Grammar parses for passage 2.18.3
Open translation for this passage
ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν Κριῶν---οὕτω γὰρ τοῦ Θυέστου τὸ μνῆμα ὀνομάζουσι---προελθοῦσιν ὀλίγον ἐστὶν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ χωρίον Μυσία καὶ Δήμητρος Μυσίας ἱερὸν ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς Μυσίου τὸ ὄνομα, γενομένου καὶ τούτου, καθάπερ λέγουσιν Ἀργεῖοι, ξένου τῇ Δήμητρι.
The participle προελθοῦσιν is dative plural and supplies the implied travelers; the main clause has impersonal ἐστίν with χωρίον as subject and ἐν ἀριστερᾷ as location. The final genitive absolute γενομένου τούτου introduces the reported etymological explanation; ξένου agrees with the understood antecedent τούτου/Μυσίου and τῇ Δήμητρι is its dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 18 προελθοῦσιν | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 προελθοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Κριῶν | det | high | |
| 4 | Κριῶν | Κριός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 προελθοῦσιν | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 προελθοῦσιν | punct | high | Dash. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 προελθοῦσιν | punct | high | Dash. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 προελθοῦσιν | punct | high | Dash. |
| 8 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | cc | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Θυέστου | det | high | |
| 11 | Θυέστου | Θυέστης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 μνῆμα | det | high | |
| 13 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Subject of the naming predicate. |
| 14 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 προελθοῦσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | Dash. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | Dash. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ὀνομάζουσι | punct | high | Dash. |
| 18 | προελθοῦσιν | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Dative participle, likely referring to persons proceeding from the Krians; exact antecedent is implicit. |
| 19 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 προελθοῦσιν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative; some analyses attach it to ἐστίν. |
| 20 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/existential main predicate. |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 22 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 22 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘on the left’. |
| 23 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | Μυσία | Μυσία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Place name modifying ἱερόν. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 Δήμητρος | cc | high | |
| 26 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Divine name in the genitive. |
| 27 | Μυσίας | Μυσία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 Δήμητρος | nmod | high | Mysian epithet/name, dependent on Δήμητρος. |
| 28 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 χωρίον | appos | high | Apposition to χωρίον. |
| 29 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 30 ἀνδρὸς | case | high | |
| 30 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ὄνομα | obl | high | Source of the name. |
| 31 | Μυσίου | Μύσιος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | Proper adjective agreeing with ἀνδρός. |
| 32 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 33 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἱερὸν | appos | medium | Appositional naming phrase: the sanctuary’s name is from a Mysian man. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἱερὸν | punct | high | |
| 35 | γενομένου | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 43 ξένου | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with τούτου; semantic subject is the Mysian man. |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 τούτου | cc | high | |
| 37 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 35 γενομένου | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 γενομένου | punct | high | |
| 39 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 λέγουσιν | mark | high | |
| 40 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 35 γενομένου | advcl | high | Parenthetical report clause. |
| 41 | Ἀργεῖοι | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 40 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 43 | ξένου | ξένος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 γενομένου | xcomp | medium | Predicative genitive adjective in the genitive absolute; agrees with understood τούτου. |
| 44 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 45 Δήμητρι | det | high | |
| 45 | Δήμητρι | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 ξένου | obl | high | Dative complement of ξένος. |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
τούτῳ μὲν οὖν οὐκ ἔπεστιν ὄροφος·
The dative demonstrative is an external possessor/locative complement with ἔπεστιν (‘there is upon/for this’); ὄροφος is the nominative subject. μὲν οὖν are discourse particles.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pd3ms | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἔπεστιν | obl | high | Dative complement, plausibly possessive or locative with ἔπεστιν. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | Df | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἔπεστιν | advmod | high | Negative particle before a vowel with rough breathing absent. |
| 5 | ἔπεστιν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V3spia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/locative verb, ‘is upon/present’. |
| 6 | ὄροφος | ὄροφος | NOUN | Nsms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔπεστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ ναός ἐστιν ἄλλος ὀπτῆς πλίνθου, ξόανα δὲ Κόρης καὶ Πλούτωνος καὶ Δήμητρός ἐστι.
