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/possession with ἔπεστι. |
| 4 | στέφανος | στέφανος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔπεστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔπεστι. |
| 5 | Χάριτας | Χάρις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 6 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 στέφανος | acl | high | Participial modifier of στέφανος. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔχων | cc | high | Links coordinated objects. |
| 8 | Ὥρας | Ὥρα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπειργασμένας | obj | high | Second object of ἔχων. |
| 9 | ἐπειργασμένας | ἐπειργάζομαι | VERB | V-PRP-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἔχων | conj | high | Coordinated participial/object-like modifier; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔχων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 φέρει | cc | high | Coordinates following clause/additional phrase. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 χειρῶν | det | high | Article with χειρῶν. |
| 13 | χειρῶν | χείρ | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 φέρει | obl | medium | Genitive dependent of φέρει; likely partitive/source-like genitive. |
| 14 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 καρπὸν | det | high | Article with καρπόν. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 14 τῇ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | καρπὸν | καρπός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 φέρει | obj | high | Direct object of φέρει. |
| 17 | φέρει | φέρω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔπεστι | conj | high | Second coordinated predication. |
| 18 | ῥοιᾶς | ῥοιά | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 καρπὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive modifying καρπόν (fruit of a pomegranate). |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 φέρει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 σκῆπτρον | det | high | Article with σκῆπτρον. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 20 τῇ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 22 | σκῆπτρον | σκῆπτρον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 φέρει | obj | high | Second object of φέρει. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔπεστι | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἐς τὴν ῥοιὰν---ἀπορρητότερος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ λόγος---ἀφείσθω μοι·
The sentence has a parenthetical explanatory clause interrupted by dashes; the main clause is an imperative with an object/topic left implicit before τὰ μὲν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 λόγος | det | high | Article with ellipsis/attraction; likely governs understood neuter plural object of ἀφείσθω. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | _ | _ | 18 ἀφείσθω | discourse | high | Inferential particle modifying the main imperative. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ῥοιὰν | case | high | Preposition taking accusative. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ῥοιὰν | det | high | Article modifying ῥοιάν. |
| 6 | ῥοιὰν | ῥοιά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀφείσθω | obl | high | Prepositional oblique dependent of the imperative. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 10 | ἀπορρητότερος | ἀπορρητός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 λόγος | amod | medium | Predicative adjective modifying λόγος inside parenthetical clause; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 11 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 12 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπορρητότερος | cop | high | Copula in parenthetical clause. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 λόγος | det | high | Article modifying λόγος. |
| 14 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | Dash of parenthetical interruption. |
| 18 | ἀφείσθω | ἀφίημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main imperative; middle/passive form with permissive force. |
| 19 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 18 ἀφείσθω | iobj | high | Dative of person affected/recipient. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀφείσθω | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
κόκκυγα δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ σκήπτρῳ καθῆσθαί φασι λέγοντες τὸν Δία, ὅτε ἤρα παρθένου τῆς Ἥρας, ἐς τοῦτον τὸν ὄρνιθα ἀλλαγῆναι, τὴν δὲ ἅτε παίγνιον θηρᾶσαι.
Reported-speech construction with φασι governing multiple infinitival complements; the temporal clause at ὅτε ἤρα is slightly uncertain in morphology and attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κόκκυγα | κόκκυξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καθῆσθαί | obj | high | Subject of the infinitival clause |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 κόκκυγα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 5 σκήπτρῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 σκήπτρῳ | det | high | Article with σκήπτρῳ |
| 5 | σκήπτρῳ | σκῆπτρον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 καθῆσθαί | obl | high | Locative complement with ἐπί |
| 6 | καθῆσθαί | κάθημαι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 φασι | ccomp | high | Infinitive clause dependent on φασι |
| 7 | φασι | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb |
| 8 | λέγοντες | λέγω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 φασι | advcl | high | Supplementary participial clause |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Δία | det | high | Article with Δία |
| 10 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λέγοντες | obj | high | Object of λέγοντες / participial discourse |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγοντες | punct | high | Punctuation |
| 12 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἀλλαγῆναι | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction |
| 13 | ἤρα | ἀράω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 22 ἀλλαγῆναι | advcl | medium | Form and syntax somewhat uncertain; treated as aorist finite verb in temporal clause |
| 14 | παρθένου | παρθένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἤρα | obj | high | Genitive complement with ἐράω/ἀράω-like reading |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἥρας | det | high | Article with Ἥρας |
| 16 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 παρθένου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παρθένου |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἤρα | punct | high | Punctuation |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 ἀλλαγῆναι | case | high | Preposition governing accusative |
| 19 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 21 ὄρνιθα | det | high | Demonstrative with ὄρνιθα |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ὄρνιθα | det | high | Article with ὄρνιθα |
| 21 | ὄρνιθα | ὄρνις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀλλαγῆναι | obl | high | Goal/object of ἀλλαγῆναι with ἐς |
| 22 | ἀλλαγῆναι | ἀλλάσσω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 8 λέγοντες | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement in reported speech |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀλλαγῆναι | punct | high | Punctuation |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 θηρᾶσαι | det | high | Article with implied object of θηρᾶσαι |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 τὴν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective |
| 26 | ἅτε | ἅτε | PART | _ | _ | 28 θηρᾶσαι | advmod | high | Comparative/causal particle |
| 27 | παίγνιον | παίγνιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 θηρᾶσαι | obj | high | Predicate-like object of θηρᾶσαι |
| 28 | θηρᾶσαι | θηράω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 λέγοντες | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement coordinated in reported content |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation |
τοῦτον τὸν λόγον καὶ ὅσα ἐοικότα εἴρηται περὶ θεῶν οὐκ ἀποδεχόμενος γράφω, γράφω δὲ οὐδὲν ἧσσον.
The first participial phrase is somewhat compressed: ὅσα ἐοικότα εἴρηται περὶ θεῶν functions as an object-like clause modifying the writing claim, and the second γράφω is coordinated with the first.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 3 λόγον | det | high | Demonstrative modifying λόγον. |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 λόγον | det | high | Article modifying λόγον. |
| 3 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-SM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 γράφω | obj | high | Direct object of γράφω. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ὅσα | cc | high | Links λόγον with ὅσα. |
| 5 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | PI-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 12 γράφω | obj | medium | Neuter plural relative pronoun used substantively; coordinated with λόγον. |
| 6 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 εἴρηται | xcomp | medium | Participial complement of εἴρηται; agreement with ὅσα. |
| 7 | εἴρηται | λέγω | VERB | V-IXM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 12 γράφω | advcl | high | Finite perfect in subordinate participial clause after ὅσα ἐοικότα. |
| 8 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 θεῶν | case | high | Preposition governing θεῶν. |
| 9 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 εἴρηται | obl | high | Prepositional object of εἴρηται. |
| 10 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 12 γράφω | advmod | high | Negates ἀποδεχόμενος. |
| 11 | ἀποδεχόμενος | ἀποδέχομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 γράφω | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying γράφω. |
| 12 | γράφω | γράφω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence; first instance. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γράφω | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 14 | γράφω | γράφω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 γράφω | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PRT | _ | 14 γράφω | discourse | high | Postpositive particle introducing the coordinated clause. |
| 16 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | PI-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 14 γράφω | obj | high | Direct object of δεύτερον γράφω. |
| 17 | ἧσσον | ἥσσων | ADJ | A-NSN-CMP | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 γράφω | advmod | medium | Comparative adverbial use: 'not at all less' / 'not less'. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γράφω | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |