Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 2.18.2

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Passage 2.18.2

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3sentences parsed

81Greek tokens

2,546input tokens

5,923output tokens

Sentence 1

2.18.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 18
Input: 762
Output: 1,388
Total: 2,150

ὕστερον δὲ οὐκ ἔχω σαφὲς εἰπεῖν πότερον ἀδικίας ἦρξεν Αἴγισθος ἢ προϋπῆρξεν Ἀγαμέμνονι φόνος Ταντάλου τοῦ Θυέστου·

The indirect question is coordinated with πότερον ... ἢ; σαφές is an adverbial neuter accusative, and Ταντάλου τοῦ Θυέστου is interpreted as a genealogical genitive phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 ἔχω	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἔχω	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 ἔχω	advmod	high	Negative particle.
4	ἔχω	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Polarity=Neg\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb; governs infinitival complement.
5	σαφὲς	σαφής	ADJ	A-SNN	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 εἰπεῖν	advmod	medium	Neuter accusative adverbial accusative modifying εἰπεῖν.
6	εἰπεῖν	λέγω	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	4 ἔχω	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive of ἔχω.
7	πότερον	πότερον	SCONJ	ADV	_	9 ἦρξεν	mark	high	Introduces first member of alternative indirect question.
8	ἀδικίας	ἀδικία	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἦρξεν	obj	medium	Genitive object/complement with ἦρξεν, 'began wrongdoing'.
9	ἦρξεν	ἄρχω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 εἰπεῖν	ccomp	high	First alternative clause within indirect question.
10	Αἴγισθος	Αἴγισθος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἦρξεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἦρξεν.
11	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 προϋπῆρξεν	cc	high	Coordinates the two alternative clauses.
12	προϋπῆρξεν	προϋπάρχω	VERB	V-2AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 εἰπεῖν	conj	high	Second alternative clause.
13	Ἀγαμέμνονι	Ἀγαμέμνων	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 προϋπῆρξεν	iobj	high	Dative with προϋπῆρξεν, 'preceded Agamemnon'.
14	φόνος	φόνος	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 προϋπῆρξεν	nsubj	high	Subject of προϋπῆρξεν.
15	Ταντάλου	Τάνταλος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 φόνος	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on φόνος.
16	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 Θυέστου	det	high	Article modifying Θυέστου.
17	Θυέστου	Θυέστης	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 Ταντάλου	nmod	high	Genitive appositional/relational name, likely 'Tantalus, son of Thyestes'.
18	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἔχω	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

2.18.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 10
Input: 667
Output: 819
Total: 1,486

συνοικεῖν δέ φασιν αὐτὸν Κλυταιμνήστρᾳ παρθένῳ παρὰ Τυνδάρεω λαβόντα.

Accusative-and-infinitive construction: αὐτὸν is the infinitive's subject; λαβόντα is a circumstantial aorist participle agreeing with it.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	συνοικεῖν	συνοικέω	VERB	V- -PAN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	3 φασιν	ccomp	high	Infinitive complementary to φασιν.
2	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 φασιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V- -PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main reporting verb.
4	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-3ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	1 συνοικεῖν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
5	Κλυταιμνήστρᾳ	Κλυταιμνήστρα	PROPN	N-FSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|NameType=Giv\|Number=Sing	1 συνοικεῖν	obl	high	Dative complement of συνοικεῖν.
6	παρθένῳ	παρθένος	NOUN	N-FSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 Κλυταιμνήστρᾳ	appos	high	Apposition to Κλυταιμνήστρᾳ.
7	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	PREP	_	8 Τυνδάρεω	case	high	Preposition governing the genitive.
8	Τυνδάρεω	Τυνδάρεως	PROPN	N-MSG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|NameType=Giv\|Number=Sing	9 λαβόντα	obl	high	Genitive complement with παρά, dependent on λαβόντα.
9	λαβόντα	λαμβάνω	VERB	V- -AAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 συνοικεῖν	advcl	medium	Accusative aorist participle agreeing with αὐτόν; temporal or circumstantial.
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	3 φασιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

2.18.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 53
Input: 1,117
Output: 3,716
Total: 4,833

ἐγὼ δὲ καταγνῶναι μὲν οὐκ ἐθέλω φύσει σφᾶς γενέσθαι κακούς· εἰ δὲ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον αὐτοῖς τὸ μίασμα τὸ Πέλοπος καὶ ὁ Μυρτίλου προστρόπαιος ἠκολούθησε, τούτοις ἦν ἄρα ὁμολογοῦντα, ἡνίκα ἡ Πυθία Γλαύκῳ τῷ Ἐπικύδους Σπαρτιάτῃ, βουλεύσαντι ἐπίορκα ὀμόσαι, καὶ τοῦδε εἶπεν ἐς τοὺς ἀπογόνους κατιέναι τὴν δίκην.

The transmitted middle portion (τοῦτο...ἠκολούθησε...τούτοις ἦν ἄρα ὁμολογοῦντα) is syntactically difficult; attachments for ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον, προστρόπαιος, ὁμολογοῦντα, and the competing finite predicates are explicitly uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐγὼ	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1NS	Case=Nom\|Number=Sing\|Person=1	6 ἐθέλω	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 ἐθέλω	cc	high
3	καταγνῶναι	καταγιγνώσκω	VERB	V--AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 ἐθέλω	xcomp	high	Infinitive governed by ἐθέλω.
4	μὲν	μέν	PART	PRT	_	3 καταγνῶναι	discourse	high
5	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	PRT	Polarity=Neg	6 ἐθέλω	advmod	high
6	ἐθέλω	ἐθέλω	VERB	V-PAI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	φύσει	φύσις	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 γενέσθαι	obl	high
8	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P-3AP	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	9 γενέσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
9	γενέσθαι	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-2ADN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	3 καταγνῶναι	ccomp	high
10	κακούς	κακός	ADJ	A--APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 γενέσθαι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with γενέσθαι.
11	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐθέλω	punct	high
12	εἰ	εἰ	SCONJ	CONJ	_	25 ἠκολούθησε	mark	high
13	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	25 ἠκολούθησε	cc	high
14	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	_	15 τοσοῦτον	case	high	With accusative τοσοῦτον.
15	τοσοῦτον	τοσοῦτος	ADJ	A--ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 ἠκολούθησε	obl	medium	Adverbial accusative in the extent expression ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον.
16	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P-3DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	25 ἠκολούθησε	iobj	medium	Dative associated with the following subject/predicate construction.
17	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 μίασμα	det	high
18	μίασμα	μίασμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	25 ἠκολούθησε	nsubj	high
19	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 Πέλοπος	det	high
20	Πέλοπος	Πέλοψ	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 μίασμα	nmod	high
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	24 προστρόπαιος	cc	high
22	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 προστρόπαιος	det	high	Article with substantivized proper-name expression.
23	Μυρτίλου	Μυρτίλος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 προστρόπαιος	nmod	medium	Genitive proper name in the phrase τὸ ... προστρόπαιος; transmitted syntax is difficult.
24	προστρόπαιος	προστρόπαιος	ADJ	A--NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 ἠκολούθησε	nsubj	low	Form and coordination with μίασμα are syntactically irregular; retained as a second nominative subject/predicate-like element.
25	ἠκολούθησε	ἀκολουθέω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	28 ἦν	ccomp	medium	Finite verb in the εἰ-clause; clause is embedded under the following resultative/main construction.
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	25 ἠκολούθησε	punct	high
27	τούτοις	οὗτος	PRON	D-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	30 ὁμολογοῦντα	iobj	medium	Dative with ὁμολογοῦντα; exact construction is uncertain.
28	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	low	Likely copular/resultative continuation, but the sentence has a difficult transmitted construction; two finite predicates are possible.
29	ἄρα	ἄρα	PART	PRT	_	28 ἦν	discourse	high
30	ὁμολογοῦντα	ὁμολογέω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	28 ἦν	xcomp	low	Accusative participle; its syntactic attachment and agreement are uncertain in the transmitted text.
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	28 ἦν	punct	high
32	ἡνίκα	ἡνίκα	SCONJ	CONJ	_	46 εἶπεν	mark	high	Temporal subordinator.
33	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	34 Πυθία	det	high
34	Πυθία	Πυθία	PROPN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	46 εἶπεν	nsubj	high
35	Γλαύκῳ	Γλαῦκος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	46 εἶπεν	iobj	high
36	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 Σπαρτιάτῃ	det	high
37	Ἐπικύδους	Ἐπίκυδος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 Σπαρτιάτῃ	nmod	high	Patronymic genitive.
38	Σπαρτιάτῃ	Σπαρτιάτης	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	35 Γλαύκῳ	appos	high
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	46 εἶπεν	punct	high
40	βουλεύσαντι	βουλεύω	VERB	V-AAP-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	35 Γλαύκῳ	acl	high	Agrees with Γλαύκῳ.
41	ἐπίορκα	ἐπίορκος	ADJ	A--APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	42 ὀμόσαι	obj	high	Adverbial/object use with ὀμόσαι: swear falsely.
42	ὀμόσαι	ὄμνυμι	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	40 βουλεύσαντι	xcomp	high
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	40 βουλεύσαντι	punct	high
44	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	46 εἶπεν	cc	high	Coordinates the infinitival complement with the subsequent infinitive.
45	τοῦδε	ὅδε	PRON	D-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	46 εἶπεν	obl	medium	Genitive reference, likely 'of this'; exact semantic role is uncertain.
46	εἶπεν	λέγω	VERB	V-2AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	28 ἦν	advcl	medium	Verb of saying in the temporal clause; governs κατιέναι.
47	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	49 ἀπογόνους	case	high
48	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	49 ἀπογόνους	det	high
49	ἀπογόνους	ἀπόγονος	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	50 κατιέναι	obl	high
50	κατιέναι	κάτειμι	VERB	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	46 εἶπεν	xcomp	high	Infinitive governed by εἶπεν.
51	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	52 δίκην	det	high
52	δίκην	δίκη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	50 κατιέναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive κατιέναι.
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	28 ἦν	punct	high

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