Two coordinated existential/copular clauses: ναός ἐστιν ... and ξόανα ... ἐστι; the genitives Κόρης, Πλούτωνος, Δήμητρός depend on ξόανα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ναός | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ναός | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P------D | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 ναός | obl | high | Refers to the preceding location/temple context. |
| 4 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-----NS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-----NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναός | amod | high | |
| 7 | ὀπτῆς | ὀπτός | ADJ | A-----GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 πλίνθου | amod | high | |
| 8 | πλίνθου | πλίνθος | NOUN | N-----GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ναός | nmod | high | Material genitive: a temple of baked brick. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ξόανα | ξόανον | NOUN | N-----NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 12 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | N-----GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ξόανα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ξόανα: images of Kore. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Πλούτωνος | cc | high | |
| 14 | Πλούτωνος | Πλούτων | PROPN | N-----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Κόρης | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with Κόρης. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Δήμητρός | cc | high | |
| 16 | Δήμητρός | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-----GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Κόρης | conj | high | Coordinated genitive; accent reflects the inflected form. |
| 17 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated clause; plural neuter subject ξόανα with singular copula is grammatically possible. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστι | punct | high |
προελθοῦσι δὲ ποταμός ἐστιν Ἴναχος, καὶ διαβᾶσιν Ἡλίου βωμός.
Two coordinated locative clauses share an understood subject: προελθοῦσι/διαβᾶσιν are datival aorist participles, while ποταμός ἐστιν Ἴναχος and Ἡλίου βωμός are predicate nominal constructions; the second participle is interpreted as coordinated with the first and governs the implied location.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθοῦσι | προέρχομαι | VERB | VAorActPtcDatPl | Case=Dative|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 3 ποταμός | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle, probably circumstantial/locative; exact semantic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 προελθοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ποταμός | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Ἴναχος | Ἴναχος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative/name identifying the river. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 διαβᾶσιν | cc | high | |
| 8 | διαβᾶσιν | διαβαίνω | VERB | VAorActPtcDatPl | Case=Dative|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 10 βωμός | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle coordinated with προελθοῦσι; implied subject/location relation is elliptical. |
| 9 | Ἡλίου | ἥλιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 βωμός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμός: altar of Helios. |
| 10 | βωμός | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Coordinated nominal predicate/clause, with εἰμί understood. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐντεῦθεν δὲ ἐπὶ πύλην ἥξεις καλουμένην ἀπὸ τοῦ πλησίον ἱεροῦ·
Future ἥξεις governs the accusative goal πύλην, with καλουμένην agreeing with it; ἀπὸ τοῦ πλησίον ἱεροῦ is the source phrase modifying the name/designation implied by καλουμένην. πλησίον is treated as an indeclinable adjective used attributively with ἱεροῦ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 5 ἥξεις | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἥξεις | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 πύλην | case | high | With accusative, marking goal. |
| 4 | πύλην | πύλη | NOUN | N-AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἥξεις | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἥξεις | ἥκω | VERB | V-FAI-2S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | καλουμένην | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM- AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 πύλην | acl | high | Participial modifier agreeing with πύλην. |
| 7 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἱεροῦ | case | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GNS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 9 | πλησίον | πλησίος | ADJ | A-GNS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἱεροῦ | amod | medium | Indeclinable/ambiguous form; interpreted attributively as ‘nearby’. |
| 10 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GNS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 καλουμένην | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό within the participial phrase. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἥξεις | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἱερόν ἐστιν Εἰλειθυίας.
Copular clause: τὸ ἱερόν is the subject and Εἰλειθυίας is a nominative predicate noun; δέ is clause-linking.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἱερόν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘sanctuary’. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Εἰλειθυίας | Εἰλείθυια | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | pred | high | Predicate nominative; proper divine name. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |